公开(公告)号：US07573202B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-11

申请号：US10958175

申请日：2004-10-04

Applicant: J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park

Inventor： J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park

IPC: H01J17/04 ,  H01J61/04

CPC classification number: H01J17/066 ,  H01J1/025

Abstract: A microdischarge device that includes one or more electrodes encapsulated in a nanoporous dielectric. The devices include a first electrode encapsulated in the nanoporous dielectric and a second electrode that may also be encapsulated with the dielectric. The electrodes are configured to ignite a microdischarge in a microcavity when an AC or a pulsed DC excitation potential is applied between the first and second electrodes. The devices include linear and planar arrays of microdischarge devices. The microcavities in the planar arrays may be selectively excited for display applications.

Abstract translation: 一种微放电器件，其包括封装在纳米多孔电介质中的一个或多个电极。 这些器件包括封装在纳米多孔电介质中的第一电极和也可以用电介质封装的第二电极。 当在第一和第二电极之间施加AC或脉冲DC激发电位时，电极被配置为点燃微腔中的微放电。 这些器件包括微放电器件的线性和平面阵列。 平面阵列中的微腔可以被选择性地激发用于显示应用。

公开(公告)号：US20090058305A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US12202252

申请日：2008-08-30

Applicant: Richard R. Hofer ,  Dan M. Goebel ,  Ronnie M. Watkins

Inventor： Richard R. Hofer ,  Dan M. Goebel ,  Ronnie M. Watkins

IPC: H05B31/26

CPC classification number: H01J1/025 ,  B64G1/405 ,  F03H1/0025 ,  H01J3/027

Abstract: An apparatus and method for achieving an efficient central cathode in a Hall effect thruster is disclosed. A hollow insert disposed inside the end of a hollow conductive cathode comprises a rare-earth element and energized to emit electrons from an inner surface. The cathode employs an end opening having an area at least as large as the internal cross sectional area of the rare earth insert to enhance throughput from the cathode end. In addition, the cathode employs a high aspect ratio geometry based on the cathode length to width which mitigates heat transfer from the end. A gas flow through the cathode and insert may be impinged by the emitted electrons to yield a plasma. One or more optional auxiliary gas feeds may also be employed between the cathode and keeper wall and external to the keeper near the outlet.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种在霍尔效应推进器中实现高效中心阴极的装置和方法。 设置在中空导电阴极的端部内部的中空插入件包括稀土元素并被激发以从内表面发射电子。 阴极采用具有至少与稀土插入件的内部横截面面积相同的面积的端部开口，以增加从阴极端部的通过量。 此外，阴极采用基于阴极长度至宽度的高纵横比几何形状，其减小了端部的热传递。 通过阴极和插入件的气体流可以被发射的电子撞击以产生等离子体。 还可以在阴极和保持器壁之间使用一个或多个可选的辅助气体进料并且在出口附近的保持器的外部。

公开(公告)号：US07477017B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-13

申请号：US11042228

申请日：2005-01-25

Applicant: J. Gary Eden ,  Kuo-Feng Chen ,  Nels P. Ostrom ,  Sung-Jin Park

Inventor： J. Gary Eden ,  Kuo-Feng Chen ,  Nels P. Ostrom ,  Sung-Jin Park

IPC: H01J17/49

CPC classification number: H01J61/09 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J17/066 ,  H01J37/32018 ,  H01J37/32596 ,  H01J65/046

Abstract: A method for fabricating microcavity discharge devices and arrays of devices. The devices are fabricated by layering a dielectric on a first conducting layer. A second conducting layer or structure is overlaid on the dielectric layer. In some devices, a microcavity is created that penetrates the second conducting layer or structure and the dielectric layer. In other devices, the microcavity penetrates to the first conducting layer. The second conducting layer or structure together with the inside face of the microcavity is overlaid with a second dielectric layer. The microcavities are then filled with a discharge gas. When a time-varying potential of the appropriate magnitude is applied between the conductors, a microplasma discharge is generated in the microcavity. These devices can exhibit extended lifetimes since the conductors are encapsulated, shielding the conductors from degradation due to exposure to the plasma. Some of the devices are flexible and the dielectric can be chosen to act as a mirror.

Abstract translation: 一种制造微腔放电装置和器件阵列的方法。 通过在第一导电层上层叠电介质来制造器件。 第二导电层或结构覆盖在电介质层上。 在一些装置中，产生穿过第二导电层或结构和电介质层的微腔。 在其他装置中，微腔穿透到第一导电层。 第二导电层或结构与微腔的内表面一起覆盖有第二介电层。 然后用放电气体填充微腔。 当在导体之间施加适当幅度的时变电位时，在微腔中产生微等离子体放电。 由于导体被封装，因此这些器件可以延长使用寿命，从而屏蔽导体不受暴露于等离子体的退化。 一些装置是柔性的，并且电介质可以选择用作反射镜。

公开(公告)号：US20080119105A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-22

申请号：US11981412

申请日：2007-10-31

Applicant: J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark J. Wagner

Inventor： J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark J. Wagner

IPC: H01J9/02

CPC classification number: H01J17/49 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J9/00 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J25/50 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/305 ,  H01J61/62 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J65/046

