公开(公告)号：US08148579B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-03

申请号：US12452030

申请日：2008-06-12

Applicant: David Bradin

Inventor： David Bradin

IPC: C07C45/00 ,  C12P7/00

CPC classification number: C07C49/04 ,  C07C29/143 ,  C07C31/125 ,  C07C45/48 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L10/10 ,  C12P7/26 ,  C12P7/52 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  C07C31/08

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for forming heptan-4-one, and, optionally, heptan-4-ol, from fermentable sugars. The sugars are fermented using a bacteria or yeast that predominantly forms butyric acid. The butyric acid is subjected to catalytic ketonization conditions to form heptan-4-one, with concomitant loss of water and carbon dioxide. The heptan-4-one can be subjected to catalytic hydrogenation to form heptan-4-ol, an either of these can be included in gasoline compositions. In one aspect, the fermentable sugars are derived from lignocellulosic materials such as wood products, switchgrass, or agricultural wastes, which are delignified to form lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The cellulose and hemicellulose can be depolymerized to form glycose and xylose, either or both of which can be fermented by the bacteria. Thus, the methods described herein can convert biomass to a fuel composition or fuel additive, which can be used in a conventional gasoline engine, unlike traditional fuels such as ethanol or biodiesel.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于从可发酵糖形成庚-4-酮和任选的庚-4-醇的方法。 使用主要形成丁酸的细菌或酵母发酵糖。 将丁酸经受催化酮化条件以形成庚-4-酮，伴随着水和二氧化碳的损失。 庚-4-酮可以进行催化氢化以形成庚-4-醇，其中任何一种都可以包含在汽油组合物中。 一方面，可发酵糖衍生自木质纤维素材料，如木制品，柳枝稷或农业废弃物，木质纤维素材料被脱木质素形成木质素，纤维素和半纤维素。 纤维素和半纤维素可以解聚形成糖和木糖，其中一种或两种都可以被细菌发酵。 因此，本文所述的方法可将生物质转化成可用于常规汽油发动机中的燃料组合物或燃料添加剂，其不同于传统燃料如乙醇或生物柴油。

公开(公告)号：US20120000116A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-05

申请号：US12830325

申请日：2010-07-04

Applicant: Pedro Brito Correia

Inventor： Pedro Brito Correia

IPC: C10L1/185

CPC classification number: C10L1/1857 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/44 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L2200/0254 ,  C10L2200/0423 ,  C10L2200/0446 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2270/02 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: The product Biofuel is presented as a motor fuel consisting of levoglucosone pure or mixed with ethanol and or hydrocarbons.Its production process from cellulose or starch uses in the first step, as a solvent and catalyst, a mixture of an alkyl alcohol, the ionic liquid N-alkyl imidazole hydrochloride and a small quantity of 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid.In the second step, levoglucosone is extracted with butanol. As butanol also extracts some N-alkyl imidazole, this is washed out by extraction with hydrochloric acid.Levoglucosone was identified by elemental analysis, NMR C13 and H and GC-MS.

Abstract translation: 该产品生物燃料作为由左旋葡萄糖酮纯化或与乙醇和/或碳氢化合物混合的运动燃料提供。 其纤维素或淀粉的生产方法在第一步中用作溶剂和催化剂，烷基醇，离子液体N-烷基咪唑盐酸盐和少量37％浓盐酸的混合物。 在第二步中，用丁醇萃取左旋葡萄糖。 正丁醇也提取一些N-烷基咪唑，用盐酸萃取洗涤。 通过元素分析，NMR C13和H和GC-MS鉴定了左旋葡萄糖酮。

公开(公告)号：US08071513B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-06

申请号：US12747236

申请日：2008-12-18

Applicant: Ronald J. Sloan

Inventor： Ronald J. Sloan

IPC: C10M169/04

CPC classification number: C10M111/04 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/209 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L2300/20 ,  C10M141/08 ,  C10M169/04 ,  C10M169/042 ,  C10M169/045 ,  C10M2203/022 ,  C10M2203/10 ,  C10M2203/1006 ,  C10M2203/102 ,  C10M2203/1025 ,  C10M2203/104 ,  C10M2203/1045 ,  C10M2205/028 ,  C10M2205/0285 ,  C10M2207/08 ,  C10M2211/00 ,  C10M2211/08 ,  C10M2211/083 ,  C10M2213/062 ,  C10M2213/0623 ,  C10M2219/044 ,  C10M2219/046 ,  C10N2220/022 ,  C10N2230/02 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2230/12 ,  C10N2230/34 ,  C10N2230/60 ,  C10N2240/00 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  C10N2240/201 ,  C10N2240/202 ,  C10N2270/00 ,  C10N2210/02

Abstract: A penetrating lubricant with the capacity to offer a both penetration into rust and corrosion. Further, this lubricant actively penetrates the crystalline surface of the metal while exhibiting extreme pressure lubrication, non-migrating with lasting protection. Further lubricant exhibits dielectric strength of over 8000 volts, at the same time cleaning electrical contacts, thereby reducing resistance and associated heat. The preferred embodiment contains alpha-olefins, low-odor aromatic solvents, base oils, and high flash mineral spirits.

