Abstract:
Contrary to conventional wisdom, which holds that light-emitting diodes (LEDs) should be cooled to increase efficiency, the LEDs disclosed herein are heated to increase efficiency. Heating an LED operating at low forward bias voltage (e.g., V
Abstract:
The present invention relates to mass spectrometry and infrared spectrometry and in particular, to a method of providing highly resolved infrared spectra of mass-selected, complex (e.g., biopolymer, polypeptide, organic chemical, an organometallic compound, a carbohydrate, a polynucleotide or oligonucleotide compound) ions to be obtained in a general fashion.
Abstract:
A measuring apparatus, comprising at least a first light source and a second light source for transmitting light; at least one light receiver for receiving light at least of a first received wavelength and a second received wavelength; at least one dispersing element for bending and/or refracting light; wherein the light transmitted by the light sources strikes the dispersing element and is so turned by the dispersing element that it strikes the light receiver. The first light source is arranged at a first angle relative to the dispersing element and the second light source at a second angle relative to the dispersing element, wherein the second angle differs from the first angle. The first angle is so embodied that the wavelength of the light turned by the dispersing element corresponds to the first received wavelength, and wherein the second angle is so embodied that the wavelength of the light turned by the dispersing element corresponds to the second received wavelength.
Abstract:
Cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy systems and methods for detecting trace gases using a resonance optical cavity, which contains a gas mixture to be analyzed, and a laser coupled to the cavity by optical feedback. The cavity has any of a variety of configurations with two or more mirrors, including for example a linear cavity, a v-shaped cavity and a ring optical cavity. The cavity will have multiple cavity resonant modes, or a comb of frequencies spaced apart, as determined by the parameters of the cavity, including the length of the cavity, as is well known. Systems and methods herein also allow for optimization of the cavity modes excited during a scan and/or the repetition rate.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a smart IV bag with a structurally integrated optical tag for IV drug identification and monitoring. The optical tag comprises a flow cell with a fluid channel in communication with the IV bag to sample a portion of the IV fluid onto an optical surface embedded in the flow cell. The optical surface causes a light beam to interact with the sampled IV fluid to produce a spectroscopic signal. The spectroscopic signal is then analyzed to obtain the content and concentration information of the IV fluid. Unlike traditional IV bag labels, the optical tag provides real-time, in-situ monitoring of IV fluid content and concentration, which greatly reduces the risk of mislabeling induced IV error.
Abstract:
In an embodiment, a dual-etalon cavity-ring-down frequency-comb spectrometer system is described. A broad band light source is split into two beams. One beam travels through a first etalon and a sample under test, while the other beam travels through a second etalon, and the two beams are recombined onto a single detector. If the free spectral ranges (“FSR”) of the two etalons are not identical, the interference pattern at the detector will consist of a series of beat frequencies. By monitoring these beat frequencies, optical frequencies where light is absorbed may be determined.
Abstract:
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a manufacturing technique capable of manufacturing a diffraction grating which is suitable for use in a spectrophotometer and has an apex angle of a convex portion of about 90° and can satisfy high diffraction efficiency and a low stray light amount. A method of manufacturing a diffraction grating, the method including: setting an exposure condition such that a sectional shape of a convex portion of a resist on a substrate, which has been formed by exposure, is an asymmetric triangle with respect to an opening portion shape of a mask having an opening portion with a periodic structure and an angle formed by a long side and a short side of the triangle is about 90°; and performing exposure.
Abstract:
A method and system comprising measuring concentrations of first and second isotopologues of a gas of interest within a first cavity that is sealably in contact with a soil location through an inlet membrane, and the first cavity being defined by chamber walls having openings covered by outlet membranes. Reference concentrations of the first and second isotopologues are measured in a second cavity having a closed bottom, the second cavity being defined by chamber walls having openings covered by more outlet membranes. Relative flux of the isotopologues can be calculated using the measured concentrations.
Abstract:
An example method of detecting components of a gas includes detecting substantially all components of a gas using distinct infrared wavelengths within a portion of the infrared spectrum, the portion being less than the entire infrared spectrum.
Abstract:
An optical module includes a wavelength variable interference filter having a fixed reflective film, a movable reflective film which faces the fixed reflective film with a gap between reflective films interposed therebetween, and an electrostatic actuator that changes the gap between reflective films, and a gap control unit that controls the electrostatic actuator. The gap control unit controls the electrostatic actuator on the basis of an order which is set in accordance with a wavelength to be measured, and changes the gap between the reflective films.