公开(公告)号：US20010019408A1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-06

申请号：US09846583

申请日：2001-05-01

Inventor： Thomas W. Hagler

IPC: G01J003/28 ,  G01J003/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0213 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A disc serving as a spatial radiation modulator has dispersed radiation filters thereon. Each filter has a transmittance or reflectance modulation function of the form sin2(mnullnullpnull/4), where m is a positive integer and p has one of the four values 0, 1, 2, 3. A radiation beam including selected wavelength components is diffracted into an elongated image dispersed according to wavelength. Different wavelength components are focused onto different filters on the modulator and are encoded by correspond filters. Since the modulation functions of the filters are orthogonal to one another, it is possible to extract the amplitude of each wavelength component after it has been encoded or modulated by corresponding filter from the total detected signal during one measurement.

公开(公告)号：US06266140B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

申请号：US09674217

申请日：2000-10-27

Applicant: Lian Qin Xiang ,  Thomas Mikes

Inventor： Lian Qin Xiang ,  Thomas Mikes

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G02B6/4249 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/002 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0035 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/005

Abstract: A high resolution aberration corrected concentric spectrometer (10) includes a convex diffraction grating (60) having a plurality of nonparallel lines. The curved lines of the convex grating (60) provide correction for field aberrations. The utilization of a convex diffraction grating (60) enables the present spectrometer (10) to provide highly accurate spectral imaging with greatly improved resolution. By utilizing the convex diffraction grating (60) with the nonparallel grooves, the spectrometer is functional for a large number of applications.

Abstract translation: 高分辨率像差校正同心光谱仪（10）包括具有多个非平行线的凸出衍射光栅（60）。 凸形光栅（60）的曲线提供了场像差校正。 利用凸衍射光栅（60）可以使本光谱仪（10）提供高度精确的光谱成像，并大大提高分辨率。 通过利用具有非平行凹槽的凸衍射光栅（60），光谱仪可用于大量应用。

公开(公告)号：US06100975A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US54588

申请日：1998-04-03

Applicant: Lee M. Smith ,  Robert E. Benner ,  George R. Gray ,  Ming-Wei Pan ,  Richard D. Rallison

Inventor： Lee M. Smith ,  Robert E. Benner ,  George R. Gray ,  Ming-Wei Pan ,  Richard D. Rallison

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01N2021/651 ,  G01N21/658

Abstract: Raman spectrometer for analyzing the chemical composition of sample streams using an external cavity laser light source is disclosed. The laser provides an effective light source useful in continuously analyzing a sample stream containing petroleum products, aqueous or biological fluids, or solid slurries. The light is introduced into a bundle of optical fibers connected to a Raman sample cell. The Raman sample cell is configured to allow continuous sample flow therethrough. Scattered light from the sample cell preferably exits the optical fibers as a linear optical signal. A Raman spectrometer passes the optical signal through an excitation wavelength filter, an optical slit, and a volume holographic transmission grating with an aberration correction device before transmitting the optical signal to a charge coupled device array which converts the optical signal into a electronic signal. The electronic signal is analyzed and converted by computer into a representation of the chemical analysis of the sample stream.

Abstract translation: 公开了使用外腔激光光源分析样品流的化学成分的拉曼光谱仪。 激光器提供有效的光源，用于连续分析含有石油产品，水性或生物流体或固体浆料的样品流。 将光引入连接到拉曼样品池的一束光纤中。 拉曼样品池被配置为允许连续的样品流过其中。 来自样品池的散射光优选作为线性光学信号离开光纤。 拉曼光谱仪将光信号通过激发波长滤波器，光学狭缝和具有像差校正装置的体积全息透射光栅，然后将光信号传输到将光信号转换为电子信号的电荷耦合器件阵列。 电子信号由计算机分析和转换为样品流的化学分析的表示。

