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    System and method for monitoring a stack gas
    91.
    发明授权
    System and method for monitoring a stack gas 失效
    用于监测烟气的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5621213A

    公开(公告)日：1997-04-15

    申请号：US499806

    申请日：1995-07-07

    Applicant: Yoav Barshad

    Inventor： Yoav Barshad

    IPC: G01N21/33 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/42

    CPC classification number: G01N21/33

    Abstract: A stack gas monitor system has an optimized gas flow portion which is permanently installed in a fossil fuel burning facility, and to which a spectrophotometric portion can be readily coupled for real-time determination in the system of a concentration of a first gas having a characteristic absorption spectrum and which is selectably introducible as a measured amount into a stack gas stream. A sample of the stack gas stream is flowing through the gas flow portion, with at least one gas of the sample stream having an absorption spectrum extending within an ultraviolet range of wavelengths of radiation and having absorbance values within this range which are higher than absorbance values of the first gas. The system can be purged and can be calibrated with the first gas. Stack gas blank data are obtained in the absence of the first gas. Composite gas data are provided upon introduction of the first gas into the stack gas. Absorbance values for the first gas in the composite gas are calculated, and first gas concentration levels are determined and are monitored on a periodic basis.

    Abstract translation: 堆叠气体监测系统具有优化的气体流动部分，其永久地安装在化石燃料燃烧设备中，并且分光光度部分可以容易地连接到该分光光度部分上以便系统中实时测定具有特征的第一气体的浓度 吸收光谱，并且其可选择地作为测量量引入到堆叠气流中。 堆气流的样品流过气流部分，其中样品流的至少一种气体具有在辐射波长的紫外范围内延伸的吸收光谱，并且在该范围内的吸光度值高于吸光度值 的第一种气体。 系统可以清洗，可以用第一种气体进行校准。 在不存在第一气体的情况下获得堆积气体空白数据。 当将第一气体引入到堆叠气体中时，提供复合气体数据。 计算复合气体中第一气体的吸光度值，并确定第一气体浓度水平并定期监测。

    Optical spectrometer for detecting spectra in separate ranges
    92.
    发明授权
    Optical spectrometer for detecting spectra in separate ranges 失效
    用于在不同范围内检测光谱的光谱仪

    公开(公告)号：US5565983A

    公开(公告)日：1996-10-15

    申请号：US451351

    申请日：1995-05-26

    Applicant: Thomas W. Barnard

    Inventor： Thomas W. Barnard

    IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/24 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G02B5/18

    CPC classification number: G02B27/4244 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/24 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G02B5/1814

    Abstract: A spectrometer includes a pair of crossed reflective gratings to effect a spectrally dispersed beam that is focussed to an array detector. The second grating is a plural grating with a surface formed of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has a groove density for effecting ultraviolet in the dispersed beam. The second portion has a groove density for effecting visible radiation in the dispersed beam. A shutter blocks or exposes the second portion of the grating surface so as to select the first spectral range or the second spectral range for detection. The plural grating surface preferably may be contoured to compensate for aberrations in focussing of the beam to the detector. A computer may be used for selecting spectral lines for analysis, particularly selecting such lines in the second range that are not interfered with by the first range.

    Abstract translation: 光谱仪包括一对交叉反射光栅，以实现聚焦于阵列检测器的光谱分散光束。 第二光栅是具有由第一部分和第二部分形成的表面的多个光栅。 第一部分具有用于在分散光束中实现紫外线的凹槽密度。 第二部分具有用于在分散光束中实现可见辐射的凹槽密度。 A快门阻挡或暴露光栅表面的第二部分，以便选择用于检测的第一光谱范围或第二光谱范围。 多个光栅表面优选地可以被轮廓化以补偿光束到检测器的聚焦中的像差。 可以使用计算机来选择用于分析的谱线，特别是在不受第一范围干扰的第二范围内选择这样的线。

    Continuous monochrometer drift compensation of a spectral monochromator
    95.
    发明授权
    Continuous monochrometer drift compensation of a spectral monochromator 失效
    光谱单色仪的连续单色仪漂移补偿

    公开(公告)号：US4916645A

    公开(公告)日：1990-04-10

    申请号：US201250

    申请日：1988-06-02

    Applicant: Charles E. Wuest ,  John B. Collins

    Inventor： Charles E. Wuest ,  John B. Collins

    IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/71 ,  G01N21/73 ,  G01N21/74

    CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J2003/063 ,  G01J2003/066 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01N21/73 ,  G01N21/74

    Abstract: Iterative compensation of drift of peak positions of spectral lines is effected in a spectral monochromator including a grating, a detector of spectral fractions of a spectral band, a stepper motor for varying relative orientation of the grating and the detector, and a computer. Computer-defined spectral windows each encopasses a spectral band and has an initial spectral center. Each window is scanned to determine a peak spectral position. Calculation is made for determining a spectral position error of the peak position from the initial center for each corresponding window. A functional average of the offsets for the peaks is calculated as a linear function of window position, and a revised spectral center for each window is calculated as being equal to the initial center plus the functional average for the window position determined from the linear function. Each window is shifted correspondingly. The step of successively scanning through each window is repeated to determine a new peak position for each corresponding band, whereby each new peak position is maintained near the spectral center of each corresponding window.

    Spectrograph for evaluating contamination of optical components in space
    96.
    发明授权
    Spectrograph for evaluating contamination of optical components in space 失效
    用于评估空间光学元件污染的光谱仪

    公开(公告)号：US4815842A

    公开(公告)日：1989-03-28

    申请号：US868798

    申请日：1986-05-29

    Applicant: Bruce K. Flint ,  Robert D. Fancy ,  Robert V. Jarratt, Jr.

    Inventor： Bruce K. Flint ,  Robert D. Fancy ,  Robert V. Jarratt, Jr.

    IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/33 ,  G01N21/13 ,  G01J3/32

    CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01N2021/1742 ,  G01N2021/335 ,  G01N2201/0415

    Abstract: A monochromatic spectrometer for evaluating contamination changes in the surface condition of lenses, reflectors and similar optical samples in the vacuum of a space mission includes a vacuum ultraviolet beam source redirected from a dispersion grating through a test station and reflected from a mirror to a photodetector. A rotatable carrier supports two or more optical samples, both transmissive and reflective and selectively positions one sample at a time at the test station so that the selected sample modifies the VUV beam according to its surface condition. The mirror is movable from a first position in which it reflects the beam transmitted through a sample to second position in which it reflects the beam reflected from a sample. The sample condition measured by the photodetector, the position of the rotatable carrier and mission elapsed time are recorded in a memory for re-transmission or later read out.

    Abstract translation: 用于评估空间任务的真空中的透镜，反射器和类似光学样品的表面状况的污染变化的单色光谱仪包括从分散光栅重新定向穿过测试台并从反射镜反射到光电检测器的真空紫外光束源。 可旋转载体支持透射和反射的两个或更多个光学样品，并且在测试台一次选择性地定位一个样品，使得所选择的样品根据其表面条件修改VUV光束。 反射镜可以从第一位置移动，在第一位置，反射通过样品的光束反射从样品反射的光束到第二位置。 由光电检测器测量的样品状态，可旋转载体的位置和任务经过时间被记录在用于再传输或稍后读出的存储器中。

    Device for optically detecting the presence or absence of an object on an optical path including a variable I-V characteristic circuit to effect in a positive feedback relationship between the radiation source and the radiation detector
    97.
    发明授权
    Device for optically detecting the presence or absence of an object on an optical path including a variable I-V characteristic circuit to effect in a positive feedback relationship between the radiation source and the radiation detector 失效
    用于光学检测包括可变I-V特性电路的光路上存在或不存在物体的装置，以在辐射源和辐射检测器之间产生正反馈关系

    公开(公告)号：US4808809A

    公开(公告)日：1989-02-28

    申请号：US935172

    申请日：1986-11-26

    Applicant: Wataru Hayakawa

    Inventor： Wataru Hayakawa

    IPC: G01S7/48 ,  G01D5/26 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01S17/02 ,  G01V8/12 ,  H03K17/78 ,  G01J1/32

    CPC classification number: G01V8/12

    Abstract: A detection system including a radiation source and a radiation detector wherein the output of the radiation detector is positively fed back to the radiation source through a variable voltage/current controlling unit thereby providing a rapid and reliable detection signal on the current path for supplying a current to the radiation source. The variable voltage/current controlling unit may be, for example a parallel connection of a Zener diode or resistor and a bipolar junction transistor or FET controlled by the current output from the radiation detector. The radiation source part and the radiation detector part can be electrically connected to reduce the number of lead wires.

