公开(公告)号：US06878290B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-12

申请号：US10398320

申请日：2001-10-09

Applicant: Christophe Joussot-Dubien ,  Gérard Didier ,  Hubert-Alexandre Turc

Inventor： Christophe Joussot-Dubien ,  Gérard Didier ,  Hubert-Alexandre Turc

IPC: A62D3/20 ,  A62D101/20 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/02 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/02 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C02F1/74 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F1/72

CPC classification number: A62D3/20 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01F7/00908 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/0066 ,  B01J19/0073 ,  B01J19/02 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B01J19/1843 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00765 ,  B01J2219/00777 ,  B01J2219/00779 ,  B01J2219/0263 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  B01J2219/0286 ,  C02F1/74 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F11/086 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: A method and device for oxidization of materials in supercritical water. The method involves a) introducing a fluid containing water and an oxidizing agent in a ring-shaped area and through a first end of a substantially tube-shaped reactor comprising an external wall and an internal tube, b) heating the fluid in the ring-shaped area, c) introducing the heated fluid into the internal tube and simultaneously introducing material to be treated into said internal tube at a second end of the reactor, d) mixing the fluid and the material to be treated in a first portion of the internal tube, followed by cooling the obtained mixture in a second portion of the internal tube, and e) isobarically discharging the fluid/oxidized material from the internal tube of the reactor.

Abstract translation: 一种在超临界水中氧化材料的方法和装置。 该方法包括：a）将含有水和氧化剂的流体引入环形区域，并通过包含外壁和内管的基本管状的反应器的第一端，b） c）将加热的流体引入内管，同时在反应器的第二端将待处理的材料引入所述内管，d）将流体和被处理材料混合在内部的第一部分中 然后在所述内管的第二部分中冷却所获得的混合物，以及e）从所述反应器的内管中均匀地排出所述流体/氧化物质。

公开(公告)号：US20040254311A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-16

申请号：US10859162

申请日：2004-06-03

Inventor： Koichiro Matsuno

IPC: C08F002/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/0013 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J19/2465 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00099 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  B01J2219/00184 ,  B01J2219/00245

Abstract: A flow reactor for liquid-phase polymerization reaction, which enables controlling the degree of polymerization for, for example, amino acid polymerization, wherein the liquid reaction mixture containing the organic reactive molecules to be polymerized is emitted from a high-temperature high-pressure part (A) to a low-temperature high-pressure part (B) via a circulation line (C), whereby inhibiting the decomposition of the polymer product in the low-temperature high-pressure part (B), after which the polymer product is once again sent to the high-temperature high-pressure part (A) through the circulation line for further polymerization, and the same cycle is repeated.

Abstract translation: 一种用于液相聚合反应的流动反应器，其能够控制例如氨基酸聚合的聚合度，其中含有待聚合的有机反应性分子的液体反应混合物从高温高压部分 （A）通过循环管线（C）与低温高压部件（B）连接，从而抑制聚合物产物在低温高压部分（B）中的分解，之后聚合物产物 再通过循环管线再次送入高温高压部分（A）进一步聚合，重复相同的循环。

公开(公告)号：US06827919B1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-07

申请号：US09607126

申请日：2000-06-29

Applicant: David Moy ,  Asif Chishti

Inventor： David Moy ,  Asif Chishti

IPC: D01F912

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  D01F9/127 ,  D01F9/1278 ,  Y10S977/742 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/842 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/896

Abstract: A process for producing hollow, single-walled carbon nanotubes by catalytic decomposition of one or more gaseous carbon compounds by first forming a gas phase mixture carbon feed stock gas comprising one or more gaseous carbon compounds, each having one to six carbon atoms and only H, O, N, S or Cl as hetero atoms, optionally admixed with hydrogen, and a gas phase metal containing compound which is unstable under reaction conditions for said decomposition, and which forms a metal containing catalyst which acts as a decomposition catalyst under reaction conditions; and then conducting said decomposition reaction under decomposition reaction conditions, thereby producing said nanotubes.

