公开(公告)号：WO2013109399A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-25

申请号：PCT/US2012/071951

申请日：2012-12-28

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION

Inventor： LI, Weidong ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina, Elizabeth ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  SOEDA, Masaya ,  LIU, Guojun

IPC: C09D11/00 ,  C09D11/10 ,  H05K1/02

CPC classification number: H01L21/02381 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01L21/02488 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/02628

Abstract: Improved silicon/germanium nanoparticle inks are described that have silicon/ germanium nanoparticles well distributed within a stable dispersion. In particular the inks are formulated with a centrifugation step to remove contaminants as well as less well dispersed portions of the dispersion. A sonication step can be used after the centrifugation, which is observed to result in a synergistic improvement to the quality of some of the inks. The silicon/germanium ink properties can be engineered for particular deposition applications, such as spin coating or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon/germanium nanoparticles. The silicon/germanium nanoparticles are well suited for forming semiconductor components, such as components for thin film transistors or solar cell contacts.

Abstract translation: 描述了改进的硅/锗纳米颗粒油墨，其具有良好分布在稳定分散体内的硅/锗纳米颗粒。 特别地，油墨通过离心步骤配制以除去分散体中的污染物以及较不良好分散的部分。 在离心之后可以使用超声处理步骤，这被观察到导致对一些油墨的质量的协同改进。 可以为特定的沉积应用（例如旋涂或丝网印刷）设计硅/锗油墨性质。 描述适当的处理方法以提供油墨设计的灵活性，而不对硅/锗纳米颗粒进行表面改性。 硅/锗纳米颗粒非常适合于形成诸如用于薄膜晶体管或太阳能电池触点的部件的半导体部件。

公开(公告)号：WO2013066669A2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-10

申请号：PCT/US2012/061456

申请日：2012-10-23

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION ,  LIU, Guojun ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  LI, Weidong ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

Inventor： LIU, Guojun ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  LI, Weidong ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

CPC classification number: H01L29/04 ,  H01L21/02104 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/0259 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/0262 ,  H01L21/02628 ,  H01L21/2225 ,  H01L21/2257 ,  H01L21/67115 ,  H01L31/028 ,  H01L31/035218 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: Silicon nanoparticle inks provide a basis for the formation of desirable materials. Specifically, composites have been formed in thin layers comprising silicon nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous silicon matrix, which can be formed at relatively low temperatures. The composite material can be heated to form a nanocrystalline material having crystals that are non-rod shaped. The nanocrystalline material can have desirable electrical conductive properties, and the materials can be formed with a high dopant level. Also, nanocrystalline silicon pellets can be formed from silicon nanoparticles deposited form an ink in which the pellets can be relatively dense although less dense than bulk silicon. The pellets can be formed from the application of pressure and heat to a silicon nanoparticle layer.

Abstract translation: 硅纳米颗粒油墨为形成所需材料提供了基础。 具体地说，复合材料已经形成在包含可以在较低温度下形成的非晶硅基质中的硅纳米颗粒的薄层。 可以将复合材料加热以形成具有非棒状晶体的纳米晶体材料。 纳米晶体材料可以具有期望的导电性能，并且可以以高掺杂剂水平形成材料。 此外，纳米晶硅颗粒可以由沉积成油墨的硅纳米颗粒形成，其中颗粒可以相对致密，尽管比体硅密度小。 颗粒可以由压力和热量施加到硅纳米颗粒层上形成。

公开(公告)号：WO2012006071A2

公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

申请号：PCT/US2011/042142

申请日：2011-06-28

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  FREY, Bernard, M. ,  LI, Weidong ,  LIU, Guojun ,  LYNCH, Robert, B. ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina, Elizabeth ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

Inventor： CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  FREY, Bernard, M. ,  LI, Weidong ,  LIU, Guojun ,  LYNCH, Robert, B. ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina, Elizabeth ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

