Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of a hydrophobin or a derivative thereof as an antifoaming agent in additive compositions or in fuels, to a method for defoaming fuels, to an additive and fuel composition containing a hydrophobin or derivative thereof and at least one additional fuel additive, and to a method for producing a fuel composition.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of formic acid formates, wherein a flowing liquid (I) containing formic acid, and a flowing liquid (II) containing a metal formate, are provided. The flowing liquids (I) and (II) are guided to a rectification column such that a higher or equal guiding point for the liquid flow (II) is selected for the rectification column for the liquid flow (I). The liquid flows (I) and (II) in the rectification column are mixed by separating water via the head of the rectification column and the liquid flow is withdrawn from the rectification column, said liquid flow containing the formic acid formate. The invention is characterised in that the liquid flow is obtained as a melt containing at least 0.5 wt. % water.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing linear alpha olefins by means of an isomerising metathetical reaction and ensuing ethenolysis. The method comprises the following steps: i) a C4-C10 olefin fraction is introduced into an isomerising metathesis reaction; ii) the mixture obtained is separated into a) a C2-C3-olefin fraction, b) a fraction containing olefins having the desired carbon count, c) a light fraction containing olefins having a carbon count of C4 or above, but below the carbon count of the desired fraction b) and, d) a heavy fraction containing olefins having a carbon count which is above the carbon count of the desired fraction b); iii) the light fraction c) and optionally the heavy fraction d) are redirected into the isomerising metathesis reaction i); iv) the fraction b) and optionally the fraction d) are introduced into an ethenolysis reaction; and v) the alpha olefin fraction produced in iv) is isolated. Linear C8-C12 alpha olefins can be especially produced using said method.
Abstract:
A process is proposed for preparing acid formates in which a liquid stream I comprising formic acid and a liquid stream II comprising a metal formate are prepared, the liquid streams I and II are fed to a rectification column in such a manner that a higher or identical feed point to the rectification column is chosen for the liquid stream II than for the liquid stream I, the liquid streams I and II are mixed in the rectification column, with water being removed overhead from the rectification column and a bottoms stream comprising the acid formate is taken off from the rectification column, which comprises the bottoms stream being produced as melt comprising less than 0.5% by weight of water.
Abstract:
A method for the production of formic acid-formates (I) involves (a) partial hydrolysis of methyl formate (MF) with water, (b) distillation to give formic acid and water (stream S1) and (c) combination of (S1) with the corresponding formate (F) to give a mixture of (I) and water. An Independent claim is also included for apparatus for the production of (I), comprising a reactor (A) for the hydrolysis of MF, a distillation column (B) for separating a stream containing MF, formic acid, methanol and water into MF, methanol and a stream (S1) containing formic acid and water, and a column (E) for removing water from S1.
Abstract:
A method for the production of formic acid-formates (I) involves (a) partial hydrolysis of methyl formate (MF) with water, (b) distillation to give formic acid and water (stream S1) and (c) combination of (S1) with the corresponding formate (F) to give a mixture of (I) and water. An Independent claim is also included for apparatus for the production of (I), comprising a reactor (A) for the hydrolysis of MF, a distillation column (B) for separating a stream containing MF, formic acid, methanol and water into MF, methanol and a stream (S1) containing formic acid and water, and a column (E) for removing water from S1.
Abstract:
A process is described for preparing acid formates in which methyl formate is reacted with water and a basic compound having a pK a of the conjugate acid of the corresponding dissociation state of >=3 measured at 25° C. in aqueous solution, the methanol formed is separated off and, optionally, the desired acid content is set by adding formic acid.
Abstract:
A process is proposed for preparing acid formates by providing a liquid stream I containing formic acid and a liquid stream II containing a metal formate, and mixing the liquid stream I with the liquid stream II, obtaining the corresponding acid formate, which comprises feeding, to the liquid stream I or a precursor thereof, to the liquid stream II or a precursor thereof, or to the mixture of the liquid streams I and II, a liquid stream III containing the following components at contents of in each case >0.1% by weight: metal formate, metal methoxide, methanol and MeFo (MeFo), which is produced in a process for preparing MeFo by carbonylating methanol in a reactor at a pressure up to 50 MPa absolute in the presence of a metal methoxide as homogeneous catalyst.
Abstract:
A method for the production of formic acid-formates (I) involves (a) partial hydrolysis of methyl formate (MF) with water, (b) distillation to give formic acid and water (stream S1) and (c) combination of (S1) with the corresponding formate (F) to give a mixture of (I) and water. An Independent claim is also included for apparatus for the production of (I), comprising a reactor (A) for the hydrolysis of MF, a distillation column (B) for separating a stream containing MF, formic acid, methanol and water into MF, methanol and a stream (S1) containing formic acid and water, and a column (E) for removing water from S1.