Abstract:
A diffraction grating and a prism with the appropriate characteristics are employed to provide a combined dispersive characteristic that is substantially linear over the visible spectrum. Radiation from the grating and prism is collimated by a lens towards a detector array. The or a telecentric stop between the grating and prism is placed at a focal point of the lens in a telecentric arrangement so that equal magnification is achieved at the detector array. If the detector array is replaced by a plurality of optical channels, a multiplexer/demultiplexer is obtained.
Abstract:
An optical device includes an optical waveguide through which light propagates and a micro-resonator structure including an optical sensor. The micro-resonator is configured to resonate at a wavelength of light that may be transmitted through the optical waveguide. When light at that wavelength is transmitted through the optical waveguide, it resonates in the resonator and is detected by the optical sensor to produce an electrical signal. The optical resonator may be a micro-cylinder, disc or ring resonator and may be coupled to the waveguide via evanescent coupling or leaky-mode coupling. Multiple resonators may be implemented proximate to the waveguide to allow multiple wavelengths to be detected. When the waveguide is coupled to a tunable laser, signals provided by the optical sensor may be used to tune the wavelength of the laser.
Abstract:
An illumination apparatus for an optical system is disclosed, the illumination apparatus (1) encompassing a single light source (2) that emits broad-band light into an illumination beam path (2a). Placed after the light source (2) in accordance with the present invention is a filter system (4), with which several wavelengths or wavelength regions are separable and are guided through a light-guiding means (22) to an optical system (5). The filter system possesses several reflecting filters (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) which are arranged in such a way that a selected wavelength is guidable by way of those reflection filters and leaves the filter system (4) parallel to the illumination beam path (2a).
Abstract:
A system for predicting blood constituent values in a patient includes a remote wireless non-invasive spectral device, the remote wireless non-invasive spectral device generating a spectral scan of a body part of the patient. Also included are a remote invasive device and a central processing device. The remote invasive device generates a constituent value for the patient, while the central processing device predicts a blood constituent value for the patient based upon the spectral scan and the constituent value.
Abstract:
An optical spectrum analyzer for analyzing at least n wavelengths of light is disclosed having a tunable filter with an input port and an output port and a periodic output response with a free spectral range FSR and having a bandwidth B. An AWG is optically coupled to receive light from the output port; and for distributing the light spatially at other locations in a wavelength dependent manner. Optically coupled with the AWG are m detectors for detecting wavelength or channel information. The number of detectors, m is less than n when a single detector is associated with a single channel; and m is less than 2n when two detectors are associated with a single channel.
Abstract:
A spectrometer, or a spectral instrument using multiple non-interfering optical beam paths and special optical elements. The special optical elements for use with the instrument are used for directing the optical beam and/or altering the form of the beam. The instrument has the potential, depending upon the totality of the optical components incorporated into the instrument, to be a monochromator, a spectroradiometer, a spectrophotometer and a spectral source. The spectral instrument may further be a part of the spectral system. The system may include the spectral instrument, a power module and means for remote control of the instrument. Such remote control may be by use of a personal computer or a control system dedicated to the control, measurement and analysis of the collected information. The multiple non-interfering beam paths are created using specially designed optical elements such as a diffraction grating, a splitter box, a zero back-lash drive system for movement of the grating element. The orientation of and a physical/spatial relationship between the field lenses, slits, return mirror, reflecting prism, turning lenses all define the multiple, preferably two paths. Particularly, there is a double pass through the grating to increase dispersion, reduce scatter while maintaining a perfect temperature independent spectral match for the second pass. Using the same grating twice reduces scatter by about a factor of 1000, increases the dispersion by a factor of two, and eliminates any temperature-related mechanical spectral drift which often is present with two separate monochromators. Because of the specially designed grating structure, the grating can cause the concurrent diffraction of a plurality of incident optical beams, each of which beams have different angles of incidence and different angles of reflection. The path of the incident and the reflected beam to and from the grating is “off-axis”. That is, the beams going to and from the grating do not use the optical axis of the grating structure.
Abstract:
A method of spectral-morphometric analysis of biological samples, the biological samples including substantially constant components and suspected variable components, the method is effected by following the steps of (a) using a spectral data collection device for collecting spectral data of picture elements of the biological samples; (b) defining a spectral vector associated with picture elements representing a constant component of at least one of the biological samples; (c) using the spectral vector for defining a correcting function being selected such that when operated on spectral vectors associated with picture elements representing other constant components, spectral vectors of the other constant components are modified to substantially resemble the spectral vector; (d) operating the correcting function on spectral vectors associated with at least the variable components for obtaining corrected spectral vectors thereof; and (e) classifying the corrected spectral vectors into classification groups.
Abstract:
An optical spectrum analyzer of novel design, in which several different spectra can be measured and analyzed simultaneously. A measuring signal is used as a reference signal for calibrating the optical spectrum analyzer. The light rays are admitted via a coupling device with several coupling apertures arranged in a line; and via a separate decoupling device comprising respective decoupling apertures arranged in a line, the light rays are decoupled. Height offset is realized by a 90° deviation prism. The arrangement makes possible simultaneous analysis of several optical lines with little retroreflection as well as uninterrupted calibration of the measuring process.
Abstract:
An optical device includes an optical waveguide through which light propagates and a micro-resonator structure including an optical sensor. The micro-resonator is configured to resonate at a wavelength of light that may be transmitted through the optical waveguide. When light at that wavelength is transmitted through the optical waveguide, it resonates in the resonator and is detected by the optical sensor to produce an electrical signal. The optical resonator may be a micro-cylinder, disc or ring resonator and may be coupled to the waveguide via evanescent coupling or leaky-mode coupling. Multiple resonators may be implemented proximate to the waveguide to allow multiple wavelengths to be detected. When the waveguide is coupled to a tunable laser, signals provided by the optical sensor may be used to tune the wavelength of the laser.
Abstract:
There is provided a monochromator capable of downsizing thereof. According to a monochromator, a light transmission hole through which beam of light which is given out from a light source is transmitted and multiple plate-like filter blocks each having central axis of rotation which is parallel with beam of light are provided on a filter base. Various optical filters are attached to the holes of filter blocks and the filter block serves as a light shielding block. The filter blocks attached to the rotary shafts of motors are reciprocally rotated between a forward position of the optical transmission hole serving as a position of transmission of light and a standby position spaced away from the optical transmission hole so that the filter blocks can be downsized, and even if there are many patterns of combination of optical filters, multiple optical filters can be easily combined with each other and even if the optical filters are used singly or used while combined with each other, which does not take time for changing the optical filter, thereby enhancing efficiency compared with the conventional monochromator.