Abstract:
A high-voltage power source for applying high voltage to a nozzle of an ESI ion source includes a charge release assistant section (26) including switch circuits (62 and 65) and other elements for forcing electric charges accumulated at output terminals to be discharged in a polarity-switching operation, whereby the positive/negative switching of the polarity of the output voltage can be quickly performed. In the mass spectrometer according to the present invention, for example, when the voltage applied to the nozzle needs to be changed from V 1 to V 2 (where V 1 and V 2 are positive, and V 1 >V 2 ), a voltage control section (20) under the command of a main controller (9) operates a positive voltage generation section (21) and negative voltage generation section (23) so as to temporarily provide a negative output voltage. After a predetermined period of time, the voltage control section operates the positive voltage generation section (21) and negative voltage generation section (23) so as to provide voltage V 2 . If the voltage was simply changed from V 1 to V 2 , the voltage would decrease slowly and require considerable time for the change. The positive/negative switching of the polarity induces the discharging of the electric charges accumulated at the output terminals, and consequently, the voltage-switching operation from V 1 to V 2 is quickly performed.
Abstract:
A system for inhibiting the transport of contaminant particles with an ion beam includes an electric field generator (12, 14) for generating an electric field (28) relative to a path of travel (20) for the ion beam (16). A particle (66) located in the ion beam (16) and in a region of the electric field (28) is charged to a polarity according to the ion beam (16), so that the electric field (28) may urge the charged particle (66) out of the ion beam (16).
Abstract:
A ballistic charge transport device comprised of an integrally formed contaminant absorption layer (312) and a means operably coupled between the contaminant absorption layer and a charged particle source layer (305) is provided. Upon application of a suitable potential (314) between the contaminant absorption layer and the charged particle source layer undesirable contaminants (307) such as desorbed and impact ionized molecular and atomic residuals are preferentially accelerated toward and absorbed by the contaminant absorption layer.
Abstract:
A charged particle trap for trapping of a plurality of charged particles, and a method of operating said trap. The trap includes first and second electrode mirrors (2,3) having a common optical axis (4), the mirrors being arranged in alignment at two extremities thereof. The mirrors are capable, when voltage is applied thereto, of creating respective electric fields defined by key field parameters. The electric fields are configured to reflect charged particles causing their oscillation between the mirrors. The method includes introducing into the trap, along the optical axis, the plurality of charged particles as a beam (10) having pre-determined key beam parameters. The method further includes choosing the key field parameters for at least one of the mirrors such as to induce bunching among charged particles in the beam.
Abstract:
This invention provides a dielectric composition comprising a dielectric which is fireable in air at a temperature in the range of about 450°C to about 550°C and a conductive oxide selected from the group consisting of antimony-doped tin oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, a transition metal oxide which has mixed valence states or will form mixed valence states after firing in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature in the range of about 450°C to about 550°C and normally conducting precious metal oxides such as ruthenium dioxide, wherein the amount of conductive oxide present is from about 0.25 wt % to about 25 wt % of the total weight of dielectric and conductive oxide. This dielectric composition has reduced electrical resistance and is useful in electron field emission devices to eliminate charging of the dielectric in the vicinity of the electron emitter and the effect of static charge induced field emission.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an electron beam generator consisting of a cathode (1), and anode (3) with an anode drilling for the electron beam (6) along a beam axis (5) and a Wehnelt electrode (2) arranged between the cathode (1) and the anode (3), where the cathode (1), the anode (3) and the Wehnelt electrode (2) are in a vacuum chamber. The cathode (1) and the Wehnelt electrode (2) can move perpendicularly to the beam axis (5) and in the vicinity of the cathode (1) there is a magnetic cathode protection device (7) which generates a static transverse magnetic field (9) running perpendicularly to the beam axis (5). The magnetic field (9) diverts the electron beam (6) from the beam axis (5), whereby the cathode (1) and the Wehnelt electrode (2) are shifted against the direction of deflection of the electron beam (6) and/or the direction of deflection of the electron beam (6) is selected such that the deflected electron beam (6) once more runs in the beam axis (5) in the region of the anode (3). This arrangement reduces the number of ions impinging on the cathode (1) and formed by the ionisation of residual molecules and thus advantageously lengthens the useful life of the cathode (1).
Abstract:
Disclosed is a dust collector for collecting dust in a cathode ray tube comprising a collecting means with a collecting space for collecting dust in the cathode ray tube, and a retaining means for retaining the collecting means in the cathode ray tube, whereby the internal voltage characteristics of the CRT are improved together with the picture quality. One embodiment of said dust collector, positioned between the shield up and the fourth grid and having at least one electron beam passing aperture, comprises a first sloping surface (21) and a second sloping surface (31) in parallel with said first sloping surface so as to form a collecting space for dust particles.
Abstract:
Bei dem Elektronenstrahlerzeuger ist der auf Masse liegenden Anode (9) ein koaxial zu ihr angeordneter Potentialring (15) benachbart, durch den den Raumladungseffekt kompensierende Ionen im Bereich des Elektronenstrahls zurückgehalten werden. Hierdurch bleiben Strahldichte und Fokuslage über einen weiten Druckbereich im wesentlichen konstant.
Abstract:
An electron extractor of an electron source capable of absorbing contaminant materials from a cavity proximate to the extractor is disclosed. The electron extractor includes a body. The body of the electron extractor is formed from one or more non-evaporable getter materials. The one or more non-evaporable getter materials absorb one or more contaminants contained within a region proximate to the body of the electron extractor. The body of the electron extractor is further configured to extract electrons from one or more emitters posited proximate to the body of the electron extractor.