公开(公告)号：US5986758A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

申请号：US136116

申请日：1998-08-18

Applicant: Denise M. Lyons ,  Kevin J. Whitcomb

Inventor： Denise M. Lyons ,  Kevin J. Whitcomb

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/32

Abstract: An imaging spectrometer provides a three-dimensional (two (2) spatial and one (1) spectral) image cube of a target. In this apparatus, a diffractive optical element (DOE) performs the imaging and provides the dispersion necessary to separate a multi-spectral target into separate spectral images that are detected by a photodetector array. A lens (or set of lenses) relays the image formed by the DOE to the photodetector array. This lens allows the DOE and photodetector array to be mounted with a fixed separation and the spectral images to have a constant magnification. The lens is stepped or scanned along the optical axis, and each position of the lens corresponds to a particular wavelength being imaged onto the photodetector array. At each position of the relay lens the photodetector array records a spectral image by a process called diffractive spectral sectioning.

Abstract translation: 成像光谱仪提供目标的三维（两（2）空间和一（1）光谱）图像立方体。 在该装置中，衍射光学元件（DOE）执行成像并提供将多光谱目标分离成由光电检测器阵列检测的分离的光谱图像所必需的色散。 透镜（或透镜组）将由DOE形成的图像中继到光电检测器阵列。 该透镜允许DOE和光电检测器阵列以固定的分离方式安装，并且光谱图像具有恒定的放大倍率。 透镜沿着光轴被阶梯或扫描，并且透镜的每个位置对应于被成像到光电检测器阵列上的特定波长。 在中继透镜的每个位置处，光电检测器阵列通过称为衍射光谱分割的过程记录光谱图像。

公开(公告)号：US5905571A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-18

申请号：US522202

申请日：1995-08-30

Applicant: Michael A. Butler ,  Antonio J. Ricco ,  Michael B. Sinclair ,  Stephen D. Senturia

Inventor： Michael A. Butler ,  Antonio J. Ricco ,  Michael B. Sinclair ,  Stephen D. Senturia

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G02B26/08 ,  G06E3/00 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G06E3/005 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G02B26/0808

Abstract: Optical apparatus for forming correlation spectrometers and optical processors. The optical apparatus comprises one or more diffractive optical elements formed on a substrate for receiving light from a source and processing the incident light. The optical apparatus includes an addressing element for alternately addressing each diffractive optical element thereof to produce for one unit of time a first correlation with the incident light, and to produce for a different unit of time a second correlation with the incident light that is different from the first correlation. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the optical apparatus is in the form of a correlation spectrometer; and in other embodiments, the apparatus is in the form of an optical processor. In some embodiments, the optical apparatus comprises a plurality of diffractive optical elements on a common substrate for forming first and second gratings that alternately intercept the incident light for different units of time. In other embodiments, the optical apparatus includes an electrically-programmable diffraction grating that may be alternately switched between a plurality of grating states thereof for processing the incident light. The optical apparatus may be formed, at least in part, by a micromachining process.

Abstract translation: 用于形成相关光谱仪和光学处理器的光学装置。 光学装置包括形成在基板上的一个或多个衍射光学元件，用于接收来自光源的光并处理入射光。 光学装置包括用于交替地寻址其每个衍射光学元件的寻址元件，以产生与入射光的第一相关的一个单位时间，并且产生与不同于入射光的入射光的第二相关性。 第一相关。 在本发明的优选实施例中，光学装置是相关光谱仪的形式; 并且在其他实施例中，该装置是光学处理器的形式。 在一些实施例中，光学装置包括在公共基板上的多个衍射光学元件，用于形成用于不同单位时间交替地截取入射光的第一和第二光栅。 在其他实施例中，光学装置包括电可编程衍射光栅，其可以在其多个光栅状态之间交替地切换以处理入射光。 光学装置可以至少部分地通过微加工工艺形成。

公开(公告)号：US5856870A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-05

申请号：US833671

申请日：1997-04-08

Applicant: Lawrence E. Curtiss

Inventor： Lawrence E. Curtiss

IPC: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/20 ,  G01J3/36

CPC classification number: G01J3/20 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: A spectroanalytical system includes entrance aperture defining structure for receiving radiation to be analyzed along a first path; dispersion structure in the first path for spatially dispersing the radiation as a function of wavelength; exit aperture structure defining a non-elongate aperture for receiving radiation from the dispersion structure; detector aperture structure coupled to the exit aperture structure for detecting selected wavelengths of the dispersion radiation; and wedge-like conditioner structure disposed between the first path and between the dispersion structure and the entrance and exit aperture structures.