IPC: B01J13/00 ,  C01B33/02 ,  C01G17/00 ,  C09D11/00 ,  B01J19/08

CPC classification number: C09D11/38 ,  B01D21/262 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B33/02 ,  C08K3/08 ,  C08K3/36 ,  C08K9/02 ,  C09D5/24 ,  C09D7/67 ,  C09D7/68 ,  C09D7/80 ,  C09D11/037 ,  C09D11/101 ,  C09D11/322 ,  C09D11/36 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02573 ,  H01L21/02579 ,  H01L21/02581 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/02628 ,  H01L23/4828 ,  H01L23/53276 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/03682 ,  H01L31/03762 ,  H01L31/0747 ,  H01L31/182 ,  H01L31/1864 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/546 ,  Y02E10/548 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Laser pyrolysis reactor designs and corresponding reactant inlet nozzles are described to provide desirable particle quenching that is particularly suitable for the synthesis of elemental silicon particles. In particular, the nozzles can have a design to encourage nucleation and quenching with inert gas based on a significant flow of inert gas surrounding the reactant precursor flow and with a large inert entrainnient flow effectively surrounding the reactant precursor and quench gas flows. Improved silicon nanoparticle inks are described that has silicon nanoparticles without any surface modification with organic compounds. The silicon ink properties can be engineered for particular printing applications, such as inkjet printing, gravure printing or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon nanoparticles.

Abstract translation: 描述了激光热解反应器设计和相应的反应物入口喷嘴，以提供特别适合于合成元素硅颗粒的理想的颗粒淬火。 特别地，喷嘴可以具有这样的设计，以鼓励基于围绕反应物前体流的大量惰性气体的惰性气体的成核和淬火以及有效围绕反应物前体和骤冷气体流的大的惰性夹带流。 描述了改进的硅纳米颗粒油墨，其具有不含有机化合物的任何表面改性的硅纳米颗粒。 硅油墨性能可以针对特定的印刷应用进行设计，例如喷墨印刷，凹版印刷或丝网印刷。 描述适当的处理方法以提供油墨设计的灵活性，而不对表面改性硅纳米颗粒。

公开(公告)号：WO2008079242A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

申请号：PCT/US2007/025966

申请日：2007-12-18

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION ,  LI, Weidong ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  DU, Hui, K. ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  MOSSO, Ronald, J. ,  KAMBE, Nobuyuki

Inventor： LI, Weidong ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  DU, Hui, K. ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  MOSSO, Ronald, J. ,  KAMBE, Nobuyuki

IPC: C01B37/02 ,  B82B1/00

CPC classification number: C01B33/18 ,  B01J13/02 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/783 ,  Y10S977/811 ,  Y10T428/249974 ,  Y10T428/2982

Abstract: Hollow silica nanoparticles can have well defined non-porous shells with low shell fragmentation and good dispersability. These well defined hollow particles can be formed through the controlled oxidation of silicon nanoparticles in an organic solvent. The hollow nanoparticles can have a submicron secondary particle sizes. The hollow silica nanoparticles can be incorporated into polymer composites, such as low index-of- refraction composites, for appropriate applications.

Abstract translation: 中空二氧化硅纳米颗粒可以具有良好限定的无孔壳体，具有低壳断裂和良好的分散性。 这些明确定义的中空颗粒可以通过有机溶剂中硅纳米颗粒的受控氧化形成。 中空纳米颗粒可以具有亚微米级二次粒径。 中空二氧化硅纳米颗粒可以掺入到聚合物复合材料中，例如低折射率复合材料，用于适当的应用。

公开(公告)号：WO2007109084A2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-27

申请号：PCT/US2007/006497

申请日：2007-03-14

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  LI, Weidong ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  DU, Hui, K. ,  KAMBE, Nobuyuki ,  MOSSO, Ronald, J.

Inventor： CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  LI, Weidong ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  DU, Hui, K. ,  KAMBE, Nobuyuki ,  MOSSO, Ronald, J.

IPC: C09K11/08

CPC classification number: C09K11/7774 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/0025 ,  C01P2002/04 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/50 ,  C01P2004/64

Abstract: Collections of phosphor particles have achieved improved performance based on improved material properties, such as crystallinity. Display devices can be formed with these improved submicron phosphor particles. Improved processing methods contribute to the improved phosphor particles, which can have high crystallinity and a high degree of particle size uniformity. Dispersions and composites can be effectively formed from the powders of the submicron particle collections.

