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    Process and apparatus for biomass cleaning in lignocellulosic biorefineries
    32.
    发明授权
    Process and apparatus for biomass cleaning in lignocellulosic biorefineries 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10316465B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-06-11

    申请号：US14944861

    申请日：2015-11-18

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Jean-Pierre Monclin

    IPC: D21B1/02 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C08H8/00

    Abstract: A wet process for cleaning biomass is disclosed, comprising: introducing biomass feedstock to a vibrating separator, to generate an overflow stream and an underflow stream, wherein the overflow stream comprises biomass and large grit, and wherein the underflow stream comprises fines and small grit; introducing the overflow stream to a kinetic separator, to generate an intermediate biomass stream and a large-grit stream; introducing the underflow stream and elutriation water to a hydroclone separator, to generate a wet biomass-fines stream and a small-grit stream; separating water contained in the wet biomass-fines stream and recycling it as elutriation water, to generate a biomass fines stream; and combining the biomass fines stream with the intermediate biomass stream, thereby generating clean biomass. An alternative embodiment for a dry process to clean biomass is also disclosed. The clean biomass may be used in a wide variety of biorefining processes.

    NANOCELLULOSE-REINFORCED CELLULOSE FIBERS
    33.
    发明申请
    NANOCELLULOSE-REINFORCED CELLULOSE FIBERS 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20180179348A1

    公开(公告)日：2018-06-28

    申请号：US15807763

    申请日：2017-11-09

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA

    IPC: C08J5/04 ,  C08L1/04 ,  D01C1/00

    Abstract: Nanocellulose-reinforced cellulose fibers can increase the strength of hardwood fibers or agricultural-residue cellulose fibers, to simulate the strength of softwood fibers in pulp or pulp products (including composites). In some variations, the invention provides a method of reinforcing cellulose fibers, comprising providing cellulose fibers derived from hardwoods, agricultural residues, or a combination thereof; providing a source of nanocellulose comprising cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals; and reinforcing the cellulose fibers with the nanocellulose to increase strength of the cellulose fibers. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose is obtained from fractionating biomass in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid phase; and then mechanically refining the cellulose-rich solids to generate the nanocellulose.

    Processes for producing high-yield pulp and paper products
    36.
    发明授权
    Processes for producing high-yield pulp and paper products 有权
    生产高产纸浆和纸制品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US09556558B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-01-31

    申请号：US14590681

    申请日：2015-01-06

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Vesa Pylkkanen ,  Theodora Retsina

    IPC: D21C1/02 ,  D21C9/02 ,  D21C11/10 ,  D21B1/02 ,  D21H11/08 ,  D21C11/00

    CPC classification number: D21C11/10 ,  D21B1/021 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C9/02 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21C11/0042 ,  D21H11/08

    Abstract: An improved semichemical pulping process is disclosed to reduce washing costs and recovery process costs, while producing equivalent pulp and paper products. In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a paper product from biomass, comprising: digesting lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to generate an intermediate pulp material and a liquid phase containing extracted hemicelluloses; mechanically refining the intermediate pulp material, to generate a refined pulp material; and introducing the refined pulp material, the liquid phase, and optionally a separate solid material to a paper machine, to produce a paper product. The process optionally employs no washing step. When the liquid phase is washed from the intermediate pulp material or the refined pulp material using an aqueous wash solution, the wash filtrate may be introduced directly or indirectly to the paper machine.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的半化学制浆方法，以减少洗涤成本和回收过程成本，同时生产等效的纸浆和纸制品。 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种用于从生物质生产纸产品的方法，包括：在蒸汽和/或热水存在下消化木质纤维素生物质以产生中间纸浆材料和含有提取的半纤维素的液相; 机械地精炼中间纸浆材料，以产生精制纸浆材料; 并将精制纸浆材料，液相和任选的单独的固体材料引入造纸机，以生产纸制品。 该方法任选地不采用洗涤步骤。 当使用水性洗涤溶液从中间纸浆材料或精炼纸浆材料洗涤液相时，洗涤滤液可以直接或间接引入造纸机。