Abstract translation: 一种通过一种或多种气态碳化合物的催化分解来制备中空单壁碳纳米管的方法，首先形成一种气相混合物碳原料气体，其包含一种或多种具有1-6个碳原子的气态碳化合物，并且仅H ，O，N，S或Cl作为杂原子，任选与氢混合，以及含有气相金属的化合物，在用于所述分解的反应条件下不稳定，并且在反应条件下形成用作分解催化剂的含金属催化剂 ; 然后在分解反应条件下进行所述分解反应，从而制备所述纳米管。

公开(公告)号：US20040166055A1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-26

申请号：US10373333

申请日：2003-02-24

Inventor： Michael J. Stickney ,  Edward M. Jones JR. ,  Mallasetty Sundacopa Chandrasekharaiah ,  Sudhir Kumar

IPC: C01B003/26

CPC classification number: B01J3/042 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/0053 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B2203/00 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/049 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/0805 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1282 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1628 ,  C01B2203/1676 ,  C01B2203/169

Abstract: A process is provided for conversion of a feedstock, in particular a hydrocarbon feedstock such as methane or natural gas, in which a reactive mixture containing the feedstock is prepared and fed to a reaction zone. A reaction is initiated in the reactive mixture within the reaction zone so as to generate a conversion wave of increased temperature and pressure. The conversion wave is allowed to pass through the reaction zone, from where converted feedstock is recovered. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also provided. The process operates with a high conversion and selectivity to desirable products and is particularly suitable for the conversion of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于转化原料，特别是烃原料如甲烷或天然气的方法，其中制备含有原料的反应混合物并将其进料至反应区。 在反应区内的反应混合物中开始反应，以产生升高的温度和压力的转化波。 允许转化波通过反应区，从其中回收转化的原料。 还提供了一种用于执行该过程的装置。 该方法以对所需产物的高转化率和选择性操作，并且特别适用于将甲烷转化为一氧化碳和氢气。

公开(公告)号：US20040144019A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-29

申请号：US10479755

申请日：2004-03-04

Inventor： Donald James Nicklin ,  Peter James Tait

IPC: E21C041/00 ,  B01J010/00 ,  C10L005/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/042 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J8/20 ,  B01J19/242 ,  B01J19/2425 ,  B01J2208/00176 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00557 ,  B01J2208/00663 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00038 ,  B01J2219/00083 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/0009 ,  B01J2219/00117 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/042 ,  C10L9/02

Abstract: A reactor system comprising two or more subterranean reactors for high pressure treatment of materials. The reactors each comprise an inlet tube, a reaction region and an out let tube and are deep enough for material in the inlet and outlet tubes to produce signifecant hydrostatic pressure. The reactors are adapted to exchange heat which may occur through a shared heat transferring wall or a heat exchanger including circulating liquid. The invention also extends to a method of simultaneously running two processes in the reactor system. The preferred processes are hydrothermal dewatering of coal, especially brown coal, and coal liquefaction wherein exothermic heat product of one process contributes to the heating requirements of the other process. The invention also extends to a method of hydrothermal dewatering of coal when conducted in a subterranean reactor in conditions of decreasing pressure.

Abstract translation: 包括用于高压处理材料的两个或更多个地下反应器的反应器系统。 反应器各自包括入口管，反应区和出管，并且对于入口管和出口管中的材料足够深以产生显着的静水压力。 反应器适于交换可通过共用传热壁或包括循环液体的热交换器发生的热量。 本发明还延伸到在反应器系统中同时运行两个方法的方法。 优选的方法是煤，特别是褐煤的水热脱水和煤液化，其中一个工艺的放热产物有助于另一个工艺的加热要求。 本发明还延伸到在降低压力的条件下在地下反应器中进行的热水脱水的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20040010098A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-15

申请号：US10433404

申请日：2003-06-20

Inventor： Georg Groos ,  Frank-Olaf Mahling ,  Andreas Daib ,  Dieter Littmann ,  Kasper Evertz

