Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for producing a decrystallized cellulose having a reduced cellulose I-type crystallinity from a cellulose-containing raw material in an efficient manner with an excellent productivity. In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing a decrystallized cellulose from a raw material containing a cellulose having a cellulose I-type crystallinity of more than 33% as calculated from the following formula: Cellulose I - type Crystallinity % = I 22.6 - I 18.5 / I 22.6 �¢ x 100 wherein I 22.6 is a diffraction intensity of a lattice plane (002 plane) as measured at a diffraction angle 2¸ of 22.6° in X-ray diffraction analysis; and I 18.5 is a diffraction intensity of an amorphous moiety as measured at a diffraction angle 2¸ of 18.5° in X-ray diffraction analysis, the process including the step of treating the cellulose-containing raw material using a media-type mill to reduce the cellulose I-type crystallinity of the cellulose to 33% or less, wherein the cellulose-containing raw material has a bulk density of from 100 to 500 kg/m 3 , and a content of the cellulose in a residue obtained by removing water from the cellulose-containing raw material is 20% by weight or more.
Abstract:
A printing method by which a label, etc., can be printed excellently on the surface of a material to be printed, such as the synthetic resin plate of an optical disk, etc., by electrophotography. At the time of printing the label, etc., on the surface to be printed, in order that a charged toner on the transferring medium is transferred onto the material to be printed, an electrode connected to a power unit is brought into contact with the material at the position close to transferred the toner on the medium. Then, electric charge is supplied through the electrode. Prior to the transfer of the toner, in addition, the electric resistance of the surface to be printed is adjusted to OMEGA .
Abstract:
Un proceso para producir una celulosa descristalizada a partir de una materia prima que comprende una celulosa con una cristalinidad de celulosa de tipo I de más de 33 %, calculada a partir de la fórmula siguiente (1): Cristalinidad de celulosa de tipo I (%)>= [(I22,6 - I18,5)/I22,6]×100 (1) en la que I22.6 es la intensidad de difracción de un plano reticular (plano 002) medido a un ángulo de difracción 2θ de 22,6° en análisis de difracción de rayos X; e I18,5 es la intensidad de difracción de un resto amorfo medido a un ángulo de difracción 2θ de 18,5° en análisis de difracción de rayos X, comprendiendo dicho proceso la etapa de tratar la materia prima que contiene celulosa usando un molino de tipo de medio para reducir la cristalinidad de celulosa de tipo I de la celulosa a 33 % o menos, en el que el molino de tipo de medio es un molino vibratorio que usa barras, la materia prima que contiene celulosa tiene una densidad aparente de 100 a 500 kg/m3 y el contenido de celulosa en un residuo obtenido retirando agua de la materia prima que contiene celulosa es de 20 % en peso o más.
Abstract:
Un procedimiento de producción de sacárido, que incluye la sacarificación de la celulosa descristalizadapreparada a partir de una materia prima que contiene celulosa que tiene una cristalinidad de la celulosa de tipo Isuperior al 33% según se calcula a partir de la siguiente fórmula (1):Cristalinidad de la Celulosa de Tipo I (%) >=[(I22.6 - I18.5)/I22.6] x 100 (1)en la que I22,6 es la intensidad de la difracción de un plano reticular (plano 002), como se mide con un ángulo dedifracción 2θ de 22,6° por análisis de difracción de Rayos X, y I18,5 es la intensidad de difracción de un resto amorfocomo se mide con un ángulo de difracción 2θ de 18,5º por análisis de difracción de Rayos X, procedimiento quecomprende:tratamiento de la materia prima que contiene celulosa por medio de un molino para reducir la cristalinidadde la celulosa de tipo I de la celulosa a un 10% o inferior, en el que la materia prima que contiene celulosatiene un contenido de celulosa de un residuo obtenido por eliminación del agua de la materia prima quecontiene celulosa en un 20% en peso o superior, para preparar de ese modo celulosa descristalizada, yprovocando que una celulasa y/o hemicelulasa actúe sobre la celulosa cristalizada, para de ese modosacarificar la celulosa descristalizada,en el que la materia prima que contiene celulosa tiene una densidad aparente de 100 a 500 kg/m3 y untamaño medio de partícula de 0,01 a 1 mm.
Abstract:
Provided are a cosmetic composition which is an O/W/O emulsion composition and contains, in the oil phases O and O thereof, fine metal oxide particles having ultraviolet screening ability; and a preparation process of the cosmetic composition.
Abstract:
A process for producing non-crystalline cellulose with excellent productivity, wherein a cellulosic raw material in which the components thereof excluding water have a cellulose content of 20 mass% or higher and the cellulose has a cellulose I crystallinity, shown by the following calculation formula (1), of higher than 33% and which has a water content of 1.8 mass% or lower is treated with a pulverizer to reduce the cellulose I crystallinity thereof to 33% or lower. Cellulose I crystallinity (%) = [(I22.6-I18.5)/I22.6]×100 (1) [I22.6 indicates the X-ray diffraction intensity of the lattice plane (002) (diffraction angle 2? = 22.6º) and I18.5 indicates the X-ray diffraction intensity of the amorphous part (diffraction angle 2? = 18.5º).]
Abstract:
A process for producing saccharide, including saccharifying decrystallized cellulose prepared from a raw material containing cellulose having cellulose I-type crystallinity of more than 33%, the process including: treating the cellulose-containing raw material by means of a mill to reduce the cellulose I-type crystallinity of the cellulose to 33% or less, wherein the cellulose- containing raw material has a cellulose content of a residue obtained by removing water from the cellulose-containing raw material of 20% by weight or more, to thereby prepare decrystallized cellulose, and causing a cellulase and/or a hemicellulase to act on the decrystallized cellulose.
Abstract:
Provided is an O/W emulsion cosmetic composition, which contains the following components (A), (B) and (C): (A) a polymer which is either a nonionic or cationic polymer composed of a hydrophobic monomer unit and a hydrophilic monomer unit and contains from 40 to 80 wt. % of a hydrophilic group; (B) a dispersion containing the following components (a), (b), (c) and (d): (a) powders having ultraviolet screening ability and having a surface subjected to hydrophobic treatment, (b) a polymer composed of a hydrophobic monomer unit and a hydrophilic monomer unit, (c) a silicone oil, and (d) an alcohol having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, at an (a):(b):(c):(d) weight ratio of (from 25 to 65):(from 0.1 to 5):(from 10 to 50):(from 10 to 50); and (C) water.