Abstract:
The present invention relates to a catalyst system comprising a procatalyst, a co-catalyst and an external electron donor, wherein the external electron donor comprises a compound having the structure according to Formula I: Si(L)n(OR11)4−n (Formula I), wherein, Si is a silicon atom with valency 4+; O is an oxygen atom with valency 2− and O is bonded to Si via the silicon-oxygen bond; n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; R11 is a selected from the group consisting of linear, branched and cyclic alkyl having at most 20 carbon atoms and aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; L is a group represented by Formula II wherein, L is bonded to the silicon atom via the nitrogen-silicon bond; L has a single substituent on the nitrogen atom, where this single substituent is an imine carbon atom; and X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom; a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements; a linear, branched and cyclic alkyl having at most 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and an aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.
Abstract:
In an embodiment: a method of making syngas in a metal reactor can comprise introducing carbon dioxide and hydrogen to the metal reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form the syngas, wherein the metal reactor comprises nickel and wherein the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are in physical contact with a wall of the metal reactor; and passivating the nickel with a sulfur containing compound.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst composition suitable for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes having 2-8 carbon atoms comprising silico-zinc aluminate, wherein the relative molar ratios of the elements comprised in said composition are represented by SixZn1-xAl2O4, wherein x stands for a number in the range from 0.003 to 0.76. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said catalyst composition, to a process for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes, preferably isobutane using said catalyst and to the use of said catalyst in a process for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a catalyst system comprising a procatalyst, a co-catalyst and an external electron donor, wherein the external electron donor comprises a compound having the structure according to Formula I: Si(L)n(OR11)4-n (Formula I), wherein, Si is a silicon atom with valency 4+; O is an oxygen atom with valency 2− and O is bonded to Si via the silicon-oxygen bond; n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; R11 is a selected from the group consisting of linear, branched and cyclic alkyl having at most 20 carbon atoms and aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; L is a group represented by (Formula II), wherein, L is bonded to the silicon atom via the nitrogen-silicon bond; L has a single substituent on the nitrogen atom, where this single substituent is an imine carbon atom; and X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom; a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements; a linear, branched and cyclic alkyl having at most 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and an aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 7 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.
Abstract:
The present disclosures and inventions relate to a method comprising: a) introducing a natural gas; b) reforming the natural gas; wherein the reforming step comprises contacting the natural gas with steam to produce a syngas; c) converting the syngas to a product mixture comprising at least one olefin and a byproduct comprising a paraffin and a gasoline; wherein the converting step comprises contacting the syngas with a Co/Mn catalyst; and d) converting the byproduct to syngas.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a chemical composition comprising an aromatic compound a in a concentration B by weight, based on the total weight of the chemical composition, including: providing the following reaction components: a chemical composition comprising the following: the aromatic compound a in a concentration A by weight based on the total weight of the chemical composition, and an olefin in an amount of about 50 to about 99.99 wt. %, based on the total weight of the chemical composition, and an acidic solid; reacting the components to obtain the chemical composition comprising the aromatic compound a in a concentration B by weight based on the total weight of the chemical composition; wherein the concentration B is less than the concentration A.
Abstract:
A pre-formation unit, includes: a first vessel comprising a solution of co-catalyst and modifier; a second vessel comprising chromium compound and ligand; wherein the first and second vessel are connected via lines to a mixing unit, wherein each line has a flow control valve; wherein the mixing unit is connected via a line having a flow control valve to an oligomerization reactor; wherein gas inlets are each connected to the first vessel and to the second vessel, and wherein a portion of each of the first vessel, the second vessel, the mixing unit, and the flow control valves are within a temperature controlled enclosure.
Abstract:
A process for converting hydrocarbons originating from refinery operations such as atmospheric distillation unit or a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCC), into lighter boiling hydrocracked hydrocarbons having a boiling point lower than naphthalene and lower.
Abstract:
A process for preparing a catalyst component, including: contacting a compound R9zMgX2-z wherein R9 is aromatic, aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, X is a halide, and z is larger than 0 and smaller than 2, with an alkoxy- or aryloxy-containing silane compound to give a first intermediate reaction product; contacting the first intermediate reaction product with at least one activating compound selected electron donors, compounds of formula M(OR10)v-w(OR11)w, wherein M is Ti, Zr, Hf, Al or Si, and M(OR10)v-w(R11)w wherein M is Si, each R10 and R11, independently, represent an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group, v is the valency of M, v is 3 or 4, and w is less than v, to give a second intermediate reaction product; and contacting the second intermediate reaction product with a halogen-containing Ti-compound, a monoester as activating agent, and a 1,3-diether as an internal electron donor.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition and a process for di-, tri- and/or tetramerization of ethylene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound, a ligand of the general structure R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—PR6R7, or any cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPNP-unit is member of a ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of the ligand by substitution, and a co-catalyst or activator.
Abstract translation:一种催化剂组合物和乙烯的二,三和/或四聚的方法,其中催化剂组合物包含铬化合物,通式结构R1R2P-N(R3)-P(R4)-N(R5)的配体, -PR 6 R 7或其任何环状衍生物,其中PNPNP单元的P或N原子中的至少一个是环系的成员,所述环系由配体的一种或多种构成化合物通过取代形成,并且 助催化剂或活化剂。