IPC: C08F002/00

CPC classification number: C08F10/02 ,  B01F5/0473 ,  B01F5/0656 ,  B01F2005/0017 ,  B01F2013/1091 ,  B01F2215/0049 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2208/00646 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  B01J2208/00946 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00121 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00772 ,  C08F2/01 ,  C08F2/00

Abstract: In a process for preparing polyethylene in tube reactors with or without autoclaves, where a free-radical initiator is introduced with or without cold ethylene into a flowing ethylene- and comonomer-containing medium, rotation is generated between two streams (61, 62) to be mixed at an angle (66) or by provision of a swirl element (20, 80) in the flow cross section (27, 28). In the region of a feed point (72, 81) for a free-radical initiator, there is provided a cross-sectional constriction (63, 67, 71) at which the free-radical initiator is introduced through an optimized off-center outlet opening (44) of an introduction finger (40) into the rotating flow (61, 62, 70).

Abstract translation: 在具有或不具有高压釜的管式反应器中制备聚乙烯的方法中，其中将自由基引发剂与或不与冷乙烯引入流动的含乙烯和共聚单体的介质中，在两个流（61,62）至 在流动横截面（27,28）中以一定角度（66）或通过设置旋流元件（20,80）进行混合。 在用于自由基引发剂的供给点（72,81）的区域中，提供了横截面缩颈（63,67,71），通过优化的偏心出口引入自由基引发剂 引导指（40）的开口（44）进入旋转流（61,62,70）。

公开(公告)号：US20030181632A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-25

申请号：US10258940

申请日：2002-10-29

Inventor： Frank-Olaf Mnullhling ,  Dieter Littmann ,  Andreas Daiss

IPC: C08G063/82

CPC classification number: B01J19/242 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J2208/00035 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/00056 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  C08F10/02 ,  C08F2400/02 ,  C08F2/001

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of ethylene homo- and ethylene co-polymers in the presence of radical polymerisation initiators and, optionally, molecular weight regulators in a tubular reactor with a hot water jacket and one or several reaction zones at pressures of 1000 to 4000 bar and temperatures of 120null C. to 350null C. The hot water jacket of each reaction zone is divided into two independently-controllable, separate, longitudinal sections and the water exit temperature from the tubular jacket of the first longitudinal section per reaction zone, extending between the point of initiator addition and 20 to 50% of the reaction zone length, is set to 180null C. to 210null C. and in the following second longitudinal section of said reaction zone the hot water exit temperature from the tube jacket is set to 140null C. to 180null C.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及在自由基聚合引发剂存在下连续生产乙烯均聚物和乙烯共聚物的方法，以及任选地，在具有热水套管和一个或多个反应区域的管式反应器中的分子量调节剂的压力 1000至4000巴，温度为120℃至350℃。每个反应区的热水套分为两个可独立控制的分开的纵向截面，并且第一纵向的管状护套的出水温度 在引发剂加入点和反应区长度的20〜50％之间延伸的每个反应区的截面设定为180℃至210℃，并且在所述反应区的随后的第二纵向段中，热水出口 管夹套的温度设定为140〜180℃。

公开(公告)号：US06444856B2

公开(公告)日：2002-09-03

申请号：US09867574

申请日：2001-05-31

Applicant: Armin Volker Grenacher ,  Hans-Georg Hein ,  Hans Stepp ,  Hans-Jürgen Fröhlich ,  Willi Schönmann ,  Gerhard Borchert

Inventor： Armin Volker Grenacher ,  Hans-Georg Hein ,  Hans Stepp ,  Hans-Jürgen Fröhlich ,  Willi Schönmann ,  Gerhard Borchert

IPC: C07C4550

CPC classification number: C07C45/50 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J4/007 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  C07C29/141 ,  C07C47/02 ,  C07C31/125

Abstract: In a process for preparing aldehydes and/or alcohols having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms by hydroformylation of olefins by means of synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst at from 120° C. to 210° C. and pressures of from 100 to 400 bar, a reaction mixture comprising olefins, synthesis gas and catalyst or catalyst precursor is, according to the present invention, introduced at high velocity into a high-pressure reactor via a nozzle having an adjustable flow cross section.