    REFINING CELLULOSE IN A SOLVENT FOR PRODUCTION OF NANOCELLULOSE MATERIALS
    37.
    发明申请
    REFINING CELLULOSE IN A SOLVENT FOR PRODUCTION OF NANOCELLULOSE MATERIALS 审中-公开
    用于生产纳米纤维素材料的溶剂中的精制纤维素

    公开(公告)号：US20160326697A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-10

    申请号：US14705954

    申请日：2015-05-06

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Ryan P. O'CONNOR

    IPC: D21H17/06 ,  D21C11/00 ,  D21H11/18

    CPC classification number: D21C11/0007 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C9/007 ,  D21H11/18 ,  Y02P40/44

    Abstract: Cellulose precursor materials may be refined (e.g., fibrillated) in an ethanol medium, or other solvent medium, instead of water. Following refining, the solvent may be removed and recycled prior to incorporation into another material, or optionally, following such incorporation. The solvent may assist the incorporation of nanocellulose into another material (e.g., a polymer) for a composite, for example. In some variations, a process comprises fractionating a biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids, in the presence of a refining solvent, to form cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals, thereby generating a nanocellulose material; recovering and recycling the refining solvent; and recovering the nanocellulose material or incorporating the nanocellulose material into a composite material.

    Abstract translation: 纤维素前体材料可以在乙醇介质或其它溶剂介质中而不是水中被精制（例如，原纤化）。 精炼后，可以将溶剂除去并再循环，然后再掺入另一种材料中，或任选地，在这样的掺入之后。 例如，溶剂可以有助于将纳米纤维素结合到用于复合材料的另一种材料（例如，聚合物）中。 在一些变型中，方法包括在酸，木质素和水的溶剂的存在下分解生物质原料，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体; 在精制溶剂的存在下机械处理富含纤维素的固体，以形成纤维素原纤维和/或纤维素晶体，从而产生纳米纤维素材料; 回收和再循环精炼溶剂; 并回收纳米纤维素材料或将纳米纤维素材料掺入复合材料中。

    PROCESSES FOR CONSUMING ACETIC ACID DURING FERMENTATION OF CELLULOSIC SUGARS, AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM
    38.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES FOR CONSUMING ACETIC ACID DURING FERMENTATION OF CELLULOSIC SUGARS, AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM 审中-公开
    糖尿病发酵过程中消耗醋酸的方法及其生产的产品

    公开(公告)号：US20160281117A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-09-29

    申请号：US15082826

    申请日：2016-03-28

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  David GLASSNER ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

    IPC: C12P7/64 ,  C12P7/10

    CPC classification number: C12P7/64 ,  C12F3/04 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/54 ,  C12P19/02 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17

    Abstract: This invention provides a way to deal with acetic acid derived from biomass, for fermentation of cellulosic sugars. In some variations, a process for producing ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass comprises: extracting hemicelluloses and acetic acid from lignocellulosic biomass; hydrolyzing the hemicelluloses, using an acid catalyst or enzymes, to generate hemicellulose monomers and more acetic acid; fermenting acetic acid to lipids using a suitable lipid-producing microorganism, thereby reducing acetic acid concentration; fermenting hemicellulose monomers to ethanol using a suitable ethanol-producing microorganism; and recovering the ethanol. The co-fermentation of acetic acid and sugars may be carried out in a single fermentor or in separate fermentors. The invention may be applied to fermentation products other than ethanol. In some embodiments, the fermentation product can act as an extraction solvent to extract lipids from the lipid-producing microorganism, such as a lipid-producing yeast.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种处理来自生物质的乙酸，用于发酵纤维素糖的方法。 在一些变型中，从木质纤维素生物质生产乙醇的方法包括：从木质纤维素生物质中提取半纤维素和乙酸; 使用酸催化剂或酶水解半纤维素以产生半纤维素单体和更多的乙酸; 使用合适的产生脂质的微生物将乙酸发酵至脂质，从而降低乙酸浓度; 使用合适的乙醇生产微生物将半纤维素单体发酵成乙醇; 并回收乙醇。 乙酸和糖的共发酵可以在单个发酵罐中或在单独的发酵罐中进行。 本发明可以应用于乙醇以外的发酵产物。 在一些实施方案中，发酵产物可以起提取溶剂的作用，从产生脂质的微生物如脂质生产酵母提取脂质。

