Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an aqueous solution of a copolymer, wherein the time of occupation of a reactor for producing an aqueous solution of a copolymer can be shortened by avoiding or reducing foaming. SOLUTION: In producing an aqueous solution of a copolymer comprising (a) 50-99.5 mass% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and/or dicarboxylic acid (monomer A), (b) 0.5-50 mass% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound (monomer B) selected from an ester of an amine having at least one hydroxy group with an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, and a monoester and diester of the amine with an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, and (c) up to 20 mass% of at least one other monomer (monomer C), the monomers A, B and C are polymerized in an aqueous medium in the presence of at least one foam inhibitor. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a high molecular weight polymer by carrying out a radical solution polymerization of maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether. SOLUTION: Maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether (e.g. methyl vinyl ether) is subjected to a radical solution polymerization in the presence of 5-100 wt.% copolymer of the maleic anhydride and the alkyl vinyl ether having 100,000-10,000,000 dalton molecular weight based on the total amount of the monomers to be polymerized, preferably at 40-70 deg.C. The alkyl group of the alkyl vinyl ether has 1-8C. 2, 2'-Azobis(isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4- dimethylvaleronitrile) or the like is usable as a polymerization initiator. The reaction is preferably carried out in a state in which the copolymer of the maleic anhydride and the alkyl vinyl ether is dissolved in a solvent and present in a vessel.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a polymer obtained by the radical copolymerization of a specific monomer mixture composition containing a quaternizable monomer as a conditioning agent in a hair cosmetic composition. SOLUTION: The use of a polymer obtained by the radical copolymerization of a monomer mixture comprising (A) 1-99.99 wt.% of a cationic monomer or a quaternizable monomer [preferably an N-vinylimidazole derivative of the formula (R -R are each H, a 1-4C alkyl or the like)], (B) 0-98.99 wt. % of a water-soluble monomer (preferably N-vinylpyrrolidone), (C) 0-50 wt.% of a radically copolymerizable monomer (e.g. N-t-butylacrylamide) and (D) 0.01-10 wt.% of another bifunctional or multifunctional radically copolymerizable monomer (e.g. tripropylene glycol diacrylate) and further quaternizing the obtained polymer, when the monomer A is not quaternized, as a conditioning agent.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing water soluble polymers of esters from ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyalkylene glycols by azeotropic esterification of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with polyalkylenglycols which are closed at one side by end groups. Esterification is performed in the presence of organic solvents which together with water form an azeotrope of at least 85 weight %. Subsequent radical polymerization is performed on the esters thus obtained thereby optionally together with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous medium. The organic solvent is azeotropically strip distilled out of the reaction mixture during the polymerization process and strip distilled water is reintroduced or the amount of water strip distilled out of the reaction mixture is replaced by adding fresh water.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing alkylpolyalkylene glycol esters of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids by esterifying (a) monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with (b) polyalkylene glycols which are closed on one side by terminal groups, in a substance in the presence of polymerisation inhibitors and esterification catalysts at temperatures of 160 DEG C at the most. The esterification is first carried out at atmospheric pressure or at pressures of up to 50 bar, the water produced during the esterification is then distilled from the reaction mixture at a pressure of between 10 and 500 mbar, and the esterification is then continued at atmospheric pressure or at pressures of up to 50 bar.
Abstract:
Alkylpolyalkylene glycol esters of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids are prepared by esterifying (a) monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with (b) polyalkylene glycols which are endcapped at one end, in the absence of a solvent and in the presence of polymerization inhibitors and esterification catalysts at not more than 160° C. by a process in which the esterification is first carried out under atmospheric pressure or at up to 50 bar, the water formed in the esterification is then distilled from the reaction mixture at from 10 to 500 mbar and the esterification is then continued under atmospheric pressure or at up to 50 bar.
Abstract:
Polymers of ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing at least one covalently bonded N atom in the molecule, polymerised in the presence of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides or derivatives thereof, obtainable by free-radical-initiated copolymerisation of (A) monomers or monomer mixtures from the group consisting of (a) N-vinylimidazoles which are substituted on the heterocyclic ring by up to three C1- to C12-alkyl radicals and can be present in N-quaternary form or in salt form, (b) five- to eight-membered N-vinyllactams which can be substituted on the ring by up to three C1- to C12-alkyl radicals, (c) dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates or methacrylates which have a total of up to 30 C atoms in the dialkylaminoalkyl radical and can be present in N-quaternary form or in salt form, (d) N-(dialkylaminoalkyl)acrylamide or N-(dialkylaminoalkyl)methacrylamide which has a total of up to 30 C atoms in the dialkylaminoalkyl radical and can be present in N-quaternary form or in salt form, and (e) diallyl-C1- to C12-alkylamines or salts thereof or diallyldi(C1- to C12-alkyl) ammonium compounds, where as further comonomers to (A) additionally (f) monoethylenically unsaturated C3- to C10-carboxylic acids and alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium salts thereof, (g) monoethylenically unsaturated C3- to C10-carboxylic acid esters and (h) small amounts of compounds containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule can be present, in the presence of (B) monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, thermally or mechanically treated, oxidatively, hydrolytically or enzymatically degraded polysaccharides, oxidised, hydrolytically or enzymatically degraded polysaccharides, chemically modified mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides or mixtures of the aforementioned compounds (B) in the ratio by weight (A):(B) of (95 to 20):(5 to 80). The polymers are suitable for use as film-forming conditioners in cosmetic preparations and as stabilisers for perfumes and perfume oils.
Abstract:
Copolymers contain, as characteristic polymerized monomer units, (a) 2 to 50 mol % vinylalkylether with 3 to 30 C atoms in the molecule; (b) 10 to 88 mol % monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides and (c) 10 to 88 mol % dialkylesters of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids. A process is disclosed for producing these copolymers by copolymerizing the monomers (a), (b) and (c) at temperatures between 40 and 180 C in the presence of radical-building initiators. Also disclosed is the use of the copolymers as film forming resins in hair sprays and in the form of alkaline metal, ammonium or alkaline earth metal salts as thickeners for aqueous systems, such as cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, textile printing pastes, liquid washing and cleaning agents.