公开(公告)号：US5262840A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-16

申请号：US781

申请日：1993-01-04

Applicant: Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

Inventor： Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/4742

Abstract: A reflectometer for measuring absorption of light in selected regions of the light spectrum by a diffuse reflector. The reflectometer is adapted to precisely measure absorption resulting from the constituents present in body fluids. The sample to be measured is illuminated by a focused light source at an angle of 45.degree. to its surface. The light diffusely reflected about the normal to the sample falls on a small round bundle of optical fibers at the opposite end of the bundle, the fibers are arranged into a narrow rectangle. This rectangle forms the entrance slit for a concave holographic diffraction grating. The grating forms images of this entrance slit spectrally separated over a flat field suitable for recording the spectrum on film or on an array of discrete detectors.

Abstract translation: 用于通过漫反射器测量光谱的选定区域中的光的吸收的反射计。 反射计适用于精确测量由体液中存在的成分引起的吸收。 要测量的样品被聚焦光源以与其表面成45度的角度照射。 围绕样品的法线漫反射的光落在束的相对端的小圆形光纤束上，纤维被排列成窄的矩形。 该矩形形成凹面全息衍射光栅的入口狭缝。 光栅形成在适合于在胶片上或在离散检测器阵列上记录光谱的平坦场上光谱分离的入口狭缝的图像。

公开(公告)号：US4948256A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US240195

申请日：1988-09-06

Applicant: Chin-Ru Lin ,  Yueh-Joy Dong ,  Jinn-Trong Wu

Inventor： Chin-Ru Lin ,  Yueh-Joy Dong ,  Jinn-Trong Wu

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2201/0826 ,  G01N2201/0833

Abstract: This invention relates to a optical fiber type colorimeter, and in particularly it refers to a colorimeter which uses optical fibers to transmit light to sample or reference matter. Scattered light reflected from matter surface is received by a optical fiber and then transmitted to a grating which splits light into spectrum. An A/D converter is connected to the driver circuit to communicated signal to computer for analysis of chromatic value, and determination of chrominace of sample, especially for analysis of some solid, products like textile, paper or brick. Since optical fibers are used in this invention, it enables more flexible installation of this invention. Moreover, precision of measurement is no longer affected by testing environment. The fabrication cost is lowered without the use of conventional reflective mirror.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种光纤型色度计，特别涉及使用光纤将光透射到样品或参考物质的色度计。 从物质表面反射的散射光被光纤接收，然后传输到将光分解成光谱的光栅。 A / D转换器连接到驱动电路，将信号传送到计算机，以分析色彩值，并确定样品的色度，特别是用于分析一些固体产品，如纺织品，纸张或砖。 由于在本发明中使用光纤，因此能够更灵活地安装本发明。 此外，测量精度不再受测试环境的影响。 在不使用常规反射镜的情况下，制造成本降低。

公开(公告)号：US4804266A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

申请号：US8544

申请日：1987-01-29

Applicant: Yoav Barshad

Inventor： Yoav Barshad

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/062 ,  G01J2003/066 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/1838

Abstract: A system for rapid-scan spectral analysis comprising a concave holographic diffraction grating continuously rotated at a substantially constant angular velocity to provide a rapid scanning monochromator (a monochromator is used to transfer nominal regions of wavelengths out of the continuous light source). The unique sampling circuitry uses an optical shaft encoder. The angular velocity and angular acceleration of the grating are calculated from time measurements, just before the first wavelength of interest falls on the detector. This information is used to control the Analog to Digital converter sampling rate across the region of interest. The samples as a function of time are stored in a memory buffer so that each data point corresponds to a wavelength.

Abstract translation: 一种用于快速扫描光谱分析的系统，包括以基本上恒定的角速度连续旋转的凹面全息衍射光栅，以提供快速扫描单色仪（使用单色仪将标称的波长区域转移出连续光源）。 独特的采样电路采用光轴编码器。 光栅的角速度和角加速度由时间测量计算，就在感兴趣的第一波长落在检测器之前。 该信息用于控制整个感兴趣区域的模数转换器采样率。 作为时间的函数的样本被存储在存储器缓冲器中，使得每个数据点对应于波长。

公开(公告)号：US4241999A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-30

申请号：US936592

申请日：1978-08-24

Applicant: Michel Pouey

Inventor： Michel Pouey

IPC: G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/189

Abstract: Various vacuum ultraviolet monochromators embodying a rotatable diffraction grating and fixed entrance and exit slits, and working at a predetermined magnification are disclosed which provide improved optical performances by a correction of the odd terms of the wavefront aberration. In one group of instruments the fixed angle 2.theta. between the entrance and the exit beams is 90.degree. and the magnification 1. In another group, grazing incidence instruments are considered, 2.theta. being equal to 166.degree..

