公开(公告)号：US20080159480A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

申请号：US11611441

申请日：2006-12-15

Applicant: Peter Wraight ,  Arthur J. Becker ,  Joel L. Groves ,  Christian Stoller

Inventor： Peter Wraight ,  Arthur J. Becker ,  Joel L. Groves ,  Christian Stoller

IPC: G01B15/02 ,  H01J35/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J2235/0233 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/163 ,  H05G1/02 ,  H05G1/10

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the density and other properties of a formation surrounding a borehole using a high voltage x-ray generator. One embodiment comprises a stable compact x-ray generator capable of providing radiation with energy of 260 keV and higher while operating at temperatures equal to or greater than 125° C. In another embodiment, radiation is passed from an x-ray generator into the formation; reflected radiation is detected by a short spaced radiation detector and a long spaced radiation detector. The output of these detectors is then used to determine the density of the formation. In one embodiment, a reference radiation detector monitors a filtered radiation signal. The output of this detector is used to control at least one of the acceleration voltage and beam current of the x-ray generator.

Abstract translation: 一种用于使用高压x射线发生器确定围绕钻孔的地层的密度和其它性质的装置和方法。 一个实施例包括稳定的紧凑型x射线发生器，其能够在等于或大于125℃的温度下工作时提供260keV或更高能量的辐射。在另一个实施例中，辐射从X射线发生器传送到地层 ; 反射辐射由短间隔的辐射检测器和长间隔的辐射检测器检测。 然后使用这些检测器的输出来确定地层的密度。 在一个实施例中，参考辐射检测器监视经滤波的辐射信号。 该检测器的输出用于控制x射线发生器的加速电压和射束电流中的至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US20080049888A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-28

申请号：US11757137

申请日：2007-06-01

Applicant: Ka-Ngo Leung ,  Qing Ji ,  William Barletta ,  Ximan Jiang ,  Lili Ji

Inventor： Ka-Ngo Leung ,  Qing Ji ,  William Barletta ,  Ximan Jiang ,  Lili Ji

IPC: G21K1/02 ,  G01N23/203 ,  H01J37/08

CPC classification number: G01N23/203 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  G01V5/0008 ,  H01J3/025 ,  H01J3/04 ,  H01J27/024 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J37/045 ,  H01J37/077 ,  H01J37/08 ,  H01J37/3172 ,  H01J37/3174 ,  H01J37/3177 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2237/0435 ,  H01J2237/061 ,  H01J2237/06366 ,  H01J2237/06375 ,  H01J2237/3171

Abstract: Techniques for controllably directing beamlets to a target substrate are disclosed. The beamlets may be either positive ions or electrons. It has been shown that beamlets may be produced with a diameter of 1 μm, with inter-aperture spacings of 12 μm. An array of such beamlets, may be used for maskless lithography. By step-wise movement of the beamlets relative to the target substrate, individual devices may be directly e-beam written. Ion beams may be directly written as well. Due to the high brightness of the beamlets from extraction from a multicusp source, exposure times for lithographic exposure are thought to be minimized. Alternatively, the beamlets may be electrons striking a high Z material for X-ray production, thereafter collimated to provide patterned X-ray exposures such as those used in CAT scans. Such a device may be used for remote detection of explosives.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于将子束可控地引导到目标衬底的技术。 子束可以是正离子或电子。 已经表明，可以制造直径为1um的子束，孔径间隔为12μm。 这种子束的阵列可用于无掩模光刻。 通过子束相对于目标衬底的逐步运动，各个器件可以被直接电子束写入。 离子束也可以直接写入。 由于从多焦源提取的子束的高亮度，认为光刻曝光的曝光时间被最小化。 或者，子束可以是撞击高Z材料用于X射线产生的电子，然后准直以提供图案化的X射线曝光，例如在CAT扫描中使用的那些。 这种装置可用于远程检测炸药。

公开(公告)号：US07317785B1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-08

申请号：US11636769

申请日：2006-12-11

Applicant: Yun Zou ,  Yang Cao ,  Mark Ernest Vermilyea

Inventor： Yun Zou ,  Yang Cao ,  Mark Ernest Vermilyea

IPC: H01J35/30

CPC classification number: H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/30 ,  H01J2235/06

Abstract: The present technique provides a method for controlling an electron beam (e-beam) in an X-ray tube. The method comprises emitting electrons from an electron source to form the e-beam, accelerating the e-beam from a cathode through an aperture in a plate, focusing and steering the e-beam from the aperture through a plurality of field generating plates, and accelerating the e-beam from the plurality of the field generating plates to a target. Also provided are X-ray tubes and computed tomography systems.

