公开(公告)号：US4309604A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-05

申请号：US60189

申请日：1979-07-24

Applicant: Toshihumi Yoshikawa ,  Zempei Tani ,  Akira Aso ,  Hitoshi Kawanabe

Inventor： Toshihumi Yoshikawa ,  Zempei Tani ,  Akira Aso ,  Hitoshi Kawanabe

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G06K7/12 ,  H01L25/04 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/11 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/46 ,  H01L27/14

CPC classification number: H01L31/11 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G06K7/12 ,  H01L25/043 ,  H01L31/02019 ,  G01J2003/466 ,  G01J3/50 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/3011

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid state wavelength detection system responding to output signals derived from a photoelectric semiconductor device. The photoelectric semiconductor device comprise at least two PN junctions formed at different depth from the surface of the semiconductor substrate. A deeper PN junction develops an output signal related to longer wavelength component of the light impinging thereon. A shallower PN junction develops an output signal related to shorter wavelength component of the impinging light. These two output signals are logarithmically compressed and compared with each other. Difference of the logarithmically compressed output signals represents the wavelength information of the impinging light.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种响应于从光电半导体器件得到的输出信号的固态波长检测系统。 光电半导体器件包括形成在与半导体衬底的表面不同深度的至少两个PN结。 更深的PN结产生与其上的光的较长波长分量相关的输出信号。 较浅的PN结产生与入射光的较短波长分量有关的输出信号。 这两个输出信号被对数压缩并相互比较。 对数压缩输出信号的差异表示入射光的波长信息。

公开(公告)号：US4299487A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-10

申请号：US27099

申请日：1979-04-04

Applicant: Masayuki Sengoku ,  Tadashi Honkawa ,  Tadafumi Kuroishi ,  Ritsuo Komori

Inventor： Masayuki Sengoku ,  Tadashi Honkawa ,  Tadafumi Kuroishi ,  Ritsuo Komori

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/427 ,  G01N21/314

Abstract: A method of and device for analyzing one ingredient in a mixed solution with two light beams of different wavelengths are disclosed which include the following processes. A light beam from a light source are divided into a first light beam having a wavelength of .lambda..sub.1 and a second light beam having a wavelength of .lambda..sub.2. The wavelength .lambda..sub.1 is fixed, and .lambda..sub.2 is variable, for example, a scanning wavelength. Reference signals E.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and E.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) respectively corresponding to the fixed wavelength .lambda..sub.1 and the variable wavelength (.lambda..sub.2) are produced from photometric signals resulting from the passage of the first and second light beams through only a solvent. After having been normalized by the reference signals E.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and E.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.), the photometric signals Ib.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and Ib.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) resulting from the passage of the first and second light beams through a solution containing only a coexisting ingredient are converted into absorbance signals b.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and b.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.). These absorbance signals are held as a ratio indicating signal k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) =b.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) /b.sub..lambda..sbsb.1. After having been normalized by the reference signals E.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and E.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.), the photometric signals Ic.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and Ic.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) resulting from the passage of the first and second light beams through the mixed solution containing the coexisting ingredient and the ingredient to be analyzed are converted into absorbance signals C.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and C.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.). A product signal k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.).C.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 is produced from the absorbance signal C.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 and the ratio indicating signal k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.). A signal .DELTA.DS=a.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) -k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.).a.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 which can eliminate the influence of the coexisting ingredient, is produced from the absorbance signal C.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) and the product signal k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.).C.sub..lambda..sbsb.1. A signal .DELTA.S=a.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) /k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.) -a.sub..lambda..sbsb.1 which indicates the difference-absorbance spectrum of the ingredient to be analyzed, is produced from the signals .DELTA.DS and k.sub.(.lambda..sbsb.2.sub.).

公开(公告)号：US4167331A

公开(公告)日：1979-09-11

申请号：US752494

申请日：1976-12-20

Applicant: Larry L. Nielsen

Inventor： Larry L. Nielsen

IPC: A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/15 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/16

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  A61B5/14551 ,  G01J3/427

Abstract: Light of two different wavelengths is passed through or reflected from a member of the body so as to be modulated by the pulsatile blood flow therein. The amplitudes of the alternating current components of the logarithms of the respective light modulations are compared by taking their molecular extinction coefficients into account so as to yield the degree of oxygen saturation. By adding a third wavelength of light, the percentage of other absorbers in the blood stream such as a dye or carboxyhemoglobin can be measured. Fixed absorbers reduce the amount of light that passes through or is reflected from the body member by a constant amount and so have no effect on the amplitudes of the alternating current components that are used in making the measurements.

Abstract translation: 两个不同波长的光通过或从身体的一个成员反射，以便被其中的脉动血流调节。 通过考虑它们的分子消光系数来比较各光调制对数的交流分量的振幅，以产生氧饱和度。 通过添加第三波长的光，可以测量血液中其它吸收剂如染料或碳氧血红蛋白的百分比。 固定吸收器减少了通过或者从身体部件反射恒定量的光量，因此对用于进行测量的交流分量的振幅没有影响。

公开(公告)号：US4060327A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-29

申请号：US722944

申请日：1976-09-13

Applicant: Lawrence Jacobowitz ,  Einar S. Mathisen ,  Lawrence D. Thorp

Inventor： Lawrence Jacobowitz ,  Einar S. Mathisen ,  Lawrence D. Thorp

IPC: G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/12

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/0294

Abstract: A spectrophotometer includes an illumination section for illuminating a test sample, and a spectrometer portion for receiving light from a test sample and measuring the radiant energy thereof as a function of wavelength. The spectrometer includes an entrance slit and two stationary gratings for dispersing light admitted through the slit into two separate dispersed beams or spectra. The separate beams are focused upon linear arrays of photodiodes providing outputs proportional to the intensity of the light rays at the different wavelengths received thereby. The gratings produce different primary orders of dispersion so that the efficiency of operation thereof is relatively high across a relatively wide band of radiant energy.

Abstract translation: 分光光度计包括用于照射测试样品的照明部分和用于接收来自测试样品的光并且测量其作为波长的函数的辐射能的光谱仪部分。 光谱仪包括入口狭缝和两个固定光栅，用于将通过狭缝进入的光分散成两个分开的分散光束或光谱。 单独的光束聚焦在光电二极管的线性阵列上，提供与由其接收的不同波长的光线的强度成比例的输出。 光栅产生不同的一阶分散，使得其在相对较宽的辐射能量范围内的操作效率相对较高。

公开(公告)号：US4060326A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-29

申请号：US592727

申请日：1975-07-03

Applicant: Tiziano Tirabassi ,  Giorgio Giovanelli ,  Giulio Cesari ,  Ubaldo Bonafe ,  Ottavio Vittori Antisari

Inventor： Tiziano Tirabassi ,  Giorgio Giovanelli ,  Giulio Cesari ,  Ubaldo Bonafe ,  Ottavio Vittori Antisari

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/33

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical instrument for measuring concentrations of polluting gases on long and short geometric paths. The apparatus comprises a telescope for focussing a ray of light into a spectrometer, a comparison cell containing a known concentration of a polluting gas, control means and an electronic apparatus adapted to determine the concentration of the polluting gas in the analytical sample.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于测量长和短几何路径上的污染气体浓度的光学仪器。 该装置包括用于将光线聚焦到光谱仪中的望远镜，含有已知浓度的污染气体的比较池，控制装置和适于确定分析样品中污染气体浓度的电子设备。

公开(公告)号：US3940753A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-24

申请号：US505627

申请日：1974-09-13

Applicant: Peter Muller

Inventor： Peter Muller

IPC: G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G08B17/12 ,  G08B21/00

CPC classification number: G08B17/12

Abstract: At least two photoelectric sensors, sensitive to different spectral ranges of incident light, provide two sensed output signals; the relationship of the a-c components of the sensed output signals is evaluated, and it is determined if these a-c components fall within predetermined low frequency ranges, for example, 2 to 50 Hz, preferably 5 to 25 Hz; if so, a "flame present" signal is provided, for example to give a fire alarm, or to indicate that a burner is operating. Preferably, the relationship of the signals is such that a different signal is provided between one of the sensed signals and a fraction of the other, and conversely, and the sensitivity of the sensors is adjusted to have the same output signals at a predetermined color temperature, for example about 1,400.degree. K. Illumination signals incident on the sensors due to other sources than flames then are reliably eliminated while still providing the "flame present" signal upon coincidence of the appropriate difference signals, which coincidence preferably is determined by analyzing the phase relationships of the resulting difference signals in a phase comparator.