Abstract translation: 公开了具有可旋转衍射光栅和固定的入口和出口狭缝的各种真空紫外单色仪，并且以预定的倍率工作，其通过校正波前像差的奇数项来提供改进的光学性能。 在一组仪器中，入射光束和出射光束之间的固定角度2θ为90°，放大倍率为1。另一组中，考虑放射入射仪器，2θ等于166°。

公开(公告)号：US4063818A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-20

申请号：US679870

申请日：1976-04-23

Applicant: Didier Lepere

Inventor： Didier Lepere

IPC: G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838

Abstract: A monochromator having a fixed inlet slot, a holographic grating carried on a concave turnable support, and a fixed outlet slot, the support surface of the holographic grating being a concave portion of a toroidal surface, taken at the outer periphery of the toroid, and symmetrically disposed with respect to the equatorial plane of the toroid, the equatorial plane also containing the point sources for recording the holographic grating.

Abstract translation: 具有固定入口狭缝的单色仪，承载在凹形可转动支撑件上的全息光栅和固定出口狭缝，全息光栅的支撑表面是环形表面的凹部，在环形面的外周截取， 相对于环形面的赤道平面对称设置，赤道面还包含用于记录全息光栅的点源。

公开(公告)号：US4036558A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-19

申请号：US537460

申请日：1974-12-30

Applicant: Michel Pouey

Inventor： Michel Pouey

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/40 ,  G01J3/12

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838

Abstract: The invention provides a focalization process of spherical concave diffraction gratings, working by reflection for the dispersion of various radiations constituting a polychromatic light, in which fixed entrance and exit slits are used and in which only a certain rotation is imparted to the grating, the rotation is imparted to the grating in such a way as to make the radiations move in the exit slit. For a certain ruled width of a given grating and a given resolution, the sum of the object and image tangential focal length equations has a value .epsilon. different from zero and determined in function of the aberrations furnished by a concave grating corresponding to the retangular port.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种球面凹面衍射光栅的聚焦方法，其通过反射工作，用于构成多色光的各种辐射的分散，其中使用固定的入口和出口狭缝，并且仅向光栅施加一定的旋转，旋转 以使得辐射在出口狭缝中移动的方式被赋予光栅。 对于给定光栅和给定分辨率的特定格局宽度，物体和图像切向焦距方程的总和具有不同于零的值，并且由与对角矩形端口相对应的凹形光栅所提供的像差确定。

公开(公告)号：US3973850A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-10

申请号：US497940

申请日：1974-08-16

Applicant: Michel Pouey

Inventor： Michel Pouey

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G03H1/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/189 ,  Y10S359/90

Abstract: Spectrometric gratings formed by holographic techniques are disclosed. The gratings are employed in monochromator mounts of the type in which fixed entrance and exit slits are combined with simple rotation of the grating to scan the spectral range of interest, the angles of incidence and diffraction and the positions of the slits being so related that the mounts are characterized by improved optical performance due to phase balancing and improved focussing properties according both to geometrical and diffraction theories. The parameters involved in the holographic formation of the gratings, specifically the angularities and positions of the point sources forming the holographic image of the grating lines, are specifically related to the characteristics of the mount as to improve further their optical characteristics, particularly with respect to mounts either employing "normal" (i.e., relatively small) angles of incidence with large grating apertures or employing grazing incidence (i.e., for use in the far ultraviolet region).

