Abstract:
Systems and methods for performing hemodialysis to remove metabolic waste from the blood of a patient are disclosed. The systems and methods preferably comprise at (east one blood processing apparatus that receives whole blood from a patient. Cellular blood components are removed from the whole blood by hemoftitration, to provide filtered plasma comprising metabolic waste that is substantially reduced of blood cells. The cellular blood components may be returned to the patient. The filtered plasma comprising waste may be removed from the blood processing apparatus through a waste path for further processing in a separate apparatus, or in the same apparatus in a second stage processing procedure to remove metabolic waste components and excess water from the plasma by hemodialysis. At least one of the hemofiltration and hemodialysis processing apparatus comprises a Taylor vortex-enhanced separation apparatus.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis having integrated electrodeionization capabilities are provided. In an embodiment, the dialysis system (10) includes a carbon source (40), a urease source (50) and an electrodeionization unit (30). The carbon source (40) and urease source (50) can be in the form of removable cartridges.
Abstract:
In a peritoneal dialysis embodiment of the present invention, spent dialysate from the patient's peritoneal cavity passes, along a patient loop, through a dialyzer having a membrane that separates waste components from the spent dialysate, wherein the patient loop returns fresh dialysate to the patient's peritoneal cavity. The waste components are carried away in a second regeneration loop to a regeneration unit or sorbent cartridge, which absorbs the waste components. The regeneration unit removes undesirable components in the dialysate that were removed from the patient loop by the dialyzer, for example, excess water (ultrafiltrate or UF), toxins and metabolic wastes. Desirable components can be added to the dialysate by the system, such as glucose and electrolytes. The additives assist in maintaining the proper osmotic gradients in the patient to perform dialysis and provide the necessary compounds to the patient.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for selectively removing xenoreactive antibodies from blood, serum or plasma are provided wherein a ligand capable of binding to xenoreactive antibodies is immobilized to an immunoaffinity membrane, and the blood, serum or plasma is passed through the ligand-containing immunoaffinity membrane so that xenoreactive antibodies are removed from the blood, serum or plasma prior to its reintroduction into a patient. The invention allows for specific removal of only those xenoreactive antibodies associated with the hyperacute rejection observed when organs or tissues from certain non-human animals come in contact with human blood or blood fluids, as would occur during xenotransplantation. The invention is advantageous in that it can be carried out simply and efficiently using a single piece of equipment, and the invention will be useful in reducing or eliminating the hyperacute rejection and rapid destruction of graft tissue that would normally occur following xenotransplantation.
Abstract:
Dialysis solutions comprising pyrophosphates and methods of making and using the dialysis solutions are provided. In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a dialysis solution comprising a stable and therapeutically effective amount of pyrophosphate. The dialysis solution can be sterilized, for example, using a technique such as autoclave, steam, high pressure, ultra-violet, filtration or combination thereof. The dialysis solution can be in the form of a concentrate.
Abstract:
A system for dialysis is disclosed. An example peritoneal dialysis system includes a peritoneal dialysis machine including a pumping mechanism, and a sensor configured to measure a property of peritoneal dialysis fluid. The peritoneal dialysis system also includes a disposable cassette operable with the peritoneal dialysis machine. The disposable cassette includes a fluid source inlet for accepting fluid from a fluid source and a fluid flow path in fluid communication with the fluid source inlet. The fluid flow path includes a pump chamber operable with the pumping mechanism to pump fluid through the fluid flow path. The disposable cassette also includes a concentrate inlet for fluidly communicating concentrate to the fluid flow path, and a sensor chamber located along the fluid flow path and operable with the sensor. The sensor is configured to provide feedback to the peritoneal dialysis machine for mixing the concentrate for forming peritoneal dialysis fluid.
Abstract:
Membranes impregnated with cross-linked enzyme crystals and devices, systems and methods of producing and using same are provided. The present invention includes membranes impregnated with a sufficient amount of a cross-linked enzyme crystal(s), such as membranes impregnated with cross-linked urease crystals. The membrane can been dried in a glycerol solution prior to use.
Abstract:
Solución de diálisis esterilizada con calor que comprende un componente de diálisis seleccionado de entre el grupo consistente en agentes osmóticos, electrolitos y combinaciones de los mismos, una cantidad terapéuticamente eficaz de pirofosfato, un tampón que incluye bicarbonato, y un pH superior a 7, donde el tampón de bicarbonato y el pH superior a 7 estabilizan térmicamente el pirofosfato.
Abstract:
Dispositivo (32) para eliminar las toxinas urémicas en un procedimiento de diálisis que comprende: un cuerpo (40) con una entrada (42) y una salida (44) y que define un interior, incluyendo el interior una capa que comprende ureasa, una capa que comprende óxido de zirconio, una capa que comprende fosfato de zirconio y una capa que comprende carbón; y el dispositivo (32) así construido y dispuesto para que un fluido que entra en el dispositivo (32) entre en contacto con la capa de fosfato de zirconio al entrar en el dispositivo antes de entrar en contacto con la capa de ureasa y antes de entrar en contacto con la capa de óxido de zirconio.
Abstract:
Se proporcionan soluciones de diálisis que comprenden pirofosfatos y métodos para elaborar y utilizar las soluciones de diálisis. En una modalidad, la presente descripción proporciona una solución de diálisis que comprende una cantidad estable y terapéuticamente efectiva de pirofosfato. La solución de diálisis puede ser esterilizada por ejemplo, utilizando una técnica tal como autoclave, vapor, alta presión, ultravioleta, filtración o una combinación de los mismos. La solución de diálisis puede estar en la forma de un concentrado.