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    Fuel compositions
    41.
    发明申请
    Fuel compositions 失效
    燃料组成

    公开(公告)号：US20040107634A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-06-10

    申请号：US10310031

    申请日：2002-12-05

    Inventor： Greg Binions

    IPC: C10L001/18 ,  C10L001/10

    CPC classification number: C10L10/02 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1822 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/328

    Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid fuel composition comprising: 10-80 vol % of a first component comprising at least two aliphatic organic non-hydrocarbon compounds; 20-65 vol % of a second component comprising at least one hydrocarbon and having an aromatic content of less than 15 vol % of the total of the second component; 1-35 vol % of a third component, which comprises an oxygenate; and 0.01 to 20 vol % water, wherein at least one compound in the fuel composition is miscible with both water and hydrocarbons to provide a single phase composition. Such fuels have been found to reduce undesirable emissions in the exhaust gases and enable the use of recycled compounds and water in the fuel.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及液体燃料组合物，其包含：10-80体积％的包含至少两种脂族有机非烃化合物的第一组分; 20-65体积％的包含至少一种烃并且具有小于第二组分总量的15体积％的芳族含量的第二组分; 1-35体积％的第三组分，其包含含氧化合物; 和0.01至20体积％的水，其中燃料组合物中的至少一种化合物可与水和烃两者混溶以提供单相组合物。 已经发现这种燃料减少废气中的不期望的排放物，并且能够在燃料中使用回收的化合物和水。

    Anti-slagging fuel additive and method for combustion of fuel
    42.
    发明申请
    Anti-slagging fuel additive and method for combustion of fuel 审中-公开
    防渣燃料添加剂和燃料燃烧方法

    公开(公告)号：US20040079925A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-29

    申请号：US10471596

    申请日：2003-09-23

    Inventor： Masaki Shouji ,  Teruo Onozawa ,  Shigeru Nakai

    IPC: C09K015/32 ,  C10L001/28 ,  C10L001/12

    CPC classification number: F23K1/00 ,  B01J13/0034 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  C10G75/04 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/06 ,  C10M159/20 ,  C10M159/22 ,  F23K5/10 ,  F23K2201/505

    Abstract: A fuel additive is directed to preventing slagging, a phenomenon caused by the ash in a fuel particularly during the combustion of a fuel having such a large ash content as is typically found in coal or oil coke, for example. It is formed of a composition having one or more compounds selected from among aluminum compounds, silica compounds, titanium compounds and zirconium compounds invariably of the form of ultrafine particles having a particle diameter in the range of 3 to 200 nm and no less than 2 wt. % of an alkali metal (RnullNa or K) compound as reduced to the R2O concentration dispersed in a stable state in water and/or oil. When a liquid fuel oil and/or a solid fuel is made to incorporate the fuel additive therein and then subjected to combustion, the deposited ash can be easily peeled and shed from the surface of the furnace wall or the water pipes.

    Abstract translation: 燃料添加剂旨在防止结渣，特别是在具有例如在煤焦油或焦油中发现的灰分含量较高的燃料燃烧时燃料中的灰分引起的现象。 它由具有一种或多种选自铝化合物，二氧化硅化合物，钛化合物和锆化合物的化合物的组合物形成，该化合物通常具有粒径在3至200nm且不小于2wt 。 ％的碱金属（R = Na或K）化合物还原为分散在水和/或油中的稳定状态的R2O浓度。 当制备液体燃料油和/或固体燃料以将燃料添加剂并入其中然后进行燃烧时，沉积的灰分可以容易地从炉壁或水管的表面剥离和脱落。

    Composition as an additive to create clear stable solutions and microemulsions with a combustible liquid fuel to improve combustion
    44.
    发明授权
    Composition as an additive to create clear stable solutions and microemulsions with a combustible liquid fuel to improve combustion 失效
    组合物作为添加剂，用可燃液体燃料产生清晰的稳定溶液和微乳液以改善燃烧

    公开(公告)号：US06348074B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-02-19

    申请号：US09228821

    申请日：1999-01-11

    Applicant: Deborah Wenzel

    Inventor： Deborah Wenzel

    IPC: C01L1000

    CPC classification number: C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1266 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2227 ,  C10L1/226 ,  C10L1/328 ,  C10L10/02

    Abstract: The present invention relates to an additive composition for a combustible fuel to utilize readily available and renewable resources and to produce improved combustion and reduced smoke and particulate production of the combusted fuel, which additive composition comprises: a. ethanol, in an anhydrous state or as a 0.5-36% aqueous solution, optionally with alcohols having between about 3 and 5 carbon atoms, and one or more of the following: b. one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of clear, liquid saturated or unsaturated, straight- or branched-chain alcohols having from between about 6 and 12 carbon atoms, optionally with alcohols having between about 13-18 carbon atoms, orone or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated straight- or branched-long-chain alcohols having between about 13 and 18 carbon atoms, where the ethylene oxide add-on is less than 5 moles; c. a fatty acid of the structure R—(C═O)—OH, wherein R is selected from alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having from about 10 to 24 carbon atoms, with a source of nitrogen in an anhydrous state or as an aqueous solution of ammonia, wherein components a to c when combined with mixing with said combustible fuel form a clear stable microemulsion having a viscosity similar to a liquid fossil fuel; and wherein said additive composition excludes glycerine, polyethylene, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylenes, aromatic organic compounds, sulfur, sulfur compounds, metals, and metal compounds. Specifically, compositions of ethanol, iso-propanol, octanol, 2-ethyl-hexanol, linoleic acid, oleic acid, ammonia, and water are preferred to produce minimum smoke, particulates, and noxious gases upon combustion.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于可燃燃料的添加剂组合物，其利用容易得到的和可再生的资源，并且产生改进的燃烧和减少燃烧的燃料的烟雾和微粒的产生，该添加剂组合物包括：a。 乙醇，无水状态或0.5-36％的水溶液，任选含有约3至5个碳原子的醇，以及以下一种或多种：b。 选自具有约6至12个碳原子的透明，液体饱和或不饱和的直链醇或任选具有约13-18个碳原子的醇的一种或多种醇，或一种或多种醇 选自具有约13至18个碳原子的乙氧基化直链或支链长链醇，其中环氧乙烷附加物小于5摩尔; c。 结构为R-（C = O）-OH的脂肪酸，其中R选自具有约10至24个碳原子的烷基，烯基或炔基，具有无水状态的氮源或氨水溶液 其中当与所述可燃燃料混合时组分a至c形成具有类似于液体化石燃料的粘度的透明稳定的微乳液; 并且其中所述添加剂组合物不包括甘油，聚乙烯，聚氧乙烯，聚氧丙烯，芳族有机化合物，硫，硫化合物，金属和金属化合物。 具体地说，优选乙醇，异丙醇，辛醇，2-乙基己醇，亚油酸，油酸，氨和水的组合物在燃烧时产生最小的烟雾，微粒和有毒气体。

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