Abstract translation: 对入射光的不同光谱范围敏感的至少两个光电传感器提供两个感测到的输出信号; 评估感测输出信号的a-c分量的关系，并且确定这些a-c分量是否落在预定的低频范围内，例如2至50Hz，优选5至25Hz; 如果是这样，则提供“火焰存在”信号，例如发出火灾警报，或指示燃烧器正在操作。 优选地，信号的关系使得在感测信号之一和另一个之间提供不同的信号，相反地，并且传感器的灵敏度被调节为在预定色温下具有相同的输出信号 ，例如约1400°K，因为其他源而不是火焰入射到传感器上的照明信号被可靠地消除，同时在合适的差分信号一致时仍然提供“火焰存在”信号，优选地通过分析相位 所得差分信号在相位比较器中的关系。

公开(公告)号：US3799672A

公开(公告)日：1974-03-26

申请号：US28928772

申请日：1972-09-15

Applicant: US HEALTH EDUCATION & WELFARE

Inventor： VUREK G

IPC: G01J3/427 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/16 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01N21/3151

Abstract: A device for monitoring blood oxygen saturation during extracorporeal bypass procedures comprises a dual wavelength oximeter utilizing an infrared (905 nm) light-emitting diode and a visible red (655nm) light emitting diode to alternately illuminate blood as it flows through a plastic cuvet. The ratio of the infrared signal to the red signal received by a phototransistor is computed by a simple electro-optical feedback circuit, the ratio being linearly related to blood oxygen saturation over the range extending from 100 percent to below 40 percent.

Abstract translation: 用于在体外旁路过程中监测血氧饱和度的装置包括利用红外（905nm）发光二极管和可见红色（655nm）发光二极管的双波长血氧计，以在血液流过塑料杯时交替照射血液。 通过简单的电光反馈电路计算由光电晶体管接收的红外信号与红色信号的比率，该比率在从100％延伸到低于40％的范围内与血氧饱和度线性相关。

公开(公告)号：US3712738A

公开(公告)日：1973-01-23

申请号：US3712738D

申请日：1971-03-10

Applicant: SHIMADZU CORP

Inventor： YAMAMOTO H

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/427

Abstract: An illuminator system for use in a spectrophotometer by which the mode of operation can be easily changed in a simple manner. To this end, means for shielding either of the beams emerged from respective monochromatic beam generators and means for shielding, when said first mentioned means is in the inoperative condition, the other of said beams that has passed through the sector diaphragm. By operating the above mentioned two means, the double wavelength, single beam spectrophotometer can be used as a single wavelength dual beam spectrophotometer and vice versa.

Abstract translation: 一种用于分光光度计的照明器系统，通过该照明器系统可以简单地容易地改变操作模式。 为此，当所述第一提及的装置处于不工作状态时，屏蔽来自各个单色光束发生器的任何一个光束的装置和用于屏蔽的装置，已经通过扇形光阑的所述光束中的另一个。 通过操作上述两种方法，双波长单光束分光光度计可用作单波长双光束分光光度计，反之亦然。

公开(公告)号：US3676005A

公开(公告)日：1972-07-11

申请号：US3676005D

申请日：1971-03-17

Applicant: CHANCE BRITTON ,  JOHNSON RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Inventor： CHANCE BRITTON

IPC: G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/427

Abstract: A DUAL WAVELENGTH SPECTROPHOTOMETER FOR RECORDING REACTIONS IN TURBID SUSPENSIONS OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS, WHEREIN ONE OF THE INSPECTION WAVELENGTHS IS HELD CONSTANT AND THE OTHER INSPECTION WAVELENGTH IS CYCLICALLY VARIED OVER A RANGE OF THE ORDER OF 40 NM. AND AT A RATE OF THE ORDER OF 20 NM/SEC. A NOISE-COMPENSATING PHOTOMULTIPLIER IS INCLUDED TO COMPENSATE FOR LIGHT SOURCE NOISE. A TAPPED POTENTIOMETER IS EMPLOYED FOR BASE LINE CORRECTION, AND A COMPARATOR AND ERROR DETECTORIS EMPLOYED TO ADJUST THE PHOTOMULTIPLIER HIGH VOLTAGES FOR CORRECTING WAVELENGTH-DEPENDENT SENSITIVITY ERRORS.

公开(公告)号：US3661462A

公开(公告)日：1972-05-09

申请号：US3661462D

申请日：1970-04-23

Applicant: AGFA GEVAERT NV

Inventor： NATENS LUC YVES

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01N21/314

Abstract: The thickness and/or weight of a water-containing composition is measured by an infrared spectrophotometer wherein the attenuation of radient energy at a measuring wavelength which is substantially absorbed by the coating composition is compared with the attenuation of radient energy at a second reference wavelength not substantially absorbed by the coating composition.

Abstract translation: 含水组合物的厚度和/或重量通过红外分光光度计测量，其中将基本上被涂料组合物吸收的测量波长处的辐射能的衰减与第二参考波长处的辐射能的衰减进行比较 基本上被涂料组合物吸收。