Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a supported catalyst, consisting of at least 75 wt. % Al2O3, whose delta- or theta-modified fraction of Al2O3 is at least 1 % of the total Al2O3 fraction and which contains a rhenium compound and optionally a promoter as the active component (A). According to the invention: a) a modified support (T) is produced from a conventional support (T) consisting of at least 75 wt. % of Al2O3, to which a promoter is optionally applied, the delta- or theta-modified fraction of the Al2O3 being at least 1 % of the total Al2O3 fraction, by the calcination of the conventional support (T) at a temperature of between 750 and 1100 DEG C; b) a supported catalyst precursor is produced from the modified support (T) by the application of the active component comprising the rhenium compound (A) to the modified support (T); and c) the supported catalyst precursor is calcinated at a temperature of between 500 and 750 DEG C.
Abstract:
Preparation of highly reactive isobutene homo- or copolymers having Mn=from 500 to 1 000 000 by polymerizing isobutene in the liquid phase in the presence of a dissolved, dispersed or supported metal-containing catalyst complex by using, as the catalyst complex, a compound I Zn+[MXa(OR)b]n-.Lx (I) M metal atom from the group of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium and thallium, R each independently aliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals which have in each case from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and may comprise fluorine atoms, or silyl groups comprising C1 to C18 hydrocarbon radicals, X halogen atoms, Z proton (n=1), optionally substituted ammonium (n=1) or n-valent metal cation, L neutral solvent molecules, a integer from 0 to 3, b integer from 1 to 4, where a+b=4, and x>=0.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a supported catalyst consisting of a support (T) comprising at least 75 wt. % Al2O3 and rhenium compounds as the active component (A). According to the invention, the maximum distribution function of the pore diameter lies in the mesopore range between 0.008 and 0.050 ~m.
Abstract:
Imidazolium and imidazolidinium salts are new, as are also metal complexes obtained from the salts. Imidazolium and imidazolidinium salts of formulae (Ia) and (Ib) are new. E : N, As or P; R1> and R2>H, optionally cyclic alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; R3> and R4>optionally cyclic alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; R5>as for R1> and R2> or a group of formula (R1>)'>-(E)'>:C((R2>)'>)-C((R3>)'>(R4>)'>)-; E'>as for E; (R1>)'> - (R4>)'>as for R1> - R4>; R6> and R7>H, optionally cyclic alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, halogen or nitro or together with the C atom to which they are bonded form a 4-10-membered ring which is optionally unsaturated and optionally contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms; X : an anionic group; and R8> and R9>H, optionally cyclic alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, halogen or nitro. Independent claims are also included for: (1) preparation of (Ia); (2) metal complexes which are derived from (Ia) and (Ib) and which are of formula (IIa) - (IIg); and (3) preparation of the metal complexes. R1> - R4> and R6> and R7>as above; R5>as for R1> and R2>; (R1>)''> - (R4>)''>as for R1> - R4>; E''>as for E; M : Group 3-13 metal; Y : monoanionic mono- or bi-dentate ligand; L : neutral mono- or bi-dentate ligand; n and m : 0-6, the ligands for n or m >= 1 being the same or different, n being such that the total Y charge corresponds to the valency of the metal and the sum n + m being dependent on the coordination numbers of the metals, the dentate values of Y and L and the number and dentate values of the functionalized carbene ligands; and the (R)' and (R)''> variables = as above. [Image] [Image] [Image] [Image].
Abstract:
Preparation of highly reactive isobutene homo- or copolymers with M n =from 500 to 1 000 000 by polymerizing isobutene from technical C 4 hydrocarbon streams having an isobutene content of from 1 to 90% by weight in the liquid phase in the presence of a dissolved, dispersed or supported catalyst complex, by using, as the catalyst complex, a protic acid compound I [H + ] k Y k- .L x (I) Y k- weakly coordinating k-valent anion which comprises at least one hydrocarbon moiety, L neutral solvent molecules and x>=0.