Abstract translation: 本技术提供了一种用于控制X射线管中的电子束（e-beam）的方法。 该方法包括从电子源发射电子以形成电子束，将来自阴极的电子束加速通过板中的孔，通过多个场产生板聚焦和转向来自孔的电子束，并且 将电子束从多个场产生板加速到目标。 还提供了X射线管和计算机断层摄影系统。

公开(公告)号：US20060274889A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-07

申请号：US11415953

申请日：2006-05-02

Applicant: Jianping Lu ,  Otto Zhou ,  Yuan Cheng

Inventor： Jianping Lu ,  Otto Zhou ,  Yuan Cheng

IPC: H01J35/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/482 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01J3/021 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/105 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/22 ,  H01J35/28 ,  H01J35/30 ,  H01J2201/30469 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/064 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H05G1/34

Abstract: An x-ray generating device includes a field emission cathode formed at least partially from a nanostructure-containing material having an emitted electron current density of at least 4 A/cm2. High energy conversion efficiency and compact design are achieved due to easy focusing of cold cathode emitted electrons and dramatic reduction of heating at the anode. In addition, by pulsing the field between the cathode and the gate or anode and focusing the electron beams at different anode materials, pulsed x-ray radiation with varying energy can be generated from a single device. Methods and apparatus for independent control of electron emission current and x-ray energy in x-ray tubes are also provided. The independent control can be accomplished by adjusting the distance between the cathode and anode. The independent control can also be accomplished by adjusting the temperature of the cathode. The independent control can also be accomplished by optical excitation of the cathode. The cathode can include field emissive materials such as carbon nanotubes.

Abstract translation: X射线产生装置包括至少部分地由具有至少4A / cm 2的发射电子电流密度的含纳米结构的材料形成的场致发射阴极。 由于容易聚焦冷阴极发射电子并显着降低阳极的加热，因此实现了高能量转换效率和紧凑设计。 此外，通过在阴极和栅极或阳极之间脉冲电场并将电子束聚焦在不同的阳极材料处，可以从单个器件产生具有变化能量的脉冲X射线辐射。 还提供了用于独立控制X射线管中的电子发射电流和X射线能量的方法和装置。 独立控制可以通过调节阴极和阳极之间的距离来实现。 独立控制也可以通过调节阴极的温度来实现。 独立控制也可以通过阴极的光学激发来实现。 阴极可以包括诸如碳纳米管的场发射材料。

公开(公告)号：US20050175151A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-11

申请号：US10708048

申请日：2004-02-05

Applicant: Bruce Dunham ,  Colin Wilson ,  John Price

Inventor： Bruce Dunham ,  Colin Wilson ,  John Price

IPC: G21K5/02 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G21K5/04 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/22 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J2235/02 ,  H01J2235/06

Abstract: An field emitter array system (10) includes a housing (50). An emitter array (80) generates an electron beam and has multiple emitter elements (81) that are disposed within the housing (50). Each of the emitter elements has multiple activation connections (92).

Abstract translation: 场发射器阵列系统（10）包括壳体（50）。 发射极阵列（80）产生电子束并具有设置在壳体（50）内的多个发射极元件（81）。 每个发射器元件具有多个激活连接（92）。

公开(公告)号：US20180190466A1

公开(公告)日：2018-07-05

申请号：US15861554

申请日：2018-01-03

Applicant: ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Inventor： Sora PARK ,  Yoon-Ho SONG ,  Jin-Woo JEONG ,  Jun Tae KANG

IPC: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J19/38

CPC classification number: H01J35/065 ,  H01J19/38 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J2235/06

Abstract: An electron emission source includes a cathode electrode having a recess region formed in an upper portion thereof and the yarn emitter having a tip shape and provided in the recess region of the cathode electrode. The yarn emitter is spaced from an inner surface of the recess region of the cathode electrode.

公开(公告)号：US09472371B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-18

申请号：US14499045

申请日：2014-09-26

Applicant: Varian Medical Systems, Inc.

Inventor： Gary F. Virshup ,  Stephen G. Bandy ,  Michael C. Green ,  Clifford K. Nishimoto ,  James R. Boye

IPC: H01J9/00 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J9/04

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J9/042 ,  H01J2235/06

Abstract: Embodiments include an X-ray cathode filament, filament system, process to manufacture the filament and process to use the filament, where the filament includes a planar substrate, such as of tungsten, having a top surface coated with a coating of carburized tungsten (e.g., W2C) and thoria (ThO2). A first electron beam is emitted from the coating through a thermionic effect at a first temperature, such as when the filament is heated to between 1700 and 1900 degrees Celsius by running an electrical current through the filament. At this temperature, a second electron beam may be caused by (1) a reaction that includes creating thorium (Th) in the coating, and (2) the thorium diffusing to uncoated surfaces of the substrate from which the second electron beam is emitted. The filament may also have slots forming a zipper shape, forming a square switchback shape, or forming a rectangular labyrinth shape to reduce the current required to heat the filament.