Abstract translation: 公开了通过全息技术形成的光谱光栅。 光栅用于单色仪安装，其中固定的入口和出口狭缝与光栅的简单旋转组合以扫描感兴趣的光谱范围，入射角和衍射角以及狭缝的位置如此相关， 由于相位平衡和基于几何和衍射理论的改进的聚焦特性，安装座的特征在于改善的光学性能。 涉及光栅全息形成的参数，特别是形成光栅线的全息图像的点光源的角度和位置，特别是与安装座的特性相关，以进一步提高其光学特性，特别是相对于 使用具有大光栅孔径或采用掠入射（即用于远紫外区域）的“正常”（即相对小的）入射角安装。

公开(公告)号：US3909134A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-30

申请号：US48985574

申请日：1974-07-19

Applicant: JOBIN & YVON

Inventor： PIEUCHARD GUY ,  FLAMAND JEAN ,  CORDELLE JEAN

IPC: G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838

Abstract: Monochromator having a concave grating of the type in which monochromatic selection is carried out solely by rotation of the grating about its apex, comprising a grating, a fixed entry slit to light up the grating with a beam of white light and a fixed exit slit to collect monochromatic light reflected from the grating, the said grating having the form of a concave spherical calotte and the lines of the grating being situated at the intersection of the calotte with a family of quadrics of revolution one of the foci of which is situated at the centre of curvature of the spherical calotte wherein the two slits of the monochromator are each situated at a distance from the apex of the spherical calotte of between R and 0.84 R where R is the radius of the spherical calotte, and the angle at which the two slits are viewed from the apex of the spherical calotte is between 26* and 65*.

Abstract translation: 具有凹型光栅的单色器，其中单色选择仅通过围绕其顶点的光栅的旋转进行，包括光栅，用白光束照射光栅的固定入口狭缝和固定的出口狭缝 收集从光栅反射的单色光，所述光栅具有凹形球形光栅的形式，并且光栅的线条位于该光栅的一个四重旋转系列的交点处，其中一个焦点位于 球形杯的曲率中心，其中单色仪的两个狭缝各自位于距离球面calotte的顶点与R和0.84之间的距离R，其中R是球形calotte的半径， 从球形钙钛矿的顶点观察的狭缝在26°和65°之间。

公开(公告)号：US3600093A

公开(公告)日：1971-08-17

申请号：US3600093D

申请日：1969-11-10

Applicant: SPERRY RAND CORP

Inventor： MCMAHON DONALD H

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G02B5/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838

Abstract: A monochromator comprising a plane mirror and a substantially planar grating which operates at the blaze angle throughout a predetermined range of input wavelengths. The mirror and grating are disposed in vertically oriented intersecting planes and rigidly affixed to one another for common rotation about the vertical axis of intersection. Light passing through the entrance aperture of the instrument and impinging on the grating is diffracted thereby onto the mirror from which it is then reflected toward an exit aperture, the wave length selected for transmission through the exit aperture being determined in accordance with the angular position of the grating-mirror combination about its rotational axis.

公开(公告)号：US20240180428A1

公开(公告)日：2024-06-06

申请号：US18438144

申请日：2024-02-09

Applicant: OMNI MEDSCI, INC.

Inventor： Mohammed N. ISLAM

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61C1/00 ,  A61C19/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01M3/38 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N21/88 ,  G01N21/95 ,  G01N33/02 ,  G01N33/15 ,  G01N33/44 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G16H40/67 ,  G16Z99/00 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/30

CPC classification number: A61B5/0088 ,  A61B5/0013 ,  A61B5/0022 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/4547 ,  A61B5/6801 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  A61B5/7405 ,  A61B5/742 ,  A61C19/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/88 ,  G01N33/02 ,  G01N33/025 ,  G01N33/15 ,  G01N33/442 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G16H40/67 ,  G16Z99/00 ,  A61B5/0024 ,  A61B2562/0233 ,  A61B2562/0238 ,  A61B2562/146 ,  A61B2576/02 ,  A61C1/0046 ,  G01J2003/104 ,  G01J2003/1208 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01J2003/2826 ,  G01M3/38 ,  G01N2021/3513 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  G01N2021/399 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N21/9508 ,  G01N2201/061 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/062 ,  G01N2201/08 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G01N2201/129 ,  H01S3/0092 ,  H01S3/06758 ,  H01S3/302 ,  Y02A90/10

Abstract: An optical system comprises a wearable device for measuring one or more physiological parameters. The physiological parameters may change in response to stretching of the hand or movement of fingers or thumb of the user, or the parameters may be related to blood constituents or blood flow. The wearable device comprises a light source with a plurality of semiconductor diodes and a detection system that measures reflected light from tissue comprising skin. The semiconductor diodes may be light emitting diodes or laser diodes. The signal to noise ratio for the output signal may be improved by synchronizing the detection system to the light source, increasing light intensity of at least one of the plurality of semiconductor diodes from an initial light intensity, and using change detection that compares light on versus light off for the detection system output. The wearable device is also configured to identify an object.