Abstract translation: 光谱分析系统包括用于沿着第一路径接收要分析的辐射的入口孔限定结构; 用于将辐射空间分散为波长的函数的第一路径中的分散结构; 出口孔结构限定用于接收来自分散结构的辐射的非细长孔; 耦合到出口孔结构的检测器孔结构，用于检测色散辐射的选定波长; 以及设置在第一路径之间和分散结构与入口和出口孔结构之间的楔形调节结构。

公开(公告)号：US5854078A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-29

申请号：US819240

申请日：1997-03-17

Applicant: Sanford A. Asher ,  John H. Holtz

Inventor： Sanford A. Asher ,  John H. Holtz

IPC: G01N21/41 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C08F2/00 ,  C08F2/16 ,  C08F2/48 ,  C08F220/56 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/48 ,  G02B26/00

CPC classification number: B01J13/00 ,  B01J13/0065 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01N21/4788 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N31/222 ,  G02B26/002 ,  G01N2021/772 ,  G01N2021/7723 ,  Y10S436/805 ,  Y10S436/811 ,  Y10T436/144444 ,  Y10T436/204998 ,  Y10T436/205831 ,  Y10T436/207497 ,  Y10T436/209163

Abstract: Novel sensor devices composed of a crystalline colloidal array (CCA) polymerized in a hydrogel are disclosed. The hydrogels are characterized as being capable of shrinking and swelling in response to specific stimuli applied thereto. As the hydrogels shrink or swell, the lattice structure of the CCA embedded therein changes, thereby changing the wavelength of light diffracted by the CCA. Thus by monitoring the change in diffracted wavelength, the concentration of a stimulus is determined. The gels can be modified to sense numerous different stimuli. The sensor devices are specific in that they are modified to react with only one species or family of species. These sensors have various applications in areas including, for example, environmental and chemical systems, chemomechanical systems, sensor devices and medical diagnostic tools. Various methods for making and using these devices are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了由在水凝胶中聚合的结晶胶体阵列（CCA）组成的新型传感器装置。 水凝胶的特征在于能够响应于施加于其上的特定刺激而收缩和膨胀。 当水凝胶收缩或膨胀时，嵌入其中的CCA的晶格结构发生变化，从而改变由CCA衍射的光的波长。 因此，通过监测衍射波长的变化，确定刺激的浓度。 可以修改凝胶以感测许多不同的刺激。 传感器装置是特定的，因为它们被修改为仅与一个物种或一系列物种反应。 这些传感器在包括例如环境和化学系统，化学机械系统，传感器装置和医疗诊断工具的领域中具有各种应用。 还公开了制造和使用这些装置的各种方法。

公开(公告)号：US5488240A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-30

申请号：US172899

申请日：1993-12-27

Applicant: Louis Hlousek ,  K. C. Odencrantz ,  Richard K. Oswald ,  Donald W. Dahlin ,  Saied Motaei ,  Paul W. Siggins ,  Kenny Wong ,  Ronald A. Smith ,  Philip M. Scheinert

Inventor： Louis Hlousek ,  K. C. Odencrantz ,  Richard K. Oswald ,  Donald W. Dahlin ,  Saied Motaei ,  Paul W. Siggins ,  Kenny Wong ,  Ronald A. Smith ,  Philip M. Scheinert

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G02B7/00 ,  G02B7/182 ,  H01J31/50

CPC classification number: G02B7/1828 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B7/005

Abstract: An apparatus and method for rotating an optical element, such as a diffraction grating or mirror, utilizes a moving coil actuator and an optical encoder to provide precise element position control. The moving coil actuator, which is coupled to the optical element, is comprised of a coil immersed in a magnetic field created by a pair of magnets. Current flowing in the coil windings causes the coil, and ultimately the optical element, to rotate. An optical encoder monitors the rotation of the element and provides rotation signals representative of the instantaneous element position to an actuator control circuit. The actuator control circuit phase shifts the rotation signals and compares the phase shifted rotation signals to a desired reference signal to generate position and velocity error signals. In a track follow mode, the position error signal is applied to the moving coil actuator via a loop compensator. When the apparatus is operating in an optimal seek mode, a trajectory generator receives the velocity error signals and generates an optimum velocity signal based on a preprogrammed velocity curve. The optimum velocity signal is then applied to the moving coil actuator via the loop compensator.

