Abstract:
An composition comprising: (A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I) R1R2 N–P(X)(NH2 )2 wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1 is a C1 to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, C6 to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R2 is H, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and (C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of (C1) a polymeric polyamine,and (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, and (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy-or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22,and (C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated C8 to C40 alkyl group R23, and (C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method, preferably an isomerization method, for chemically converting at least one hydrocarbon in the presence of an ionic liquid. The chemical conversion is carried out in a device (V1), and at least one metal halide, preferably aluminum halide, is added into the device (V1) periodically or continuously. The anion of the ionic liquid which is used comprises at least one metal component and at least one halogen component. The anion of the ionic liquid matches the metal halide added into the device (V1) with regard to the respective halogen component and the metal component. Among others, the ionic liquid used in the respective chemical conversion, in particular in an isomerization method, can be regenerated using the method according to the invention.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for hydrocarbon conversion in the presence of an acidic ionic liquid. The hydrocarbon conversion is preferably an isomerization, in particular an isomerization of methylcyclopentane (MCP) to form cyclohexane. Before the hydrocarbon conversion, a hydrogenation is performed. Preferably, benzene is hydrogenated to form cyclohexane. The cyclohexane arising in the hydrogenation and/or isomerization is preferably isolated from the method. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, low boilers, in particular C5-C6 alkanes such as cyclopentane or isohexanes, are removed by distillation from the hydrocarbon mixture used for the hydrocarbon conversion after the hydrogenation and before the hydrocarbon conversion.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing cyclohexane by isomerizing a hydrocarbon mixture (KG1) containing methylcyclopentane (MCP) in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is preferably an acidic ionic liquid. A flow (S1) originating from a steam cracking process is used as a starting material. The hydrocarbon mixture (KG1) is obtained from said stream (S1) in a device for removing aromatics. The hydrocarbon mixture has a reduced aromatic content in comparison with the flow (S1). (KG1) can also be (nearly) free of aromatics. In dependence on the type and amount of the aromatics remaining in the hydrocarbon mixture (KG1), in particular if benzene is present, a hydrogenation of (KG1) additionally can be performed before the isomerization. Furthermore, additional purification steps can optionally be performed before or after the isomerization or hydrogenation in dependence on the presence of other components of (KG1). Preferably high-purity cyclohexane (in accordance with specifications) is isolated from the hydrocarbon mixture (KG2) arising during the isomerization, wherein the specifications are given, for example, by the use of the cyclohexane for the production of caprolactam known to the person skilled in the art.
Abstract:
Una composicion que comprende: (A) una mezcla que comprende al menos una triamida de acido (tio)fosforico de acuerdo con la formula general (I) R1R2N-P(X)(NH2)2, en la que X es oxigeno o azufre; R1 es un grupo alquilo C1 a C20, cicloalquilo C3 a C20, arilo C6 a C20 o dialquilaminocarbonilo; R2 es H, o R1 y R2, junto con el atomo de nitrogeno que los une, definen un radical heterociclico saturado o insaturado de 5 o 6 miembros, que opcionalmente comprende 1 o 2 heteroatomos adicionales seleccionados del grupo que consiste en nitrogeno, oxigeno y azufre, Y (C) al menos una amina seleccionada del grupo que consiste en (C1) una poliamina polimerica, y (C2) una amina que contiene no mas de un grupo amino y al menos tres grupos R21 alquilo C2 a C12 sustituidos con alcoxi o hidroxi, en la que al menos uno de los grupos R21 es diferente de los otros grupos R21, y (C3) una amina que contiene no mas de un grupo amino y al menos dos grupos R22 alquilo C2 a C12 sustituidos con alcoxi o hidroxi, en la que al menos uno de los grupos R22 tiene el sustituyente alcoxi o hidroxi en un atomo de carbono secundario o terciario y en la que al menos uno de los grupos R22 es diferente de los otros grupos R22, y (C4) una amina que contiene al menos un grupo alquilo saturado o insaturado C8 a C40 R23, y (C5) una amina heterociclica saturada o insaturada que contiene al menos un atomo de oxigeno como atomo del anillo y que no contiene un grupo alcoxi adicional.
Abstract:
An composition comprising: (A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I) R1R2 NP(X)(NH2 )2 wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1 is a C1 to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, C6 to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R2 is H, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and (C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of (C1) a polymeric polyamine,and (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, and (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy-or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22,and (C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated C8 to C40 alkyl group R23, and (C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
Abstract:
Ionic liquids dispersion involves using inert non-polar solvents in a suitable dispersion apparatus for producing stable droplets of ionic liquids. The produced droplet has a diameter of 100 mu m or less. The dispersion apparatus is selected from micro-mixer, high pressure homogenizer, reaction mixing pump or rotor-stator dispersion apparatus. An independent claim is included for a method for preparing homopolymers or copolymers with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000-10,000,000, which involves preparing monomers by polymerization or copolymerization of olefinic monomers in liquid phase in presence of ionic liquids as a polymerization catalyst.