Abstract:
A flow cell includes a transparent planar member having a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposite to the first principal surface. The planar member has a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape and that penetrates through the first principal surface and the second principal surface. The flow cell further includes a first lens element having a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape. The first lens element is disposed on the first principal surface of the planar member such that the through-hole in the planar member communicates with the through-hole in the first lens element. The flow cell further includes a second lens element having a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape. The second lens element is disposed on the second principal surface of the planar member such that the through-hole in the planar member communicates with the through-hole in the second lens element.
Abstract:
In a sample analyzing apparatus, an injector assembly injects a reagent onto a sample, and luminescent light from the sample is transmitted to a detector. The assembly may be movable toward and away from the sample. The assembly may include one or more needles that communicate with one or more reservoirs supplying reagent or other liquids. The assembly may include a light guide for communicating with the detector. A cartridge may be provided in which the assembly, one or more reservoirs, and one or more pumps are disposed. The cartridge and/or the apparatus may be configured for enabling rinsing or priming to be done outside the apparatus. The cartridge and/or the apparatus may include one or more types of sensors configured for detecting, for example, the presence of liquid or bubbles in one or more locations of the apparatus and/or the cartridge.
Abstract:
A flow cell includes a transparent planar member having a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposite to the first principal surface. The planar member has a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape and that penetrates through the first principal surface and the second principal surface. The flow cell further includes a first lens element having a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape. The first lens element is disposed on the first principal surface of the planar member such that the through-hole in the planar member communicates with the through-hole in the first lens element. The flow cell further includes a second lens element having a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape. The second lens element is disposed on the second principal surface of the planar member such that the through-hole in the planar member communicates with the through-hole in the second lens element.
Abstract:
A device for determining a concentration of at least one gas in a sample gas stream includes an analysis chamber, a detector, and a connecting channel. The analysis chamber is configured to have the sample gas stream and a reaction gas stream be introduced therein. The sample gas stream and the reaction gas stream are mixed to a gas mixture which reacts so as to emit an optical radiation. The detector is configured to measure the optical radiation. The connecting channel is configured to connect the analysis chamber to the detector. The connecting channel is configured as a light conductor extending from the analysis chamber to the detector.
Abstract:
Proposed is a defect inspection method whereby: illuminating light having a substantially uniform illumination intensity distribution in one direction of a sample surface irradiated on the sample surface; multiple scattered light components, which are output in multiple independent directions, are detected among the scattered light from the sample surface and multiple corresponding scattered light detection signals are obtained; at least one of the multiple scattered light detection signals is processed and the presence of defects is determined; at least one of the multiple scattered light detection signals that correspond to each of the points determined by the processing as a defect is processed and the dimensions of the defect are determined; and the position and dimensions of the defect on the sample surface, at each of the points determined as a defect, are displayed.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for imaging a biologic sample is provided. The apparatus includes at least one light source, at least one lens array, at least one image detector, a positioning system, and an image processor. The lens array has a plurality of lengthwise extending rows, which rows are successively arranged in a widthwise direction. Each row has a plurality of micro lenses, with each micro lens having a resolution field. Each micro lens is adapted to receive light from the illuminated region of the sample and to produce a beam of light. Each row includes a first micro lens and the first micro lens in each successive row is offset from the first micro lens in the previous row by a predetermined amount extending in the lengthwise direction. The offset between successive rows aligns the resolution fields of the micro lenses to collectively create a continuous resolution field across the length of the lens array. The positioning system moves the lens array and image detector relative to the sample, or vice versa, or both. The image processor produces an image signal indicative of the illuminated region of the sample produced from data signals from the image detector.
Abstract:
A gas composition monitoring arrangement for a module 2 used in a solid oxide fuel cell comprises provision of an optically transparent window 4 in the end of a gas flow channel 3 formed in that module 2. Thus, the window 4 allows passive and active optical gas analysis of the gas flow through the channel in situ without the necessity as with previous systems of drawing a proportion of that gas flow away from the module 2 and therefore fuel cell for appropriate analysis. In such circumstances, actual in situ gas composition determination is achieved rather than a determination which may be distorted through the transfer regime to a previous remote gas analysis apparatus.
Abstract:
An optical measurement apparatus is provided with a light source and guiding module and a receiving module in the present invention. The light source and guiding module, composed of a light source module and a light-guiding apparatus, is used to provide a low-cost area light source and to transfer the area light source to become a linear incident light through the light-guiding apparatus. And the receiving module, composed of a linear or area CCD sensor, is used to provide the linear or area detection for an array-type sample with the help of the light source and guiding apparatus. The present invention will simplify the complexity of the optical mechanism of two-dimension moving and single-point-scanning mode of the conventional optical measurement apparatus.
Abstract:
The invention can be used to determine the color to be given to a dental prosthesis, for example, on the basis of color measurements performed on adjacent teeth in the mouth of the patient. An optical fiber instrument picks up light reflected from a tooth and transmits it to the inlet of a spectrocolorimeter which associated with a microprocessor in order to determine the diffuse spectral reflectance of the tooth and to calculate the tristimulus values of its apparent color under various different types of illumination. The invention is particularly suitable for determining the color of dental prostheses.
Abstract:
A spectrophotometer (10) is provided having the capability to accurately measure spectral reflectance at relatively long sample distances. A first illumination optics arrangement (14) assures uniform illumination to a portion of the sample and a second optical arrangement (20) focuses the reflected image of part of the illuminated sample onto a polychromator (22). Reference beam means are provided so that the polychromator sequentially measures the spectral characteristics of the reference beam and the sample. Continuous monitoring of the illumination at select wavelengths provides illumination normalization data so that a microprocessor (40) can normalize the illumination and compare the reference beam and sample measurements to accurately determine the spectral reflectance characteristics of the sample. Angular and raster scanning capability is also provided.