Abstract translation: 具有渗透性的润滑剂，具有渗透到生锈和腐蚀中的能力。 此外，这种润滑剂主动渗透金属的结晶表面，同时表现出极压润滑，不会持续保护。 另外的润滑剂表现出超过8000伏特的介电强度，同时清洁电触点，从而降低电阻和相关的热量。 优选的实施方案包含α-烯烃，低气味芳族溶剂，基础油和高闪蒸矿物油。

公开(公告)号：US08062389B2

公开(公告)日：2011-11-22

申请号：US11704108

申请日：2007-02-08

Applicant: Thomas J. Pisklak ,  Kenneth J. Balkus, Jr.

Inventor： Thomas J. Pisklak ,  Kenneth J. Balkus, Jr.

IPC: C10L1/18

CPC classification number: F23D3/02 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1266 ,  C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/1811 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1905 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/305 ,  F23D3/40 ,  F23D2900/03081

Abstract: Low vapor pressure compound-based fuels are provided. These fuels are useful in catalytic burner systems that can be used to disperse fragrances, insecticides, insect repellants (e.g., citronella), aromatherapy compounds, medicinal compounds, deodorizing compounds, disinfectant compositions, fungicides and herbicides.

Abstract translation: 提供低蒸气压化合物燃料。 这些燃料可用于可用于分散香料，杀虫剂，驱虫剂（例如香茅），芳香疗法化合物，药用化合物，除臭化合物，消毒剂组合物，杀真菌剂和除草剂的催化燃烧器系统。

公开(公告)号：US20110282079A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-17

申请号：US12930602

申请日：2011-01-11

Applicant: Ayusman Sen ,  Weiran Yang

Inventor： Ayusman Sen ,  Weiran Yang

IPC: C07D307/50

CPC classification number: C10L1/1857 ,  C07D307/50 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/1855 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacture of hydrocarbon fuels and oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels such as alkyl substituted tetrahydrofurans such as 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 5-methylfurfural and mixtures thereof. The method generally entails forming a mixture of reactants that includes carbonaceous material, water, a metal catalyst and an acid reacting that mixture in the presence of hydrogen. The reaction is performed at a temperature and for a time sufficient to produce a furan type hydrocarbon fuel. The process may be adapted to provide continuous manufacture of hydrocarbon fuels such as a furan type fuel.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及烃燃料和含氧烃燃料如烷基取代的四氢呋喃如2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃，2-甲基四氢呋喃，5-甲基糠醛及其混合物的制备方法。 该方法通常需要形成包含碳质材料，水，金属催化剂和在氢存在下与该混合物反应的酸的反应物的混合物。 反应在足以产生呋喃型烃燃料的温度和时间下进行。 该方法可以适于提供烃燃料例如呋喃型燃料的连续制造。

公开(公告)号：US20110257448A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-20

申请号：US13157247

申请日：2011-06-09

Applicant: Randy D. Cortright ,  Paul G. Blommel

Inventor： Randy D. Cortright ,  Paul G. Blommel

IPC: C07C9/00 ,  C07C1/207

CPC classification number: C10L1/06 ,  C07C1/20 ,  C07C2/86 ,  C07C29/60 ,  C07C45/57 ,  C07D307/08 ,  C10G3/44 ,  C10G3/45 ,  C10G3/46 ,  C10G3/47 ,  C10G3/49 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G3/52 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/4006 ,  C10G2300/4012 ,  C10G2300/42 ,  C10G2300/807 ,  C10G2400/22 ,  C10G2400/30 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L2200/0423 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2270/023 ,  C10L2290/543 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: Processes and reactor systems are provided for the conversion of oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols useful as liquid fuels, such as gasoline, jet fuel or diesel fuel, and industrial chemicals. The process involves the conversion of mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons to aromatics and gasonline range hydrocarbons where the oxygenated hydrocarbons are derived from biomass.

Abstract translation: 提供的方法和反应器系统用于将含氧烃转化为可用作液体燃料的烃，酮和醇，例如汽油，喷气燃料或柴油，以及工业化学品。 该方法包括将单氧化烃转化为芳族化合物和气相线性烃类，其中含氧烃源自生物质。

公开(公告)号：US07939584B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-10

申请号：US11451741

申请日：2006-06-13

Applicant: Jeffery R. Harris ,  Lu Chien Chou ,  George G. Ramsay ,  John F. Motier ,  Nagesh S. Kommareddi ,  Thomas Mathew

Inventor： Jeffery R. Harris ,  Lu Chien Chou ,  George G. Ramsay ,  John F. Motier ,  Nagesh S. Kommareddi ,  Thomas Mathew

IPC: B05D5/08 ,  C08J5/16 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C08F10/00

CPC classification number: C10M171/06 ,  C09K8/035 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/165 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1963 ,  C10L1/1973 ,  C10L1/207 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/14 ,  C10L2300/20 ,  C10M143/00 ,  C10N2230/00 ,  F17D1/16 ,  F17D1/17

Abstract: Drag reduction of hydrocarbon fluids flowing through pipelines of various lengths is improved by polyolefin drag reducer dispersions or dispersions using bi- or multi-modal particle size distributions. Drag reducers having larger particle sizes dissolve more slowly than drag reducers having smaller particle sizes. By using at least bi-modal particle size distributions drag reduction can be distributed more uniformly over the length of the pipeline where smaller sized particles dissolve sooner or earlier in the pipeline and larger sized particles dissolve later or further along the pipeline.

Abstract translation: 通过使用双模式或多模态粒度分布的聚烯烃阻滞剂分散体或分散体，改善流过各种长度管道的烃流体的减阻。 具有较大颗粒尺寸的减阻剂比具有较小粒径的减阻剂溶解得更慢。 通过使用至少双模式粒度分布，可以在管道的长度上更均匀地分布阻力减小，其中较小尺寸的颗粒在管道中较早或早期溶解，并且较大尺寸的颗粒在管道之后或之后溶解。

公开(公告)号：US07846223B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-07

申请号：US11972860

申请日：2008-01-11

Applicant: Diego A. Ruiz

Inventor： Diego A. Ruiz

IPC: C10L1/18

CPC classification number: C10L10/08 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/19

Abstract: A fuel additive that provides increased fuel efficiency for combustion engines. The fuel additive is a combination of a synthetic oil blend, xylene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and acetone. In one particular implementation, the amount of acetone is equal to at least 15% of an overall volume of the additive.

Abstract translation: 燃料添加剂，为燃烧发动机提供更高的燃油效率。 燃料添加剂是合成油混合物，二甲苯，乙酸甲酯，乙酸乙酯和丙酮的组合。 在一个具体实施方案中，丙酮的量等于添加剂的总体积的至少15％。

公开(公告)号：US20100137647A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-03

申请号：US12452030

申请日：2008-06-12

Applicant: David Bradin

Inventor： David Bradin

IPC: C07C49/04 ,  C12P7/26 ,  C12P7/04 ,  C07C31/02

CPC classification number: C07C49/04 ,  C07C29/143 ,  C07C31/125 ,  C07C45/48 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L10/10 ,  C12P7/26 ,  C12P7/52 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  C07C31/08

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for forming heptan-4-one, and, optionally, heptan-4-ol, from fermentable sugars. The sugars are fermented using a bacteria or yeast that predominantly forms butyric acid. The butyric acid is subjected to catalytic ketonization conditions to form heptan-4-one, with concomitant loss of water and carbon dioxide. The heptan-4-one can be subjected to catalytic hydrogenation to form heptan-4-ol, an either of these can be included in gasoline compositions. In one aspect, the fermentable sugars are derived from lignocellulosic materials such as wood products, switchgrass, or agricultural wastes, which are delignified to form lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The cellulose and hemicellulose can be depolymerized to form glycose and xylose, either or both of which can be fermented by the bacteria. Thus, the methods described herein can convert biomass to a fuel composition or fuel additive, which can be used in a conventional gasoline engine, unlike traditional fuels such as ethanol or biodiesel.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于从可发酵糖形成庚-4-酮和任选的庚-4-醇的方法。 使用主要形成丁酸的细菌或酵母发酵糖。 将丁酸经受催化酮化条件以形成庚-4-酮，伴随着水和二氧化碳的损失。 庚-4-酮可以进行催化氢化以形成庚-4-醇，其中任何一种都可以包含在汽油组合物中。 一方面，可发酵糖衍生自木质纤维素材料，如木制品，柳枝稷或农业废弃物，木质纤维素材料被脱木质素形成木质素，纤维素和半纤维素。 纤维素和半纤维素可以解聚形成糖和木糖，其中一种或两种都可以被细菌发酵。 因此，本文所述的方法可将生物质转化成可用于常规汽油发动机中的燃料组合物或燃料添加剂，其不同于传统燃料如乙醇或生物柴油。

公开(公告)号：US20100000146A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-07

申请号：US12523253

申请日：2008-01-11

Applicant: Michael Dirk Boot

Inventor： Michael Dirk Boot

IPC: C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/185 ,  C10L1/182

CPC classification number: C10L10/06 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L10/02 ,  Y02E50/13

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid fuel composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and a cyclic hydrocarbon compound that suppresses the emission of soot particulates. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing the emission of soot particulates in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. It is desirable for the cyclic hydrocarbon compound to contain one or more oxygen atoms.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种液体燃料组合物，其包含烃和环状烃化合物的混合物，其抑制烟灰颗粒的排放。 本发明还涉及一种用于减少内燃机废气中烟灰颗粒的排放的方法。 环状烃化合物优选含有一个以上的氧原子。