Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for removing formic acid from a mixture that contains formaldehyde, trioxane, water and formic acid, by distillation. According to said method, at least one tertiary amine and/or an imine or a mixture thereof capable of deprotonation and conversion to a salt is added, prior to or during distillation, to the mixture in a catalytic amount or in an amount sufficient to form the salt with the entire amount of formic acid, and the formic acid/amine salt is removed in a liquid phase in the distillation sump.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for producing fibers, in which a solution (I) containing polyurethane is spun into a coagulation bath. Said method is characterized in that polyurethane which is dissolved in ionic liquid is used as a solution (I).
Abstract:
Process for preparing ionic compounds comprising cations containing quaternary sp2-hybridized nitrogen atoms, which comprises reacting compounds containing a double-bonded nitrogen atom with a dialkyl sulfate with participation of both alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfate and, if appropriate, subjecting the resulting ionic compound containing sulfate anions to an anion exchange.
Abstract:
The invention describes a method for separating trioxane from a supply flow I of formaldehyde, trioxane, and water, wherein a) a supply flow I containing formaldehyde as the main component and trioxane and water as the secondary components, is provided, b) the supply flow, a return flow V, and a return flow VII containing formaldehyde as the main component and water and trioxane as the secondary components, are fed into a first distillation step and are distilled at a pressure of 0.1 to 2.5 bars, wherein a flow II containing formaldehyde as the main component and water as the secondary component, and a flow III containing trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, and a flow X containing water, trioxane and formaldehyde, are obtained, c) the flow III, optionally after separating low boilers from the flow III in a low boiler separating step, is distilled in a second distillation step at a pressure of 0.2 to 17.5 bars, wherein the pressure in the second distillation step is higher than the pressure in the first distillation step by 0.1 to 15 bars, wherein a flow IV, substantially consisting of trioxane, and the return flow V containing trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, are obtained, d) the flow IV is purified in at least one further trioxane distillation step at a head pressure of 0.5 to 2 bars, wherein purified trioxane is obtained as the lateral removal flow is obtained in the reinforcement part of the column, d) the flow X, and optionally a flow IX containing water as the main component, are fed into a third distillation step and distilled at a pressure of 1 to 10 bars, wherein a flow VI substantially consisting of water, and a return flow VII containing formaldehyde as the main component and water and trioxane as the secondary component, are obtained.
Abstract:
Método para la producción de compuestos de amonio cuaternario mediante la reacción de la correspondiente amina terciaria hibridizada sp 3 ó imina hibridizada sp 2 con dimetilsulfito, el cual está caracterizado porque la reacción se ejecuta (i) en presencia de un ácido prótico orgánico o inorgánico con un valor de pKa de 1,8 a 14, medido a 25ºC en solución acuosa; y (ii) a una temperatura de 10 a 100ºC.
Abstract:
Process for preparing quaternary ammonium compounds by reacting the corresponding tertiary sp 3 -hybridized amine or sp 2 -hybridized imine with dimethyl sulfite, wherein the reaction is carried out (i) in the presence of an inorganic or organic protic acid having a pK a of from 1.8 to 14, measured at 25° C. in aqueous solution; and (ii) at a temperature of from 10 to 100° C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the extractive removal of phenols, alcohols, amines, phoshines, hydroxylamines, hydrazines, oximes, imines, water, carboxylic acids, amino acids, hydroxamic acids, sulfinic acids, sulfonic acids, peroxycarboxylic acids, phosphonous acids, phosphinous acids, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids or phosphoric acids from aprotic solvents by means of ionic liquids of the formula [K]n+[A]n-, where n, [K]+ and An- are defined as in the description.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a zeolitic material having a structure comprising YO2 and X2O3 is provided, wherein said process comprises the steps of ( 1 ) providing a mixture comprising one or more ammonium compounds of which the ammonium cation has the formula (I): [R1R2NR3R4+(I) and further comprising one or more sources for Y02 and one or more sources for X2O3; (2) crystallizing the mixture provided in step ( 1 ); wherein Y is a tetravalent element, and X is a trivalent element, and wherein the ammonium compounds are preferably derivatized or underivatized N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium compounds, Nu,Nu-dimethylpiperidinium compounds, Nu,Nu-dimethylhexahydroazepinium compounds, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the molar ratio of ammonium cation having the formula (I) to Y in the mixture provided in step (1) and crystallized in step (2) is equal to or greater than 0.25.
Abstract:
La presente invención se refiere a un proceso para producir cuero en el que se usa ácido metanosulfónico (MSA) en la etapa de decapado a un valor de pH alto, y el uso de MSA es para mejorar la calidad del producto de cuero final así como para mejorar la impacto ambiental del licor residual. (Traducción automática con Google Translate, sin valor legal)