Abstract:
Vacuum diode-based devices, including vacuum diode heat pumps and vacuum thermionic generators, are described in which the electrodes are coated with an electride (11, 12). These materials have low work functions, which means that contact potential difference between cathode (1) and anode (2) may be set against the effects of space charge, resulting in an improved device whereby anode (2) and cathode (1) may be set at a greater distance from each other than has been previously envisaged.
Abstract:
A field emission cathode includes a layer of conductive material (14) and a layer of amorphic diamond film (12), functioning as a low effective work-function material, deposited over the conductive material to form emission sites. The emission sites each contain at least two sub-regions having differing electron affinities.
Abstract:
A method of forming a field emission device and the resulting device including emitters formed of fiber segments. Tips are formed on the fiber segments that have a radius substantially small by exposing the tips to a reactive liquid for a duration of time. The tips are coated with a low work function conducting material to form emitters.
Abstract:
An electron emission element capable of improving the focusing performance of emitted electrons. The electron emission element comprises a cathode electrode, an insulation layer, and an electron drawing electrode that are laminated in that order on a substrate, and an electron emission layer provided on the bottom surface of a hole reaching from the drawing electrode up to the cathode electrode with which the electron emission layer contacts, wherein the electron emission layer is provided so that the front surface thereof is closer to the substrate than the interface between the cathode electrode and the insulation layer, and the contact area between the electron emission layer and the cathode electrode is limited to a peripheral area, excluding the center portion, on the bottom surface of the hole. Accordingly, since the electron emission layer receives electrons from the cathode electrode positioned at the side surface thereof, electrons are mostly emitted from the ends of the front surface of the electron emission layer to thereby enhance the focusing performance of electrons.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an electron emission element for obtaining stable emission current due to reduction of operation voltage. SOLUTION: The electron emission element includes a polycrystalline film of lanthanum boride, and a size of a crystallite which composes the polycrystalline film is not less than 2.5 nm and not more than 100 nm. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cold cathode electron source having a low emission start electrical field, and capable of obtaining a sufficient emission current.SOLUTION: In the cold cathode electron source having a cathode electrode and an electron emission part formed thereon, an activated metal oxide is used in the electron emission part. The part contributive to emission is formed anew in the metal oxide, and the part not contributive to emission or having an adverse effect is removed by the activation.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of easily manufacturing an electron emitting element coated with a low work function material and having a favorable electron emitting characteristic to suppress a variation in electron emitting characteristic among the elements with high reproducibility. SOLUTION: In the method of manufacturing the electron emitting element, a metal oxide layer is formed on a surface of a structure before coating the underlying structure with the low work function material. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT