Abstract:
Shielding (108) associated with an ion source (102), such as an anode layer source, reduces the amount and/or concentration of sputtered contaminants impinging and remaining on the surface of a target substrate (110). While passing the ion beam through to the target substrate (110), shielding (108) can reduce the total amount of sputtered contaminants impinging the substrate (110) before, during, and/or after passage of the substrate (110) through the envelope of the etching beam. Particularly, a shield configuration (108) that blocks the contaminants from impinging the substrate (110) after the substrate (100) passes through the etching beam (i.e., outside of the envelope of the etching beam) yields a higher quality substrate (110) with reduced substrate (110) contamination.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a particle source, comprising: placing a metal wire in vacuum, introducing active gas and catalyst gas, adjusting a temperature of the metal wire, and applying a positive high voltage V to the metal wire to dissociate the active gas at the surface of the metal wire, in order to generate at a peripheral surface of the head of the metal wire an etching zone in which field induced chemical etching (FICE) is performed; increasing by the FICE a surface electric field at the apex of the metal wire head to be greater than the evaporation field of the material for the metal wire, so that metal atoms at the wire apex are evaporated off; after the field evaporation is activated by the FICE, causing mutual adjustment between the FICE and the field evaporation, until the head of the metal wire has a shape of combination of a base and a tip on the base, wherein the FICE occurs at the lateral side of the metal wire head to form the base, and the field evaporation occurs at the apex of the metal wire head to form the tip; and stopping the FICE and the field evaporation when the head of the metal wire takes a predetermine shape.
Abstract:
The invention provides novel water-dispersible air-drying alkyds containing 1.25-3.75% by weight of polyalkylene oxide radicals, in particular polyethylene glycol, and novel aqueous dispersions of these alkyds (alkyd : water from 30:70 to 70:30) which can be worked into water-based paints having a glossy finish.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for subchanneling in wireless communication system are provided to be used without the usage limit or the performance deterioration. CONSTITUTION: The controller(920) confirms the FFR rate. In consideration of the FFR rate, the subchannel configuration part(921) assigns sequentially the resources for the resources for the domain in which the frequency reuse factor is N and the frequency reuse factor is the band selection subchannel of one person domain and the resources for the diversity subchannel.
Abstract:
An electrode having a gas discharge function, where the degree of freedom related to a maximum gas flow rate is abundant, an electrode cover member may be thinned, and a change of a gas behavior according to time is difficult to be generated in a processing chamber during gas introduction. The electrode includes: a base material having a plurality of gas holes; and an electrode cover member having a plurality of gas holes respectively corresponding to the plurality of gas holes of the base material in a one-to-one manner, fixed to the base material, and disposed facing a processing space in which the object is plasma-processed, wherein a gas hole diameter of the electrode cover member is larger than a gas hole diameter of the base material.