Abstract: The invention provides methods of making arrays of thin sheet microdischarge devices. In a preferred method of fabricating an array of microdischarge devices, a multi-layer dielectric layer thin sheet is position with respect to a first thin electrode. A second electrode thin sheet is joined on the dielectric layer sheet. An array of microcavities is provided through at least a portion of the dielectric layer sheet. The method can produce thin large arrays inexpensively. In preferred embodiments, each of the multi-layer dielectric layer thin sheet, the first thin electrode and the second electrode thin sheet have a thickness of less than less than 100 μm. In preferred embodiments, the multi-layer dielectric is formed of polymer, and in other embodiments from oxides and/or nitrides. In a particular preferred embodiment, the multilayer dielectric is formed from oxide and nitride films.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了制备薄片微放电器件阵列的方法。 在制造微放电器件阵列的优选方法中，多层介电层薄片相对于第一薄电极位置。 第二电极薄片接合在电介质层片上。 通过介电层片材的至少一部分提供微腔阵列。 该方法可以廉价地生产薄的大阵列。 在优选实施例中，多层介电层薄片，第一薄电极和第二电极薄片中的每一个具有小于小于100μm的厚度。 在优选实施例中，多层电介质由聚合物形成，在其它实施例中由氧化物和/或氮化物形成。 在特别优选的实施例中，多层电介质由氧化物和氮化物膜形成。

公开(公告)号：US20050136786A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-23

申请号：US11036567

申请日：2005-01-14

Applicant: Alessandro Gallitognotta ,  Claudio Boffito ,  Alessio Corazza

Inventor： Alessandro Gallitognotta ,  Claudio Boffito ,  Alessio Corazza

IPC: H01J61/00 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H01J7/18 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J61/067 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/26

CPC classification number: H01J1/025 ,  H01J7/18 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/26

Abstract: A hollow cathode having at least a portion of the inner, outer or both surfaces coated with a layer of a getter material is described. Some methods for the production of the hollow cathode of the invention are also described, which include cathodic and electrophoretic deposition of the getter layer onto the hollow cathode.

Abstract translation: 描述了具有涂覆有吸气剂材料层的内部，外部或两个表面的至少一部分的空心阴极。 还描述了用于制造本发明的中空阴极的一些方法，其包括将吸气剂层阴极和电泳沉积到中空阴极上。

公开(公告)号：US06867548B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-15

申请号：US10782164

申请日：2004-02-19

Applicant: J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark J. Wagner

Inventor： J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark J. Wagner

IPC: G09G3/10 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H01J1/62 ,  H01J9/00 ,  H01J9/24 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01J25/50 ,  H01J61/06 ,  H01J61/62 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J65/04

CPC classification number: H01J17/49 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J9/00 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J25/50 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/305 ,  H01J61/62 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J65/046

Abstract: A discharge device is described that contains an anode, a cathode, and an insulating layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. A cavity is extends entirely through at least one of the anode or cathode and penetrates the dielectric layer. At least one of the anode or cathode may include a screen or the dielectric layer may have a plurality of films with at least two different dielectric constants. The voltage differences between the anode and cathode in each of multiple devices electrically connected together may be limited.

Abstract translation: 描述了包括阳极，阴极和设置在阳极和阴极之间的绝缘层的放电装置。 空腔完全延伸通过阳极或阴极中的至少一个并且穿透电介质层。 阳极或阴极中的至少一个可以包括屏幕，或者介电层可以具有多个具有至少两个不同介电常数的膜。 电连接在一起的多个装置中的每一个中的阳极和阴极之间的电压差可能受到限制。

公开(公告)号：US06695664B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

申请号：US10040300

申请日：2001-10-26

Applicant: J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark J. Wagner

Inventor： J. Gary Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark J. Wagner

IPC: H01J900

CPC classification number: H01J17/49 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J9/00 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J25/50 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/305 ,  H01J61/62 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J65/046

Abstract: A discharge device is described that contains an anode, a cathode, and an insulating layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. A cavity is extends entirely through at least one of the anode or cathode and penetrates the dielectric layer. At least one of the anode or cathode may include a screen or the dielectric layer may have a plurality of films with at least two different dielectric constants. The voltage differences between the anode and cathode in each of multiple devices electrically connected together may be limited.

公开(公告)号：US06676288B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

申请号：US10216678

申请日：2002-08-08

Applicant: Michael J. Patterson ,  Timothy R. R. Verhey ,  George C. Soulas

Inventor： Michael J. Patterson ,  Timothy R. R. Verhey ,  George C. Soulas

IPC: G01J546

CPC classification number: H01J37/32596 ,  H01J1/025

Abstract: A process for thermal imaging scanning of a swaged heater of an anode subassembly of a hollow cathode assembly, comprising scanning a swaged heater with a thermal imaging radiometer to measure a temperature distribution of the heater; raising the current in a power supply to increase the temperature of the swaged heater; and measuring the swaged heater temperature using the radiometer, whereupon the temperature distribution along the length of the heater shall be less than plus or minus 5 degrees C.

Abstract translation: 一种用于对中空阴极组件的阳极子组件的模锻加热器进行热成像扫描的方法，包括用热成像辐射计扫描加热器以测量加热器的温度分布; 提高电源中的电流以增加加热器的温度; 并使用辐射计测量加热器的加热器温度，因此沿着加热器长度的温度分布应小于正负5摄氏度。

公开(公告)号：US06346770B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-12

申请号：US09533008

申请日：2000-03-22

Applicant: Karl H. Schoenbach ,  Wojciech W. Byszewski ,  Frank E. Peterkin ,  Amin N. Dharamsi

Inventor： Karl H. Schoenbach ,  Wojciech W. Byszewski ,  Frank E. Peterkin ,  Amin N. Dharamsi

IPC: H01J6106

CPC classification number: H01J3/025 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J3/04 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01J17/06 ,  H01J27/08 ,  H01J61/067 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/12 ,  H01J61/305 ,  H01J61/66 ,  H01J61/72 ,  H01J61/78 ,  H01S3/03 ,  H01S3/0382 ,  H01S3/0385 ,  H01S3/2383

Abstract: A discharge device for operation in a gas at a prescribed pressure includes a cathode having a plurality of micro hollows therein, and an anode spaced from the cathode. Each of the micro hollows has dimensions selected to produce a micro hollow discharge at the prescribed pressure. Preferably, each of the micro hollows has a cross-sectional dimension that is on the order of the mean free path of electrons in the gas. Electrical energy is coupled to the cathode and the anode at a voltage and current for producing micro hollow discharges in each of the micro hollows in the cathode. The discharge device may include a discharge chamber for maintaining the prescribed pressure. A dielectric layer may be disposed on the cathode when the spacing between the cathode and the anode is greater than about the mean free path of electrons in the gas. Applications of the discharge device include fluorescent lamps, excimer lamps, flat fluorescent light sources, miniature gas lasers, electron sources and ion sources.

Abstract translation: 用于在规定压力下操作气体的放电装置包括其中具有多个微型空腔的​​阴极和与阴极间隔开的阳极。 每个微型空腔具有选定的尺寸以在规定的压力下产生微细的中空排出。 优选地，每个微型空腔的​​横截面尺寸都是气体中电子的平均自由程的数量级。 电能以负极和电流耦合到阴极和阳极，用于在阴极中的每个微型空腔中产生微空心放电。 排出装置可以包括用于维持规定压力的排出室。 当阴极和阳极之间的间隔大于气体中电子的平均自由程时，电介质层可以设置在阴极上。 放电装置的应用包括荧光灯，准分子灯，平面荧光光源，微型气体激光器，电子源和离子源。

公开(公告)号：US06323586B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09264477

申请日：1999-03-08

Applicant: Viacheslav V. Zhurin ,  James R. Kahn ,  Harold R. Kaufman

Inventor： Viacheslav V. Zhurin ,  James R. Kahn ,  Harold R. Kaufman

IPC: H01J150

CPC classification number: F03H1/00 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J1/50 ,  H01J3/025

Abstract: In accordance with one specific embodiment of the present invention, the closed drift hollow cathode comprises an axisymmetric discharge region into which an ionizable gas is introduced, an annular electron emitting cathode insert disposed laterally about that discharge region, a surrounding enclosure, an aperture in that enclosure disposed near the axis of symmetry and at one end of that region, and a magnetic field within that region which is both axisymmetric and generally disposed transverse to a path from the cathode insert to the aperture. An electrical discharge is established between the cathode insert and the enclosure. The electrons emitted from the cathode insert drift in closed paths around the axis, collide with molecules of ionizable gas, and sustain the discharge plasma by generating additional electron-ion pairs. Ions from the plasma bombard the cathode insert, thereby maintaining an emissive temperature. Electrons from the plasma diffuse to and escape through the aperture to provide the electron emission. The closed drift nature of the discharge circumferentially distributes the heating of the cathode insert and the utilization of the electron emitting capabilities thereof. The discharge current controls the maximum value of the electron emission.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的一个具体实施例，封闭漂移中空阴极包括一个轴向对称放电区域，可引入可电离气体的环境中的电子发射阴极插入件，围绕该放电区域横向放置的环形电子发射阴极插件，周围的外壳， 外壳设置在该对称轴线附近并且位于该区域的一端，以及该区域内的磁场，其两个轴对称且横向于从阴极插件到孔的通道设置。 在阴极插入件和外壳之间建立放电。 从阴极插件发射的电子在围绕轴线的闭合路径中漂移，与可电离气体的分子碰撞，并通过产生另外的电子 - 离子对来维持放电等离子体。 来自等离子体的离子轰击阴极插入物，从而保持发射温度。 来自等离子体的电子通过孔扩散到并逸出以提供电子发射。 放电的闭合漂移特性周向地分布阴极插件的加热和其电子发射能力的利用。 放电电流控制电子发射的最大值。