Abstract translation: 基于改善的材料性质如结晶度，荧光体颗粒的收集已经实现了改进的性能。 可以用这些改进的亚微米荧光体颗粒形成显示装置。 改进的处理方法有助于改进的磷光体颗粒，其可以具有高结晶度和高度的粒度均匀性。 分散体和复合材料可以从亚微米颗粒收集的粉末中有效地形成。

公开(公告)号：WO2014189886A1

公开(公告)日：2014-11-27

申请号：PCT/US2014/038721

申请日：2014-05-20

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION

Inventor： LI, Weidong ,  SOEDA, Masaya ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina, Elizabeth ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar

IPC: C09D11/037 ,  C09D11/03

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  C09D11/037 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01B1/20 ,  H01B1/24 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/02625 ,  H01L21/2225 ,  H01L21/228 ,  H01L21/268 ,  H01L29/0665 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: Silicon based nanoparticle inks are formulated with viscous polycyclic alcohols to control the rheology of the inks. The inks can be formulated into pastes with non-Newtonian rheology and good screen printing properties. The inks can have low metal contamination such that they are suitable for forming semiconductor structures. The silicon based nanoparticles can be elemental silicon particles with or without dopant.

Abstract translation: 用粘性多环醇配制硅基纳米颗粒油墨以控制油墨的流变性。 油墨可以配制成具有非牛顿流变性和良好丝网印刷性能的浆料。 油墨可以具有低的金属污染，使得它们适合于形成半导体结构。 硅基纳米颗粒可以是具有或不具有掺杂剂的元素硅颗粒。

公开(公告)号：WO2014099978A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-26

申请号：PCT/US2013/075762

申请日：2013-12-17

Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATION

Inventor： NGUYEN, Ha, Thi-Hoang ,  SOEDA, Masaya ,  LI, Weidong ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

IPC: C09D11/03 ,  C09D11/10 ,  B41M5/00

CPC classification number: C08B11/02 ,  C08B11/22 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01L31/022441 ,  H01L31/0384 ,  H01L31/03921 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  H01L31/1864 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: Silicon based nanoparticle inks are described with very low metal contamination levels. In particular, metal contamination levels can be established in the parts-per-billion range. The inks of particular interest generally comprise a polymer to influence the ink rheology. Techniques are described that are suitable for purifying polymers soluble in polar solvents, such as alcohols, with respect metal contamination. Very low levels of metal contamination for cellulose polymers are described.

Abstract translation: 以非常低的金属污染水平描述了基于硅的纳米颗粒油墨。 特别是金属污染水平可以建立在十亿分之一的范围内。 特别感兴趣的油墨通常包含影响油墨流变性的聚合物。 描述了适用于纯化可溶于极性溶剂如醇的聚合物的技术，涉及金属污染。 描述了纤维素聚合物的非常低的金属污染水平。

公开(公告)号：EP3097975A1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-30

申请号：EP16179437.5

申请日：2011-06-28

Applicant: Nanogram Corporation

Inventor： CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  FREY, Bernard M. ,  LI, Weidong ,  LIU, Guojun ,  LYNCH, Robert B. ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina Elizabeth ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

IPC: B01J13/00 ,  C01B33/02 ,  C01G17/00 ,  C09D11/00 ,  B01J19/08 ,  H01L31/00 ,  C09D11/037 ,  C09D11/322

CPC classification number: C09D11/38 ,  B01D21/262 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B33/02 ,  C08K3/08 ,  C08K3/36 ,  C08K9/02 ,  C09D5/24 ,  C09D7/67 ,  C09D7/68 ,  C09D7/80 ,  C09D11/037 ,  C09D11/101 ,  C09D11/322 ,  C09D11/36 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02573 ,  H01L21/02579 ,  H01L21/02581 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/02628 ,  H01L23/4828 ,  H01L23/53276 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/03682 ,  H01L31/03762 ,  H01L31/0747 ,  H01L31/182 ,  H01L31/1864 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/546 ,  Y02E10/548 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Laser pyrolysis reactor designs and corresponding reactant inlet nozzles are described to provide desirable particle quenching that is particularly suitable for the synthesis of elemental silicon particles. In particular, the nozzles can have a design to encourage nucleation and quenching with inert gas based on a significant flow of inert gas surrounding the reactant precursor flow and with a large inert entrainment flow effectively surrounding the reactant precursor and quench gas flows. Improved silicon nanoparticle inks are described that has silicon nanoparticles without any surface modification with organic compounds. The silicon ink properties can be engineered for particular printing applications, such as inkjet printing, gravure printing or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon nanoparticles.