Abstract:
In a process for producing an arylboronic acid ester (arylboronic acid ester I), an arylchloride, arylbromide or aryliodide (halogenated aryl compound II) is coupled with electrochemical reduction to a boric acid or boronic acid ester (boric or boronic acid ester IM) or to an 1,1,2,2-tetraalkoxydiborane (tetraalkoxydiborane IV).
Abstract:
Preparation of unsaturated compounds having a non-aromatic C-C double or triple bond (compound A) from another compound or a mixture of other compounds having a non-aromatic C-C double or triple bond (compound B), includes bringing the compound (B) into contact with a heterogeneous catalyst comprising carbides or oxycarbides of a transition element at 50-500[deg]C.
Abstract:
A process for the production of dialdehydes and/or ethylenically unsaturated monoaldehydes by reaction of at least one compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst comprising at least one complex of a Group VIII metal with at least one ligand comprising a pnicogen chelate compound. A process for the production of dialdehydes and/or ethylenically unsaturated monoaldehydes by reaction of at least one compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst comprising at least one complex of a Group VIII metal with at least one ligand comprising a pnicogen chelate compound of formula (1). Q = bridging group of formula (2); A1, A2 = O, S, SiRaRb, NRc or CRdRe; Ra-Rc = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; Rd, Re = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl or two Rd groups and/or two Re groups form an intermolecular bridging group D; D = bivalent bridging group of formula (3)-(6); R9,R10 = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboxyl, carboxylate or cyano or together form a 3-4C alkylene bridge; R11-R14 = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, halo, trifluoromethyl, COOH, carboxylate, cyano, alkoxy, SO3H, sulfonate, NE1E2, alkylene-NE1E2E3+X-, acyl or nitro; C = 0 or 1; Y = chemical bond; RI-RVI = H, alky, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; COORf, COO-M+, SO3Rf, SO3-M+, NE1E2, NE1E2E3+X-, alkylene-NE1E2E3+X-, ORf, SRf, (CHRgCH2O)xRf, (CH2N(E1))xRf, (CH2CH2N(E1))xRf, halo, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acyl or cyano or 2 neighboring groups, together with two neighboring C atoms of the benzene ring to which they are bonded form a condensed ring system of 1-3 further rings; Rf, E1-E3 = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl; R9 = H, methyl or ethyl; M+ = cation, X-=anion; x = 1-120; a, b = 0 or 1; Pn = P, As or Sb; R1-R4 = heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkoxy or NE1E2 with the proviso that is R1 and R3 are bonded via the N atom to the pnicogen atom bonded pyrrole ring or R1 with R2 and/or R3 together with R4 form a divalent group E of formula Py-I-W or R1 and R2 and/or R3 and R4 form a bispyrrole group of formula Py-I-Py; Py = pyrrole group that is bonded via its N atom to Pn; I = chemical bond, O, S, SiRaRb, NRc, optionally substituted 1-10C alkylene or CRhCRi; W = cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy; Rh and Ri = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl
Abstract:
Process for producing a supported catalyst which comprises at least 75% by weight of Al 2 O 3 , whose proportion of Al 2 O 3 in the delta or theta modification is, based on the proportion of Al 2 O 3 , at least 1% and which comprises a rhenium compound and, if appropriate, a promoter as active component (A), which comprises a) converting a customary support (S) which comprises at least 75% by weight of Al 2 O 3 and to which a promoter may, if appropriate, have been applied is converted into a modified support (S) whose proportion of Al 2 O 3 in the delta or theta modification is, based on the proportion of Al 2 O 3 , at least 1% by calcining the customary support (S) at a temperature of from 750 to 1100°C., b) producing a supported catalyst precursor from the modified support (S) by applying the active component (A) comprising the rhenium compound to the modified support (S) and c) calcining the supported catalyst precursor at a temperature of from 500 to 750° C.