Abstract:
The invention relates to an electrodeless high frequency gas discharge lamp according to the induction principle that, as a result of its design and construction, shows particularly low electromagnetic interference with a simultaneous increase in light efficiency. The gas discharge lamp according to the invention owes these advantageous properties on the one hand to the high coupling factor between the discharge current and the exciting current and, on the other hand, to the essentially homogeneous field conditions in the discharge vessel, which has been achieved by designing the discharge vessel to take the form of a hollow cylindrical ring which is seated directly over the exciter winding that extends over the entire length of the discharge vessel on a fully-closed, highly-permeable ferrite core.
Abstract:
It is an object of the present invention to provide an image display apparatus in which the change over time of its electron source characteristics is small, and in which uneven brightness and color shift of an image is almost unnoticeable. To achieve this object, the present invention is directed to an image display apparatus containing an electron source substrate having a plurality of electron-emitting devices arrayed thereon, an image forming substrate arranged so as to face the electron source substrate and having a phosphor film and an anode electrode film, and magnetic field generating means, wherein a component parallel to the electron source substrate of a magnetic flux density of a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means is not greater than 0.01 Tesla at any location of the electron-emitting devices.
Abstract:
It is an object of the present invention to provide an image display apparatus in which the change over time of its electron source characteristics is small, and in which uneven brightness and color shift of an image is almost unnoticeable. To achieve this object, the present invention is directed to an image display apparatus containing an electron source substrate having a plurality of electron-emitting devices arrayed thereon, an image forming substrate arranged so as to face the electron source substrate and having a phosphor film and an anode electrode film, and magnetic field generating means, wherein a component parallel to the electron source substrate of a magnetic flux density of a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means is not greater than 0.01 Tesla at any location of the electron-emitting devices.
Abstract:
A tool for removing a broken incandescent light bulb has a handle with a head projecting therefrom and preferably a resilient gripping member which snugly enshrouds the head, to frictionally engage an inner wall of the base of a broken light bulb such that when the tool is rotated the base can be dislodged from a light bulb socket. In a preferred embodiment a collar with stiffening ribs surrounds the tool, positioned to protect the user's hand from falling shards of glass. In a further preferred embodiment an accessory tool having one or more heads of different sizes is adapted to fit within a hollow end of the handle.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam exposure method for deflecting a charged particle beam in a deflection system which includes electromagnetic deflection coils, includes the steps of (a) controlling the deflection system based on deflection data, and (b) generating heat at least a vicinity of the electromagnetic deflection coils so as to compensate for a change in heat generated from the electromagnetic deflection coils.
Abstract:
Deflection apparatus is shown for high perveance ion beams, operating at 20 Hz fundamental and substantially higher order harmonics, having a magnetic structure formed of laminations with thickness in range between 0.2 and 1 millimeter. Additionally, a compensator is shown with similar laminated structures with resonant excitation circuit, operating at 20 Hz or higher, in phase locked relationship with the frequency of the previously deflected beam. Furthermore, features are shown which have broader applicability to producing strong magnetic field in magnetic gap. Among the numerous important features shown are special laminated magnetic structures, including different sets of crosswise laminations in which the field in one lamination of one set is distributed into multiplicity of laminations of the other set of coil-form structures, field detection means and feedback control system, cooling plate attached in thermal contact with number of lamination layers. Surfaces on the entry and exit sides of the compensator magnetic structure have cooperatively selected shapes to increase the length of path exposed to the force field dependently with deflection angle to compensate for contribution to deflection angle caused by higher order components. The entry and exit surfaces of the magnetic scanner and compensator structures cooperating to produce desired beam profile and desired limit on angular deviation of ions within the beam. Also shown is an accelerator comprising a set of accelerator electrodes having slotted apertures, a suppressor electrode at the exit of the electrostatic accelerator, a post-accelerator analyzer magnet having means for adjusting the angle of incidence by laterally moving the post-accelerator analyzer magnet, and a magnet to eliminate aberration created by the post-accelerator analyzer magnet. In the case of use of a spinning substrate carrier for scanning in one dimension, the excitation wave form of the scanner relates changes in scan velocity in inverse dependence with changes in the radial distance of an implant point from the rotation axis. Also an oxygen implantation method is shown with 50 mA ion beam current, the ion beam energy above 100 KeV, and the angular velocity of a rotating carrier above 50 rpm.
Abstract:
An electron beam exposure system comprises a beam source for producing and directing an electron beam along an optical axis, an evacuated column for accommodating the beam source and extending along the optical axis, an electron lens for focusing the electron beam on a substrate; and an electromagnetic deflector supplied with a control signal for deflecting the electron beam in response to the control signal. The electromagnetic deflector comprises an inner sleeve surrounding the evacuated column, first and second mutually separate windings provided on an outer surface of the inner sleeve in opposed relationship with respect to each other across the optical axis, an outer sleeve surrounding the inner sleeve with a separation therebetween defining a passageway for the flow of a coolant therethrough; third and fourth, mutually separate windings provided on an inner surface of the outer sleeve in opposed relationship with respect to each other across the optical axis, an inlet for introducing the coolant into the passageway, and an outlet for exiting the coolant from the passageway.
Abstract:
A system for scanning a beam of charged-particles across a target is described which compensates for energy dispersion in the beam. A time-varying magnet with circular pole pieces is used to sweep the beam left to right. Two wedge-shaped magnet dipoles, one on each side of the center line are used to bend the beam parallel to the center line and compensate for beam energy dispersion.
Abstract:
A first order achromatic magnetic deflection system for use in conjunction with a charged particle accelerator is realized from a stepped gap magnet wherein charged particles propagating through the system are subject to at least two adjacent homogeneous magnetic fields in adjacent regions (54 and 56) in traversing one-half of a symmetric trajectory through the system. A quadrupole singlet element Q disposed substantially at the entrance plane of such a symmetric system makes possible the coincidence of the waists of the beam in both the vertical (transverse) and (radial) bending planes.
Abstract:
A magnetically focussed beam power tube having an anode provided with means for suppressing secondary emission, which means comprises Faraday cage-type cavity structures having magnetic shielding for providing substantially magnetic-free regions within the cavities.