Abstract:
Various embodiments include systems and methods to provide selectable variable gain to signals in measurements using incident radiation. The selectable variable gain may be used to normalize signals modulated in measurements using incident radiation. The selectable variable gain may be attained using a number of different techniques or various combinations of these techniques. These techniques may include modulating a modulator having modulating elements in which at least one modulating element acts on incident radiation differently from another modulating element of the modulator, modulating the use of electronic components in electronic circuitry of a detector, modulating a source of radiation or combinations thereof. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
Abstract:
Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Kalibrierung der Empfindlichkeit eines Fotometers (1) mit einem von einer Strahlungsquelle (2) zur Erzeugung der Messstrahlung durchleuchteten, das Messgas enthaltenden Messraum (3) und einem weiterhin im Strahlengang angeordneten, mindestens eine Fensteröffnung (7, 8) aufweisenden drehbaren Blendenrad (6) zur Modulation der Messstrahlung, dem eine Detektoreinheit (9) mit Auswertung nachgeschaltet ist, wobei dass die Fensteröffnungen (7, 8) des Blendenrades (6) derart gestaltet sind, dass die durchstrahlte Fläche nicht konstant ist, um mindestens ein Referenzsignal (S 1 und S 2 ; S 3 ) mit einer von dessen Modulationsfrequenz f m unterschiedlichen weiteren Modulationsfrequenz f, zu erzeugen, aus dem zu Kalibrierungszwecken durch Vergleich mit einem aus einer früheren Kalibrierungsmessung hinterlegten Referenzsignal (S 1 ' und S 2 '; S 3 ') eine Aussage über die Veränderung der Empfindlichkeit des Fotometers (1) ableitbar ist.
Abstract:
A receiver for a radiated electromagnetic signal includes elements 26, 22 that respectively transmit a high percentage and a low percentage of the incident signal, in combination with a detector 24. The device is adapted for mounting on or near a horizontal surface, such as a ceiling. The signal is preferably in the infrared region of the spectrum. The receiver provides non-electronic gain control and, when the high-transmission element 26 passes the signal wavelength preferentially over the other wavelengths, it also provides improved noise immunity.
Abstract:
Presented here are devices and methods to correct ambient light measurements made in the presence of optical elements, such as the curved edge of the cover glass associated with the mobile device. In one embodiment, a film with optical properties is placed within the ambient light sensor to diffuse the high-intensity light beam coming from the optical element. In another embodiment, an aperture associated with the ambient light sensor is disposed to prevent the high-intensity light beam from entering the ambient light sensor. In another embodiment, a processor coupled to the ambient light sensor smooths the peak associated with the high intensity light beam produced by the optical element.
Abstract:
A calibration system is provided including an aperture layer, a lens layer, an optical filter, a pixel layer and a regulator. The aperture layer defines a calibration aperture. The lens layer includes a calibration lens substantially axially aligned with the calibration aperture. The optical filter is adjacent the lens layer opposite the aperture layer. The pixel layer is adjacent the optical filter opposite the lens layer and includes a calibration pixel substantially axially aligned with the calibration lens. The calibration pixel detects light power of an illumination source that outputs a band of wavelengths of light as a function of a parameter. The regulator modifies the parameter of the illumination source based on a light power detected by the calibration pixel.
Abstract:
Optical sensing systems having improved vibration cancelation, and methods of achieving improved vibration cancelation. In one example, an optical sensing system (200) includes an optical sensor (210) configured to produce an unprocessed sensor output signal (215) representative of a response of the optical sensor to at least an optical signature of interest and a local vibration excitation, a reference sensor (220) configured to provide a reference signal responsive (225) to the local vibration excitation, and a controller (260), including an adaptive digital filter (230), coupled to the optical sensor and to the reference sensor, and configured to receive the reference signal and to adjust one or more coefficients of the adaptive digital filter to minimize coherence between a residual signal (255) and the reference signal, the residual signal being a difference between the sensor output signal and a filter output signal (235) from the adaptive digital filter.
Abstract:
Various embodiments of a light detection device (10) and a system (2) that utilizes such device (10) are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the light detection device (10) includes a housing (12) that includes a port (20) disposed in a top surface (14), a receptacle (30) disposed within the housing (12) and adapted to receive a sample (80), a detector (40) disposed within the housing (12) along an optical axis (31) and including an input surface (42) having an active area, and a reflector (50) disposed within the housing (12) along the optical axis (31) between the receptacle (30) and the input surface (42) of the detector (40). The reflector (50) includes an input aperture (56) disposed adjacent the receptacle (30), an output aperture (58) disposed adjacent the input surface (42) of the detector (40), and a reflective surface (51) that extends between the input aperture (56) and the output aperture (58).
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Funktionseinheit, umfassend ein oder mehrere Funktionselemente sowie ein Leiterplattensubstrat mit einer Oberfläche. Die Aufgabe, für eine Funktionseinheit Maßnahmen bereitzustellen, so dass jegliche Störstrahlung außerhalb eines interessierenden Wellenlängenbereiches derart unterdrückt wird, dass die Funktionseinheit keine Sensitivität in anderen Wellenlängenbereichen aufweist, dass das Messergebnis nicht durch Störstrahlung verfälscht wird, wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Funktionseinheit in das Leiterplattensubstrat eingebettet oder auf dem Leiterplattensubstrat angeordnet ist und strahlungsundurchlässige Mittel um die Funktionseinheit und/oder um das mindestens eine Funktionselement ausgebildet sind.
Abstract:
In order to reduce the exposure of a detector surface 180 of a photo-multiplier 160 to stray charged particles, an off-axis structure is interposed between the resonant structure and the detector surface of the photo-multiplier. By providing the off-axis structure with at least one reflective surface, photons are reflected toward the detector surface of the photo-multiplier while at the same time absorbing stray charged particles. Stray particles may be absorbed by the reflective surface or by any other part of the off- axis structure. The off-axis structure may additionally be provided with an electrical bias and/or an absorbing coating for absorbing stray charged particles.