    METHODS FOR REDUCING CONTAMINATION DURING ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF BIOMASS-DERIVED CELLULOSE
    39.
    发明申请
    METHODS FOR REDUCING CONTAMINATION DURING ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF BIOMASS-DERIVED CELLULOSE 审中-公开
    降低生物质衍生纤维素酶水解过程中污染的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20160257979A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-09-08

    申请号：US15062155

    申请日：2016-03-06

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Gonçalo PEREIRA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN

    IPC: C12P19/02 ,  C12P13/20 ,  C12P13/06 ,  C12P13/14 ,  C12P13/24 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P13/08

    CPC classification number: C12P19/02 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  Y02E50/16

    Abstract: Some variations provide a method of enzymatically converting biomass-derived cellulose to glucose, comprising exposing the biomass-derived cellulose to (i) cellulase enzymes, to hydrolyze the cellulose to glucose; and (ii) an external sulfur-containing compound, to deter bacterial and/or yeast contamination during cellulose hydrolysis. In some embodiments, the sulfur-containing compound includes sulfur dioxide or lignosulfonates. When the sulfur-containing compound includes lignosulfonates, the lignosulfonates may also function as an enzyme surfactant to assist hydrolysis, in addition to deterring bacterial and/or yeast growth/contamination. This method may be applied to cellulose-rich solids obtained from the AVAP® fractionation process, the Green Power+® pretreatment process, or any other source of cellulose-rich solids.

    Abstract translation: 一些变型提供了将生物质衍生的纤维素酶转化为葡萄糖的方法，包括将生物质衍生的纤维素暴露于（i）纤维素酶，以将纤维素水解成葡萄糖; 和（ii）外部含硫化合物，以阻止纤维素水解期间的细菌和/或酵母污染。 在一些实施方案中，含硫化合物包括二氧化硫或木质素磺酸盐。 当含硫化合物包括木质素磺酸盐时，除了阻止细菌和/或酵母生长/污染之外，木质素磺酸盐还可以作为酶表面活性剂起辅助水解作用。 该方法可以应用于从AVAP®分馏工艺，Green Power®预处理工艺或任何其他富含纤维素的固体源获得的富含纤维素的固体。

    PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS, AND PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    40.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS, AND PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS OBTAINED THEREFROM 审中-公开
    从生物质生物质生产药物制剂的方法及其获得的药物制剂

    公开(公告)号：US20160184438A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-06-30

    申请号：US14980065

    申请日：2015-12-28

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Kimberly Nelson ,  Theodora Retsina ,  Vesa Pylkkanen

    IPC: A61K47/38 ,  C08B15/08

    CPC classification number: A61K47/38 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H6/00 ,  C08H8/00

    Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a microcrystalline cellulose material, comprising: fractionating lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; chemically and/or mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form microcrystalline cellulose having an average crystallinity of at least 60%; and recovering the microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient. The pharmaceutical excipient may function as an antiadherent, a binder, a coating, or a disintegrant. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical excipient further comprises a lignin-derived lubricant, glidant, sorbent, preservative, or other component. The pharmaceutical excipient may be present in a pill, tablet, capsule, powder, slurry, or other pharmaceutically effective and acceptable form.

    Abstract translation: 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种用于生产微晶纤维素材料的方法，包括：在酸，木质素和水的溶剂存在下分解木质纤维素生物质原料，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体 ; 化学和/或机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成平均结晶度至少为60％的微晶纤维素; 并回收作为药物赋形剂的微晶纤维素。 药物赋形剂可用作抗粘附剂，粘合剂，包衣或崩解剂。 在一些实施方案中，药物赋形剂还包含来自木质素的润滑剂，助流剂，吸附剂，防腐剂或其它组分。 药物赋形剂可以以丸剂，片剂，胶囊，粉末，浆液或其它药学上有效和可接受的形式存在。

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