Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a method to clean up or keep clean the fuel system of a direct injection spark-ignited engine by operating the engine with a fuel composition that includes a liquid fuel and a fuel additive composition.The fuel additive composition useful in the present invention has at least one nitrogen-containing dispersant and optionally a fluidizer where the dispersant has a specific lipophilic parameter and the dispersant or the dispersant and the fluidizer have a specific hydrophilic-lipophilic parameter, the dispersant provides about 0.15 to about 50 ppm by weight nitrogen in the fuel composition, and the fluidizer and/or the dispersant provide about 10 to about 10,000 ppm by weight active components.The method of the present invention is effective in controlling deposits in fuel injectors and combustion chambers of a direct injection spark-ignited engine.
Abstract:
Fuel compositions comprising a major amount of a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of a hydroxylamine or a salt thereof, more often wherein each hydroxylamino group of the hydroxylamine or salt thereof contains no more than one tertiary alkyl substituent. The hydroxylamine or salt thereof provide improved combustion properties to a wide variety of normally liquid fuels, including hydrocarbon based fuels, oxygenates and synthetic fuels.
Abstract:
Fuel compositions comprising a major amount of a normally liquid hydrocarbon based fuel and a minor amount of a compound having at least one strained ring group containing from 3 to 4 ring atoms.
Abstract:
In a method operating an internal combustion engine, a nitrogen-containing detergent composition is introduced into a combustion chamber of the engine wherein the detergent composition can improve the performance of both a fuel composition and a lubricating oil of the engine. The detergent composition contains (A) a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine, (B) a hydrocarbyl-substituted amine, (C) a Mannich reaction product, (D) a high molecular weight polyetheramine, or (E) a mixture thereof.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition usable for a diesel fuel of a diesel engine having a particulate trap in an exhaust system, and capable of reducing he ignition temperature of the exhaust particles trapped. SOLUTION: This composition of (A) an organometallic complex and (B) an antioxidant can be useful in the diesel fuel for operating the diesel engine having the particulate trap in the exhaust system. The composition of the components (A) and the component (B) is useful for reducing the ignition temperature of the exhaust particles collected by the trap. The organometallic complex (A) can be dissolved in or stably dispersed in the diesel fuel, and can be derived from (i) an organic compound containing at least two functional groups connected to a hydrocarbon bond, and (ii) a metallic reactive agent capable of forming the complex with the organic compound (i).
Abstract:
This invention relates to a composition, comprising: (A) a compound represented by formula (I): RO(C4H8O)nCH2CH2CH2NH2, wherein in formula (I), R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, an n is a number in the range of about 12 to about 30; and (B) a compound selected from the group consisting of: a fatty acid; a fatty acid amide; a fatty acid ester; an amide or imide derived from a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or anhydride wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent has about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; an alkoxylated amine, and mixtures of two or more thereof. The invention also relates to concentrates and fuels containing the foregoing composition.
Abstract:
Un proceso para la obtención de una composición de combustible de hidrocarburo acuoso que comprende: (A) mezclado de un combustible de hidrocarburo normalmente líquido y al menos un aditivo químico para formar una mezcla de combustible de hidrocarburo-aditivo; comprendiendo el aditivo químico una composición emulsionante que consiste en (i) una combinación de (i)(a) un primer producto soluble en combustible de hidrocarburo obtenido por reacción de un primer agente acilante de ácido carboxílico sustituido con hidrocarbilo con una alcanol amina, teniendo el sustituyente hidrocarbilo de dicho primer agente acilante de 50 a 500 átomos de carbono, y (i)(b) un segundo producto soluble en combustible de hidrocarburo obtenido por reacción de un agente acilante de ácido carboxílico sustituido con hidrocarbilo con al menos una etilen poliamina, teniendo dicho sustituyente hidrocarbilo de dicho segundo agente acilante de 50 a 500 átomos de carbono; o una mezcla de (i) y (ii) un compuesto iónico o no iónico que tiene un equilibrio lipófilo - lipófilo de 1 a 10; en combinación con (iii) una sal hidrosoluble distinta a (i) y (ii) representada por la fórmula: K[G(NR3)y)y+nXpen la que G es hidrógeno o un grupo orgánico de 1 a 8 átomos de carbono que tiene una valencia y; cada R es independientemente hidrógeno o un grupo hidrocarbilo de 1 a 10 átomos de carbono; Xp- es un anión que tiene una valencia de p; y k, y, n y p son independientemente enteros de al menos 1; siempre que cuando G sea H, y sea 1; y siendo la suma de la carga positiva ky+ igual a la suma de la carga negativa nXp-; y (B) mezclado de dicha combinación de combustible de hidrocarburo-aditivo con agua en condiciones de mezclado de alta cizalla en una mezcladora de alta cizalla para formar dicha composición de combustible de hidrocarburo acuoso, incluyendo dicha composición de combustible de hidrocarburo acuoso una fase acuosa discontinua, consistiendo dicha fase discontinua en gotas acuosas con un diámetro medio de 1, 0 micrómetros o menos.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a composition, comprising:(A) a compound represented by the formulawherein in formula (I), R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, an n is a number in the range of about 12 to about 30; and(B) a compound selected from the group consisting of: a fatty acid; a fatty acid amide; a fatty acid ester; an amide, imide or ester derived from a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or anhydride wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent has about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; an alkoxylated amine, and mixtures of two or more thereof. The invention also relates to concentrates and fuels containing the foregoing composition.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a composition made by reactingA) an aldehyde of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a reactive equivalent thereof; andB) at least one etheramine represented by the formula R 2 [O(CH 2 CH(R)O) n ―R 1 ―NH 2 ] y (I)wherein each n is a number from 0 to about 50; each R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof; each R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbylene group containing 2 to about 18 carbon atoms and a group represented by the formula ―(R 6 N) p ―R 7 ―wherein both R 6 and R 7 are hydrocarbylene groups of about 3 to about 10 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 4; y is 1, 2, or 3; and each R 2 is a hydrocarbyl group having a valence of y and containing 1 to about 50 carbon atoms when y is 1 and 1 to about 18 carbon atoms when y is 2 or 3; y is 1, 2, or 3; provided that when n is zero, y is 1.The reaction product can include a N-substituted perhydro-s-triazine represented by the formulaFuel additives containing these compositions are useful in reducing intake valve deposit and do not contribute to the increase in combustion chamber deposit in port fuel injected engines.
Abstract:
A fuel composition for use in an internal combustion engine containing (a) a diesel fuel, (b) ethanol, (c) a surfactant, and optionally (d) a combustion improver, which provides lubricity to the engine and reduces exhaust emissions.