Abstract translation: 在通过在120℃至210℃的催化剂存在下通过合成气进行烯烃加氢甲酰化制备具有6至30个碳原子的醛和/或醇的方法和压力为100-400 根据本发明，包含烯烃，合成气和催化剂或催化剂前体的反应混合物通过具有可调流动横截面的喷嘴以高速引入高压反应器。

公开(公告)号：US20020002310A1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-03

申请号：US09867574

申请日：2001-05-31

Inventor： Armin Volker Grenacher ,  Hans-Georg Hein ,  Hans Stepp ,  Hans-Jurgen Frohlich ,  Willi Schonmann ,  Gerhard Borchert

IPC: C07C045/49 ,  C07C029/14

CPC classification number: C07C45/50 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J4/007 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  C07C29/141 ,  C07C47/02 ,  C07C31/125

Abstract: In a process for preparing aldehydes and/or alcohols having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms by hydroformylation of olefins by means of synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst at from 120null C. to 210null C. and pressures of from 100 to 400 bar, a reaction mixture comprising olefins, synthesis gas and catalyst or catalyst precursor is, according to the present invention, introduced at high velocity into a high-pressure reactor (10) via a nozzle (16) having an adjustable flow cross section.

Abstract translation: 在通过在120℃至210℃的催化剂存在下通过合成气进行烯烃加氢甲酰化制备具有6至30个碳原子的醛和/或醇的方法和压力为100-400 根据本发明，包含烯烃，合成气和催化剂或催化剂前体的反应混合物通过具有可调节流动横截面的喷嘴（16）以高速引入高压反应器（10）。

公开(公告)号：US6111035A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US993525

申请日：1997-12-18

Applicant: Akihiro Sakamoto ,  Shunyou Uesugi

Inventor： Akihiro Sakamoto ,  Shunyou Uesugi

IPC: B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C08F2/00 ,  C08F4/64 ,  C08F4/649 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C08F10/02 ,  C08F210/16 ,  C08F4/06 ,  C08F4/44

CPC classification number: C08F10/02 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  C08F210/16

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymerization process comprising feeding a monomer as a raw material, a polymerization catalyst, and optionally, an inert medium to a tubular reactor in a pressurized state; permitting a part of the raw material monomer and the inert medium fed to the reactor to form a gas phase and the remainder to form a liquid phase, so that both of the gas phase comprising the raw material monomer and/or the inert medium and the liquid phase comprising the raw material monomer and/or the inert medium are present in the reactor, wherein said liquid phase may contain a resulting polymer as a solid, and so that a gas-liquid separated flow or a gas-liquid-solid separated flow has the gas phase that is continuous in the direction of flow is formed in the reactor; and polymerizing the raw material monomer while carrying the liquid phase by the gas phase flow, wherein the ratio of a volume flow rate of the liquid phase to a volume flow rate of the gas phase at the outlet of the reactor is 0.00001 to 100,000. According to the polymerization process, polymerization can be accomplished with excellent thermal efficiency and small power energy, and besides various polymers almost free from restrictions on their properties such as viscosities and melting points can be produced.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种聚合方法，其包括将作为原料的单体，聚合催化剂和任选的惰性介质以加压状态进料到管式反应器中; 允许一部分原料单体和进料到反应器的惰性介质形成气相，其余部分形成液相，使得包含原料单体和/或惰性介质的气相和 包含原料单体和/或惰性介质的液相存在于反应器中，其中所述液相可以含有作为固体的所得聚合物，并且使得气液分离流或气 - 液 - 固分离流 在反应器中形成在流动方向上连续的气相; 并且通过气相流携带液相使原料单体聚合，其中液相的体积流量与反应器出口处的气相体积流量的比率为0.00001至100,000。 根据聚合方法，可以以优异的热效率和小功率能量实现聚合，并且可以制备几乎不受其粘度和熔点等性能的限制。