Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of general formula (I) : Li a-b M 1 b V 2-c M 2 c (PO 4 ) x ; wherein M 1 , M 2 , a, b, c and x have the following meanings: M 1 : Na, K, Rb and/or Cs, M 2 : Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, Mg and/or Sc, a: 1.5 - 4.5, b: 0 - 0.6, c: 0 - 1.98 and x: number to equalize the charge of Li and V and M 1 and/or M 2 , if present, wherein a-b is > 0, to a compound according to general formula (I) as defined above, to spherical agglomerates and/or particles comprising at least one compound of general formula (I) as defined above, to the use of such a compound for the preparation of a cathode of a lithium ion battery or an electrochemical cell, and to a cathode for a lithium ion battery, comprising at least one compound as defined above.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a novel polynary metal oxide phosphate of general formula MaV2Ob(PO4)c (I), wherein M represents one or more metals selected from the group including V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, a has a value of 0.5 to 1.5, b has a value of 1.5 to 2.5, c has a value of 1.5 to 2.5, said novel compound having a crystal structure and being characterized by defined diffraction reflexes in powder X-ray diffraction. Preferred representatives are CoV2O2(PO4)2, NiV2O2(PO4)2 or CuV2O2(PO4)2. The metal oxide phosphates are suitable as gas phase oxidation catalysts, e.g. for producing maleic anhydride from a hydrocarbon with at least four carbon atoms.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a multimetallic oxide composition which comprises Mo, V and T and/or Sb elements, and at least one of Nb, Ti, Ta and Ce elements and promoters, and has a specific X-ray diffraction diagram. The use of said multimetallic oxide composition in the form of a partial oxidation catalyst in the gas phase for heterogeneous hydrocarbon catalysis is also disclosed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing nanoscale metal oxide-filled polymers. Said method is characterized by the following steps: a) producing a nanosuspension of one or more crystalline metal oxides, metal hydroxides or metal oxide hydroxides by heating a suspension of one or more compounds containing the corresponding metals in a first polymerizable compound to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water at process temperature and lower than the boiling temperature of the first polymerizable compound and also lower than the temperature at which polymerization of the first polymerizable compound begins, in the presence of water in an amount corresponding to 1 to 10 oxygen atoms per metal atom of the compound or of the compounds containing the corresponding metals, and b) polymerization of the first polymerizable compound under the conditions of temperature and pressure conventional for the first polymerizable compound.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods for the production of surface-modified, nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxyhydroxide and of aqueous suspensions of said particles. The invention also relates to the surface-modified, nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxyhydroxide and to the aqueous suspensions of said particles which can be obtained by these methods and their use for cosmetic sunscreen preparations, as stabilisers in plastics and as active antimicrobial active substance.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for converting a precatalyst which comprises a inert carrier, an organic carbon source and a silver and vanadium containing multimetal oxide to a gas phase oxidation catalyst comprising the inert carrier and a catalytically active silver-vanadium oxide bronze. According to said method, the precatalyst is thermally treated at a temperature of at least 350 °C in a gas atmosphere containing less than 10 % by volume of oxygen. Before the treatment, the carbon source quantity in the precatalyst is adjusted to a value below the critical quantity. The carbon quantity is reduced by separation at a temperature of 80 to 200 °C in an oxygen-containing atmosphere and concurrent decomposition of a portion of the carbon source. The catalysts so obtained are used for partial gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons to aldehydes, carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a compound of the general formula (I) A a M b P c O d, in which the variables are defined as follows: M is at least one transition metal, selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Mn, Fe and Cr, A is Li or Li x Na 1-x , wherein x is a number in the range from 0.2 to 1.0, a is a number in the range from 3.5 to 4.5, b is a number in the range from 0.8 to 1.2, c is a number in the range from 1.8 to 2.2, and d is a number in the range from 7.2 to 8.8.