Abstract:
An imaging spectrometer (2) is disclosed that comprises imaging means for dividing a received image into two or more spatially separated spectral images and means for detecting each spectral image (4), and is characterised in that the imaging means comprises at least one polarising beam splitter (18, 20, 22; 64, 68, 72). The polarising beam splitter may be a Wollaston prism. In one embodiment of the invention, the imaging means comprises image replication means (12) to produce two or more spatially separated images, and one or more filter elements such as dichroic filters (8) which act to alter the spectral characteristics of one or more of the spatially separated images. In a further embodiment of the invention the imaging means comprises one or more spectral replication means arranged in optical series, each spectral replication means comprising an optical retardation element (62, 66, 70) and a polarising beam splitter (64, 68, 72).
Abstract:
This invention provides a novel method and apparatus which use a wavelength-dispersing means such as a diffraction grating (220) to spatially separate a multi-wavelength optical signal along with a reference signal by wavelength into multiple spectral channels and a reference spectral component in a spectral array with a predetermined relative alignment. By aligning the reference spectral component at a predetermined location, the spectral channels simultaneously impinge onto designated locations, e.g., on an array of beam-receiving elements positioned in accordance with the spectral array. The reference spectral component may be further maintained at the predetermined location by way of servo-control (260), thereby ensuring that the spectral channels stay aligned at the designated locations. The present invention can be used to construct a new line of servo-based optical systems, including spectral power monitors and optical multiplexers/demultiplexers, for WDM optical networking applications.
Abstract:
Plural electronic or optical images are provided in a streak optical system, as for instance by use of plural slits instead of the conventional single slit, to obtain a third, fourth, etc. dimension - rather than only the conventional two, namely range or time and azimuth. Such additional dimension or dimensions are thereby incorporated into the optical information that is to be streaked and thereby time resolved. The added dimensions may take any of an extremely broad range of forms, including wavelength, polarization state, or one or more spatial dimensions - or indeed virtually any optical parameter that can be impressed upon a probe beam. Resulting capabilities remarkably include several new forms of lidar spectroscopy, fluorescence analysis, polarimetry, spectropolarimetry, and combinations of these, as well as a gigahertz wavefront sensor.
Abstract:
An optical spectrum analyzer comprises a diffraction grating (DG), a polarization decomposing unit (PDM) for decomposing the input light beam into first and second light beams having mutually-perpendicular linear states of polarization, and two output ports (FP2/1, FP2/2) each for receiving from the grating, substantially exclusively, a respective one of the polarized light beams (LT, LR) after diffraction by the diffraction grating (DG). Each of the linearly-polarized light beams is directed onto the diffraction grating with its linear state of polarization at any prescribed angle to a corresponding plane of diffraction of the diffraction grating. The arrangement is such that the state of polarization of the light beams, at any particular wavelength within an operating band of the analyzer remains substantially unchanged with respect to time. The analyzer also may have a reflector (RAM) for reflecting the light beams leaving the diffraction grating after diffraction a first time so as to return them to the diffraction grating for diffraction a second time.
Abstract:
A polarized sample beam (12) of broadband radiation is focused onto the surface of a sample (3) and the radiation modified by the sample is collected by means of a mirror system (16) in different planes of incidence. The sample beam focused to the sample has a multitude of polarization states. The modified radiation is analyzed with respect to a polarization plane to provide a polarimetric spectrum. Preferably the polarization of the sample beam is altered only by the focusing and the sample, and the analyzing is done with respect to a fixed polarization plane. In the preferred embodiment, the focusing of the sample beam and the collection of the modified radiation are repeated employing two different apertures (30) to detect the presence or absence of a birefringence axis in the sample. In another preferred embodiment, the above-described technique may be combined with ellipsometry for determining the thickness and refractive indices of thin films.
Abstract:
transmitting a beam of light onto a surface (17) of an element (1) comprising a fissile material,-passing the beam of light reflected by the surface into a polarisation analyser (27) having a modifiable analysis direction,-transmitting the beam from the polarisation analyser (27) to a device (31) for acquiring digital images,-acquiring at least one digital image (31) of the surface (17) of the element (1) and-processing the digital image acquired in order to measure the anisotropy. Use, for example, in controlling particles of nuclear fuel for an HTR/VHTR type reactor. ® KIPO & WIPO 2008
Abstract:
An optical apparatus using DCARS(Depletion Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy) is provided to secure spatial resolving power below a diffraction limit by utilizing the DCARS adopting a laser beam of a doughnut mode, and to measure a sample without influence on the sample. An optical apparatus(100) using DCARS for observing a sample after expanding a micro part of the sample by irradiating the light to the sample is composed of a first optical device for generating the depletion light; a second optical device for generating the anti-stroke light; an optical system for mixing the depletion light and the anti-stroke light and then irradiating the mixed light to the sample; and a detector(190) for detecting the light reflected from the sample.
Abstract:
파장의 선택성을 높이기 위해 다중화된 홀로그램들이 사용하고 상기 홀로그램들 상에 광이 거의 수직으로 입사되도록 하기 위해 편광 조절이 사용되는 광학 장치. 편광 조절은 홀로그램들로부터 반사된 광이 홀로그램들 상에 입사되는 광들과 분리되도록 해준다. 어느 한 어플리케이션에 있어서, 장치는 샘플로부터 산란된 방사선으로부터 분석물의 스펙트럼 선들을 추출하는데 사용될 수 있다.