    Abstract translation: 一种包括辐射源和辐射检测器的检测系统，其中辐射检测器的输出通过可变电压/电流控制单元被正确地反馈到辐射源，从而在电流路径上提供快速可靠的检测信号，以提供电流 到辐射源。 可变电压/电流控制单元可以是例如齐纳二极管或电阻器和由辐射检测器的电流输出控制的双极结型晶体管或FET的并联连接。 辐射源部分和辐射检测器部分可以电连接以减少导线的数量。

    Method and apparatus for determining parameters of gaseous substances
    98.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for determining parameters of gaseous substances 失效
    用于确定气态物质参数的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4790652A

    公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

    申请号：US30838

    申请日：1987-02-04

    Applicant: Leif Uneus ,  Svante Wallin

    Inventor： Leif Uneus ,  Svante Wallin

    IPC: G01D5/26 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J5/00 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01J5/58 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/32

    CPC classification number: G01N21/25 ,  G01D5/268 ,  G01J5/0014 ,  G01J5/0018 ,  G01J5/601 ,  G01J2003/2853 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N15/0205

    Abstract: A method for determining parameters, especially pressure, temperature, concentration, number of particles and particle size distribution, of gaseous substances present in combustion processes and other high temperature processes, comprises transmitting spectrally broad-band light through an object (2) of measurement, spectrally dividing the light transmitted through said object, and recording the spectral distribution of the light in the studied wavelength range a large number of times. Each recording occurs sequentially in that the spectrally divided light is swept relative to a one-channel detector and for such a short time that the total light intensity of the entire wavelength range is constant during each recording. After that, the mean value of said recorded spectral distributions is generated, and the required parameters are calculated on the basis of said mean value spectral distribution, the appearance of said means value spectral distribution, as well as spectra calculated or recorded for known conditions, being utilized for said calculation.An apparatus comprises means for carrying out the method.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / SE86 / 00282 Sec。 371日期1987年2月4日 102（e）1987年2月4日PCT PCT。1986年6月12日PCT公布。 出版物WO86 / 07455 日期：1986年12月18日。用于确定存在于燃烧过程和其它高温过程中的气态物质的参数，特别是压力，温度，浓度，颗粒数和粒度分布的方法包括：通过光谱宽带光 测量对象（2），对透过所述物体的光进行光谱分割，并且在所研究的波长范围内记录光的光谱分布多次。 每个记录顺序地发生，其中光谱分割的光相对于单通道检测器扫描，并且在每个记录期间整个波长范围的总光强度是恒定的这么短的时间。 之后，产生所述记录的光谱分布的平均值，并且基于所述平均值光谱分布，所述平均值光谱分布的出现以及针对已知条件计算或记录的光谱来计算所需参数， 用于所述计算。 一种装置包括用于执行该方法的装置。

    Spectrophotometer automatic adjustment for differences between nominal and actual wavelength settings
    99.
    发明授权
    Spectrophotometer automatic adjustment for differences between nominal and actual wavelength settings 失效
    分光光度计自动调节标称和实际波长设置之间的差异

    公开(公告)号：US4573793A

    公开(公告)日：1986-03-04

    申请号：US564889

    申请日：1983-12-23

    Applicant: Kikuo Sasaki

    Inventor： Kikuo Sasaki

    IPC: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/18

    CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J2003/2866

    Abstract: A spectrophotometer wherein in order to set the instrument to a designated wavelength, the monochromator is first set to the designated wavelength position intended to be as such on the monochromator, and the entrance and exit slits of the monochromator are widened so as to measure a beam of light having a spectrum with an emission line at the designated wavelength, and the sensitivity of the light measuring circuit is so adjusted that the output therefrom is kept at a predetermined constant level, and then the slits are narrowed, whereupon wavelength scanning is conducted over a range of wavelengths including the designated wavelength so as to detect a peak in the emission line spectrum, and then the dispersing element is set to the detected peak position.A microcomputer controls the above operation in a sequential manner.

    Abstract translation: 一种分光光度计，其中为了将仪器设定为指定的波长，单色仪首先被设置为在单色仪上预定为这样的指定波长位置，并且单色仪的入射和出射狭缝被加宽以便测量光束 具有在指定波长处具有发射线的光谱的光，并且调整光测量电路的灵敏度，使得其输出保持在预定的恒定水平，然后狭缝变窄，于是进行波长扫描 包括指定波长的波长范围，以便检测发射线光谱中的峰值，然后将分散元件设置为检测到的峰值位置。 微型计算机以顺序方式控制上述操作。

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