Abstract translation: 激光热解的反应器设计和反应物对应的入口喷嘴的描述，以提供所期望的颗粒淬火做特别适用于单质硅颗粒的合成。 特别地，喷嘴可以有一个设计来鼓励成核和淬火与基于围绕所述反应物前体流量的惰性气体的流量显著并用有效围绕所述反应物前体的大的惰性夹带流动的惰性气体和骤冷气体流动。 改进的硅纳米颗粒油墨记载那样具有硅纳米粒子，而不与有机化合物的任何表面改性。 硅油墨性能可被改造为特殊印刷应用，颜色：如喷墨印刷，照相凹版印刷或丝网印刷。 适当的处理方法被描述而不表面改性的硅纳米粒子，以提供墨水的设计灵活性。

公开(公告)号：EP2804912A1

公开(公告)日：2014-11-26

申请号：EP12865642.8

申请日：2012-12-28

Applicant: Nanogram Corporation

Inventor： LI, Weidong ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina, Elizabeth ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma ,  CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  SOEDA, Masaya ,  LIU, Guojun

IPC: C09D11/00 ,  C09D11/10 ,  H05K1/02

CPC classification number: H01L21/02381 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01L21/02488 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/02628

Abstract: Improved silicon/germanium nanoparticle inks are described that have silicon/ germanium nanoparticles well distributed within a stable dispersion. In particular the inks are formulated with a centrifugation step to remove contaminants as well as less well dispersed portions of the dispersion. A sonication step can be used after the centrifugation, which is observed to result in a synergistic improvement to the quality of some of the inks. The silicon/germanium ink properties can be engineered for particular deposition applications, such as spin coating or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon/germanium nanoparticles. The silicon/germanium nanoparticles are well suited for forming semiconductor components, such as components for thin film transistors or solar cell contacts.

公开(公告)号：EP2588227A2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-08

申请号：EP11804119.3

申请日：2011-06-28

Applicant: Nanogram Corporation

Inventor： CHIRUVOLU, Shivkumar ,  ALTMAN, Igor ,  FREY, Bernard, M. ,  LI, Weidong ,  LIU, Guojun ,  LYNCH, Robert, B. ,  PENGRA-LEUNG, Gina, Elizabeth ,  SRINIVASAN, Uma

IPC: B01J13/00 ,  C01B33/02 ,  C01G17/00 ,  C09D11/00 ,  B01J19/08

CPC classification number: C09D11/38 ,  B01D21/262 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B33/02 ,  C08K3/08 ,  C08K3/36 ,  C08K9/02 ,  C09D5/24 ,  C09D7/67 ,  C09D7/68 ,  C09D7/80 ,  C09D11/037 ,  C09D11/101 ,  C09D11/322 ,  C09D11/36 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02573 ,  H01L21/02579 ,  H01L21/02581 ,  H01L21/02601 ,  H01L21/02628 ,  H01L23/4828 ,  H01L23/53276 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/03682 ,  H01L31/03762 ,  H01L31/0747 ,  H01L31/182 ,  H01L31/1864 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/546 ,  Y02E10/548 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Laser pyrolysis reactor designs and corresponding reactant inlet nozzles are described to provide desirable particle quenching that is particularly suitable for the synthesis of elemental silicon particles. In particular, the nozzles can have a design to encourage nucleation and quenching with inert gas based on a significant flow of inert gas surrounding the reactant precursor flow and with a large inert entrainment flow effectively surrounding the reactant precursor and quench gas flows. Improved silicon nanoparticle inks are described that has silicon nanoparticles without any surface modification with organic compounds. The silicon ink properties can be engineered for particular printing applications, such as inkjet printing, gravure printing or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon nanoparticles.