Abstract:
The use of 1,5-dimethylpyrrolidone as a solvent, diluent, extractant, detergent, degreaser, absorbent and/or dispersant, especially as a partial or complete replacement for N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), chlorinated hydrocarbons and/or ethers.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing polytetrahydrofuran, polytetrahydrofuran copolymer, polytetrahydrofuran diester, or polytetrahydrofuran monoester by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in the presence of at least one telogen and/or comonomer and an acid heterogeneous catalyst based on activated layered silicates or mixed metal oxides in a fluidized bed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) by reacting 1,4-butandiol on a copper catalyst. The inventive method is characterized in that a reaction mixture is used which contains 1,4-butandiol, alcohols that differ from 1,4-butandiol, and water.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for variable production of mixtures of optionally alkyl-substituted BDO, GBL and THF by two-stage hydrogenation in the gaseous phase of C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or the derivatives thereof, characterized in that a) a gas flow of C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or the derivatives thereof is hydrogenated in a first stage in the gaseous phase on a catalyst at a pressure of 2-100 bars and at a temperature of 200 DEG C to 300 DEG C in a first reactor in the presence of a catalyst in the form of catalyst moulded bodies with a volume of less than 20 mm3, consisting of 5 - 95 wt. % Cu-oxide and 5 - 95 wt. % of an oxide with acid centres in order to form a flow maintly consisting of optionally aryl-substituted GBL and THF, b) succinic anhydride optionally arising therefrom is separated by partial condensation, c) the products THF, water and GBL which remain predominantly in the gaseous phase during said partial condensation are reacted at the same pressure or at a pressure which is reduced in order to reduce flow losses in the hydrogenation circuit at a temperature of 150 to 240 DEG C in a second reactor on a catalyst of > 95 wt. % CuO and 5 to 95 wt. % of one or several oxides selected from the group consisting of ZnO, Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, CeO2, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, La2O3, and Mn2O3 in order to form a mixture consisting of a flow containing BDO, GBL and THF, d) the hydrogen is separated from the products and returned to the hydrogenation, e) the products THF, BDO, GBL and Wasser are separated in a distillatory manner, a flow rich in GBL is optionally returned to the second reactor or is optionally removed therefrom and BDO, THF and GBL are processed in a distillatory manner, and the ratio of the products THF, GBL and BDO is adjusted in relation to each other in the region of 10 to 100 wt. % THF, 0 to 90 wt. % GBL and 0 to 90 wt. % BDO exclusively by varying the temperatures in the two hydrogenation areas, in addition to that of the GBL return flow.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing cyclododecanone by reacting cyclododecen with dinitrogen, especially a method comprising steps (I) and (II): (I) producing cyclododecen by partially hydrating cyclododecatriene; (II) reacting the cyclododecen obtained in step (I) with dinitrogen monoxide, thereby obtaining cyclododecanone.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for storing and transporting N-vinyl- epsilon -caprolactam, which is characterized by maintaining the N-vinyl- epsilon -caprolactam in the liquid phase.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of optionally alkyl-substituted THF. The above is obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof, in the gas phase, using a catalyst containing 20 wt. %, preferably >30 wt %, in particular 35 to 90 wt. % of an oxidic support with acidic centres, whereby the method is carried out with a hot spot temperature of 240 to 280 DEG C and a catalytic loading of 0.01 to 1.0, preferably 0.02 to 1, in particular 0.05 to 0.5 kg reactant/l catalyst.hour.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of alcohols, by catalytic hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds, using a catalyst with 0,01 to 50 wt. % rhenium and 0 to 20 wt. % of a further metal, chosen from Zn, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Fe, Cr or V, based upon total catalyst weight, supported on oxidatively pre-treated activated charcoal.