Abstract translation: 实施方案包括X射线阴极细丝，细丝系统，制造丝的方法和使用丝的方法，其中细丝包括具有涂覆有渗碳钨涂层的顶表面的诸如钨的平面基底（例如， ，W2C）和thoria（ThO 2）。 第一电子束在第一温度下通过热离子效应从涂层发射，例如当灯丝通过电流通过灯丝而被加热到1700和1900摄氏度之间时。 在该温度下，可以通过（1）包括在涂层中产生钍（Th）的反应和（2）钍扩散到发射第二电子束的衬底的未涂覆表面的方式引起第二电子束。 灯丝还可以具有形成拉链形状的槽，形成方形折回形状，或形成矩形迷宫形状以减少加热灯丝所需的电流。

公开(公告)号：US09466456B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-11

申请号：US14753276

申请日：2015-06-29

Applicant: American Science and Engineering, Inc.

Inventor： Martin Rommel ,  Peter Rothschild

IPC: H01J35/10 ,  G21K1/04 ,  H01J35/16

CPC classification number: H01J35/10 ,  G21K1/043 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H01J2235/16

Abstract: An x-ray tube for generating a sweeping x-ray beam. A cathode is disposed within a vacuum enclosure and emits a beam of electrons attracted toward a rotating anode. The rotating anode is adapted for rotation with respect to the vacuum enclosure about an axis of rotation. At least one collimator opening or aperture corotates with the rotating anode within the vacuum enclosure, such that a swept x-ray beam is emitted.

Abstract translation: 用于产生扫掠X射线束的X射线管。 阴极设置在真空外壳内并发射朝向旋转阳极吸引的电子束。 旋转阳极适于围绕旋转轴线相对于真空外壳旋转。 至少一个准直器开口或孔与真空外壳内的旋转阳极对称，使得发射扫掠的X射线束。

公开(公告)号：US20160217965A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-28

申请号：US14607942

申请日：2015-01-28

Applicant: VARIAN MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.

Inventor： Bradley D. Canfield

IPC: H01J35/04 ,  H01J9/18 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J9/04

CPC classification number: H01J35/045 ,  H01J9/042 ,  H01J9/18 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/068

Abstract: A cathode head can include: a first electron emitter filament having a first size; a first grid pair defining walls of a first filament slot having the first filament therein, each grid member of the first grid pair being electronically coupled to different voltage sources; a second electron emitter filament; and a second grid pair defining walls of a second filament slot having the first electron emitter therein, each grid member of the second grid pair being electronically coupled to different voltage sources. The first grid pair can have a first and second grid members; and the second grid pair can have the second grid member and a third grid member. The first grid member and third grid member are electronically coupled to the same voltage source and the second grid member being electronically coupled to a different voltage source.

Abstract translation: 阴极头可以包括：具有第一尺寸的第一电子发射器灯丝; 第一格栅对，其限定其中具有第一细丝的第一细丝槽的壁，所述第一栅格对的每个栅格元件电耦合到不同的电压源; 第二电子发射极; 以及限定其中具有第一电子发射体的第二灯丝槽的壁的第二栅极对，所述第二栅极对的每个栅极元件电耦合到不同的电压源。 第一个网格对可以具有第一和第二网格成员; 并且第二格栅对可以具有第二格栅构件和第三格栅构件。 第一格栅构件和第三格栅构件电耦合到相同的电压源，并且第二格栅构件电耦合到不同的电压源。

公开(公告)号：US20160163497A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-09

申请号：US14559747

申请日：2014-12-03

Applicant: VARIAN MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.

Inventor： Kasey Otho Greenland ,  Robert S. Miller

IPC: H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/06 ,  C23C16/06 ,  C23C4/08 ,  C23C14/24 ,  C23C14/14 ,  H01J35/18 ,  C23C4/12

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  C23C4/08 ,  C23C4/12 ,  C23C4/122 ,  C23C4/123 ,  C23C4/126 ,  C23C4/127 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C14/24 ,  C23C16/06 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/088 ,  H01J2235/168 ,  H01J2235/18

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter includes devices and methods relating to anode assemblies and/or X-ray assemblies. In some aspects, a method of forming an X-ray assembly may include providing an anode base formed of a first material and including a first end. The method may include depositing a second material different from the first material over a first surface of the anode base to form a coated portion of the anode base. The coated portion may be configured such that some backscattered electrons do not travel beyond the coated portion.

Abstract translation: 所公开的主题包括与阳极组件和/或X射线组件相关的装置和方法。 在一些方面，形成X射线组件的方法可以包括提供由第一材料形成并包括第一端的阳极基底。 该方法可以包括在阳极基底的第一表面上沉积不同于第一材料的第二材料以形成阳极基底的涂覆部分。 涂覆部分可以被配置为使得一些背散射电子不会超过涂覆部分。