Abstract:
A process for continuously producing a lactam in water at a high temperature under a high pressure. Namely, a process for producing a lactam characterized by selectively synthesizing the lactam without causing hydrolysis by introducing an oxime into flowing water at a high temperature under a high pressure, wherein the lactam is continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime in water at a high temperature of 250 °C or more under a high pressure of 12 Mpa or more.
Abstract:
Laurolactam having high quality is produced by reacting cyclododecanone with a hydroxylamine salt of a mineral acid, and converting the resultant cyclododecanoneoxime to laurolactam through the Beckmann rearrangement reaction, wherein a content of each of oxygen atom-containing C 12 organic compounds, for example, cyclododecenone or epoxycyclododecane, and cycloaliphatic unsaturated C 12 hydrocarbon compounds, contained, as an impurity, in the staring cyclododecanone material, is controlled to 1,000 ppm or less.
Abstract:
An improvement in the conventional process for the production of caprolactam. The process involves:
(a) reacting air with ammonia gas in an ammonia conversion zone to produce nitric oxide; (b) oxidizing a portion of the nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide to produce an NO x -rich process gas stream; (c) reacting the NO x -rich stream with ammonium carbonate in a nitriting zone to produce ammonium nitrite; (d) reducing the ammonium nitrite to hydroxylamine diammonium sulfate; (e) hydrolyzing the hydroxylamine diammonium sulfate to hydroxylamine sulfate; (f) oximating the hydroxylamine sulfate with cyclohexanone to produce cyclohexanone oxime; and (g) converting the cyclohexanone oxime to caprolactam. The process is improved by adding supplemental oxygen downstream of the ammonia conversion zone to increase the quantity and rate of formation of nitrogen dioxide in the NO x -rich process gas stream.
Abstract:
Mit einem besonders vorteilhaften Verfahren werden organische Verbindungen selektiv oxidiert, indem man mit elementarem Sauerstoff, einem Katalysator, der Palladium und Kupfer enthält und in Gegenwart von Kohlenmonoxid arbeitet.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for selectively deactivating catalytically active sites which occur only on the surface of a zeolite of boralite catalyst. Active sites occurring on the interior of the pores are masked by saturating the catalyst with an organic compound which fills substantially the whole of the catalyst pore volume. The catalyst so treated is then exposed to a deactivating agent, such as a solution of an alkali metal salt which is substantially immiscible with, substantially insoluble in, and which is otherwise unreactive to said pore-filling compound. The catalyst is then treated to drive off the pore-filling compound, yielding a catalyst selectively deactivated only on the external surface, but which is not deactivated within the pores. The treatment enables the catalyst to be used for e.g. hydrocarbon conversion for long time periods without carbon buildups around the pore entrances, which buildup would otherwise either restrict entry into the pores by reactants or exit therefrom by product.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is an efficient, economical, industrially advantageous, straight-through process for the preparation of cyclic amides, also referred as lactams, in substantially pure form and high yield, from the corresponding cyclic ketones and a hydroxylammonium salt, using a combination of amphoteric metal oxide or amphoteric masked metal oxide and a base.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing a high purity, high quality amide compound, particularly, lactam. A first embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that an amount of each of a halide, an aldehyde compound, an alcohol compound and a nitrile compound contained in a solution recycled into an oxime-forming step is controlled to an amount of 0.4 mol% or less based on the ketone as a starting material. A second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a ketone, an oxime and an amide compound are purified by hydrogenation and/or crystallization for eliminating impurities containing a double bond. A third embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that a content of impurities having a cyclic bridge structure is controlled by using a cycloalkanone purified by recrystallization.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a high purity lactam comprising double-bond-containing impurities in 15 ppm by weight or less and a method for producing the same. The present invention is characterized in that one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a ketone, an oxime and an amide compound are purified by hydrogenation and/or crystallization for eliminating impurities containing a double bond.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a high purity lactam comprising impurities having a cyclic bridge structure in 50 ppm by weight or less and a method for producing the same. The present invention is characterized in that a content of impurities having a cyclic bridge structure is controlled by using a cycloalkanone purified by recrystallization.