Abstract translation: 用于旋转光学元件（例如衍射光栅或反射镜）的装置和方法利用移动线圈致动器和光学编码器来提供精确的元件位置控制。 耦合到光学元件的移动线圈致动器包括浸入由一对磁体产生的磁场中的线圈。 在线圈绕组中流动的电流使得线圈和最终的光学元件旋转。 光学编码器监测元件的旋转并且向致动器控制电路提供表示瞬时元件位置的旋转信号。 致动器控制电路使旋转信号相移，并将相移的旋转信号与期望的参考信号进行比较，以产生位置和速度误差信号。 在跟踪跟踪模式中，位置误差信号通过环路补偿器施加到动圈线圈致动器。 当装置以最佳搜索模式操作时，轨迹发生器接收速度误差信号，并且基于预编程的速度曲线产生最佳速度信号。 然后通过环路补偿器将最佳速度信号施加到运动线圈致动器。

公开(公告)号：US5420416A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

申请号：US160212

申请日：1993-12-02

Applicant: Masanori Iida ,  Hiroyuki Asakura ,  Tetuji Miwa

Inventor： Masanori Iida ,  Hiroyuki Asakura ,  Tetuji Miwa

IPC: G02B6/293 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B26/08 ,  G02B27/62 ,  G01J1/20

CPC classification number: G02B6/4246 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/29314 ,  G02B6/29332 ,  G02B6/2938 ,  G02B6/29395

Abstract: An input light beam is applied to a diffraction element. The diffraction element is moved relative to a path of the input light beam while the input light beam is diffracted by the diffraction element and is thereby made into a diffracted light beam traveling from the diffraction element. A portion of the diffracted light beam is detected, and an intensity of the received diffracted light beam is also detected. In addition, a peak of the detected intensity of the received diffracted light beam is detected while the diffraction element is moved relative to the path of the input light beam. A position of the diffraction element is detected at which the detected peak of the detected intensity occurs. The position of the diffraction element is controlled on the basis of the detected position at which the detected peak of the detected intensity occurs.

Abstract translation: 输入光束被施加到衍射元件。 衍射元件相对于输入光束的路径移动，同时输入光束被衍射元件衍射，从而被制成从衍射元件行进的衍射光束。 检测衍射光束的一部分，并且还检测接收的衍射光束的强度。 此外，当衍射元件相对于输入光束的路径移动时，检测接收到的衍射光束的检测强度的峰值。 检测出检测出的强度的检测峰出现的衍射元件的位置。 基于检测到的检测到的峰值出现的检测位置来控制衍射元件的位置。

公开(公告)号：US5369276A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US907099

申请日：1992-07-01

Applicant: A. Wayne Antesberger

Inventor： A. Wayne Antesberger

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2823

Abstract: A real-time wavelength detection system having an infrared detector respove to focused input radiation indicative of a source image over a given frequency range. Diffraction means positioned on a detector surface window obtaining a diffraction pattern of the focused radiation. Output means provide an output of the image and diffraction pattern. The diffraction pattern is used for determining a discrete wavelength for the given frequency range of the source detected, without substantial impairment of system imagery.

Abstract translation: 一种实时波长检测系统，其具有响应于在给定频率范围内指示源图像的聚焦输入辐射的红外检测器。 衍射装置位于检测器表面窗口上，获得聚焦辐射的衍射图案。 输出装置提供图像和衍射图案的输出。 衍射图案用于确定所检测的源的给定频率范围的离散波长，而不会对系统图像造成实质的损害。