Abstract:
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine of the formula I is prepared by reaction of triethanolamine of the formula II with ammonia in the presence of hydrogen at temperatures from 100 to 500 DEG C and pressures from 10 to 500 bar on heterogeneous catalysts, employing heterogeneous catalysts having an active mass containing 20 to 85% by weight of ZrO2 and/or Al2O3, 1 to 30% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, 1 to 60% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt calculated as CoO and/or oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO and/or oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as MoO3.
Abstract:
3-Arylacrylic acids and their derivatives I in which Ar represents an aryl radical which can additionally have substituents which do not react with ketene and which are stable to acids and bases under the conditions of the reaction described below, and R denotes hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or a C1- to C20-alkyl group, are prepared by reacting, in a first reaction step, a dialkyl acetal of an aromatic aldehyde II in which R represents C1- to C4-alkyl, with ketene CH2=C=O in the presence of catalytic amounts of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to give a 3-arylpropionic acid derivative III and reacting this intermediate III, in a second reaction step, in the presence of acid or base and, additionally in the case where R denotes a C1- to C20-alkyl group, with a C1- to C20-alkanol to give the end product I.
Abstract:
Cycloalkylidene derivatives of the general formulae Ia to Ic Ia Ib Ic where the dashed line is a possible additional chemical bond, the radicals R1 are identical or different C1-C4-alkenyl groups, R2 and R3 are each methyl or ethyl, R4 is hydrogen or one of the radicals R1, X is oxygen, methylene or a chemical bond, m is from 0 to 3 or, when X is methylene, is from 1 to 3, or, when X is methylene and R1 is methyl, is from 2 to 3 and n is from 0 to 3, are used as fragrance materials.
Abstract:
The muscone of the formula I is prepared by bringing open-chain 2,15-diketones of the general formula II CH3-CO-X-CO-CH3 (II> in which X represents one of the radicals -(-CH2-)@(a> -CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH- (b> -CH2-CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH-CH2- (c> -CH2-CH2-CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH-CH2-CH2- (d) or -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2- (e), into contact at temperatures of 300 to 400 DEG C in the presence of 5 to 15 % by weight of water, relative to the amount of catalyst, in the gas phase over a fixed-bed catalyst which contains TiO2, CeO2 or ThO2 as the catalytically active compound and hydrogenating catalytically the unsaturated cyclic ketone formed in this reaction by intramolecular aldol condensation. Furthermore, the open-chain unsaturated ketones of the formulae IIb, IIc and IId and advantageous processes for their preparation and their use as intermediates for a simple industrial muscone synthesis are claimed.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to 3,9-dihydroxynonine and its derivatives which are protected in the 9-OH function, of the general formula I in which R represents hydrogen or an alcohol protective group which is customary per se, to processes for the preparation of the compounds I and to their use as intermediates for the synthesis of E-7,Z-9- dodecadienyl acetate, the pheromone of the grape berry moth.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of polytetrahydrofuran or C2- to C10-alkylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolymers having a mean molecular weight of from 250 to 20000 daltons by cationic polymerisation of tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran and C2- to C10-alkylene oxides in the presence of a promoter, in which process the catalyst used is a mixture of one or more C2- to C6-di- or tricarboxylic acids with boric acid.
Abstract:
3-Arylacrylic acids and their derivatives I in which Ar represents an aryl radical which can additionally have substituents which do not react with ketene and which are stable to acids and bases under the conditions of the reaction described below, and R denotes hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or a C1- to C20-alkyl group, are prepared by reacting, in a first reaction step, a dialkyl acetal of an aromatic aldehyde II in which R represents C1- to C4-alkyl, with ketene CH2=C=O in the presence of catalytic amounts of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to give a 3-arylpropionic acid derivative III and reacting this intermediate III, in a second reaction step, in the presence of acid or base and, additionally in the case where R denotes a C1- to C20-alkyl group, with a C1- to C20-alkanol to give the end product I.
Abstract:
A process for preparing 1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene of the formula I (I) comprises reacting p-cymene of the formula II (II) with a hexene of the formula IIIa, IIIb and/or IIIc (IIIa) (IIIb) (IIIc) in the presence of a catalytic amount of aluminum halide and a catalytic amount of a triphenylmethyl compound of the formula IV (IV) wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, nitro or halogen and X is hydrogen or halogen.
Abstract:
The muscone of the formula I is prepared by bringing open-chain 2,15-diketones of the general formula II CH3-CO-X-CO-CH3 (II> in which X represents one of the radicals -(-CH2-)@(a> -CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH- (b> -CH2-CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH-CH2- (c> -CH2-CH2-CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH-CH2-CH2- (d) or -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-(-CH2-)@CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2- (e), into contact at temperatures of 300 to 400 DEG C in the presence of 5 to 15 % by weight of water, relative to the amount of catalyst, in the gas phase over a fixed-bed catalyst which contains TiO2, CeO2 or ThO2 as the catalytically active compound and hydrogenating catalytically the unsaturated cyclic ketone formed in this reaction by intramolecular aldol condensation. Furthermore, the open-chain unsaturated ketones of the formulae IIb, IIc and IId and advantageous processes for their preparation and their use as intermediates for a simple industrial muscone synthesis are claimed.