Abstract:
An electron source of an X-ray fluorescence analyser comprises a photon source (201) and a photoelectric converter (203, 204) for converting photons into electrons. An electron multiplier (203, 204) multiplies the electrons, and a focusing element (206, 207) focuses them to a beam. A gastight casing (209) encloses the photoelectric converter and the electron multiplier (203, 204). An electron-transparent membrane (213) covers a first opening in the casing at a location where the focused electron beam is directed out of said casing.
Abstract:
A well-logging tool may include a sonde housing and a radiation generator carried by the sonde housing. The radiation generator may include a generator housing, a target carried by the generator housing, a charged particle source carried by the generator housing to direct charged particles at the target, and at least one voltage source coupled to the charged particle source. The at least one voltage source may include a voltage ladder comprising a plurality of voltage multiplication stages coupled in a uni-polar configuration, and at least one loading coil coupled at at least one intermediate position along the voltage ladder. The well-logging tool may further include at least one radiation detector carried by the sonde housing.
Abstract:
A cold electron number amplifier device can provide a greater number of electrons at lower electron emitter temperature. The cold electron number amplifier device can comprise an evacuated enclosure 11, a first electron emitter 12 attached to the evacuated enclosure 11, and an electrically conductive second electron emitter 13 also attached to the evacuated enclosure. The first electron emitter 12 can be configured to emit electrons 14 within the evacuated enclosure 11. The second electron emitter 13 can have a voltage V2 greater than a voltage V1 of the first electron emitter 12 (V2>V1). The second electron emitter 13 can be positioned to receive impinging electrons 14 from the first electron emitter 12. Electrons 14 from the first electron emitter 12 can impart energy to electrons in the second electron emitter 13 and cause the second electron emitter 13 to emit more electrons 15.