公开(公告)号：US20120081589A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-05

申请号：US13241758

申请日：2011-09-23

Applicant: Toshiyuki Nishihara

Inventor： Toshiyuki Nishihara

IPC: H04N5/335 ,  H01L27/146

CPC classification number: H04N5/37455 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/3355 ,  H04N5/3535 ,  H04N5/355 ,  H04N5/357 ,  H04N5/363 ,  H04N5/3742 ,  H04N5/378

Abstract: An imaging device includes: a pixel array section functioning as a light receiving section which includes photoelectric conversion devices and in which a plurality of pixels, which output electric signals when photons are incident, are disposed in an array; a sensing circuit section in which a plurality of sensing circuits, which receive the electric signals from the pixels and perform binary determination regarding whether or not there is an incidence of photons on the pixels in a predetermined period, are arrayed; and a determination result integration circuit section having a function of integrating a plurality of determination results of the sensing circuits for the respective pixels or for each pixel group, wherein the determination result integration circuit section derives the amount of photon incidence on the light receiving section by performing photon counting for integrating the plurality of determination results in the plurality of pixels.

Abstract translation: 成像装置包括：作为包含光电转换装置的光接收部的像素阵列部，其中在光子入射时输出电信号的多个像素排列成阵列; 感测电路部分，其中接收来自像素的电信号并且执行关于在预定周期中是否存在像素的光子入射的二进制确定的多个感测电路被排列; 以及确定结果积分电路部分，其具有对各像素或每个像素组的感测电路的多个确定结果进行积分的功能，其中确定结果积分电路部分通过以下方式导出光接收部分上的光子入射量 执行用于将所述多个确定结果集成在所述多个像素中的光子计数。

公开(公告)号：US07256383B2

公开(公告)日：2007-08-14

申请号：US11103480

申请日：2005-04-12

Applicant: Tokuro Ozawa

Inventor： Tokuro Ozawa

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  H04N9/64

CPC classification number: G01J1/4228 ,  G01J1/02 ,  G01J1/0271 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  H01L31/145

Abstract: An optical sensor circuit has a first optical sensor that outputs a signal according to the amount of received light on an opened light-receiving surface, a second optical sensor that is provided near the first optical sensor and outputs a signal according to the amount of received light on a shielded light-receiving surface, and a difference calculating circuit that calculates a difference between the output signal of the first optical sensor and the output signal of the second optical sensor and outputs the difference.

Abstract translation: 光学传感器电路具有第一光学传感器，其根据接收到的光的接收光量的信号输出信号，第二光学传感器设置在第一光学传感器附近，并且根据接收到的量输出信号 屏蔽光接收表面上的光;以及计算第一光学传感器的输出信号与第二光学传感器的输出信号之间的差异并输出该差值的差分计算电路。

公开(公告)号：US07081610B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-25

申请号：US11250376

申请日：2005-10-17

Applicant: Willy M. Sander

Inventor： Willy M. Sander

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  H04N9/64 ,  H01L27/00 ,  G03B27/42 ,  G03F1/00

CPC classification number: H04N5/361 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J2001/444

Abstract: A method is used to perform dark current compensation in a sensor (e.g., a CCD or CMOS sensor). A first and second array of devices (e.g., pixels) in the sensor are used to determine a first dark current value. The first array of pixels in the sensor receives impinging light and generates optical energy values therefrom. The second array of pixels in the sensor are used to determine a second dark current value at substantially a same time as the generating of the optical energy values. The second array of devices being non-sensitive to the impinging light. The first and second dark current values are used to compensate the optical energy values.

Abstract translation: 一种方法用于在传感器（例如，CCD或CMOS传感器）中执行暗电流补偿。 传感器中的第一和第二设备阵列（例如像素）用于确定第一暗电流值。 传感器中的第一像素阵列接收入射光并从其产生光能值。 传感器中的第二像素阵列用于在与产生光能值基本相同的时间确定第二暗电流值。 第二阵列的装置对撞击光不敏感。 第一和第二暗电流值用于补偿光能值。

公开(公告)号：US20050194539A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US11071477

申请日：2005-03-04

Applicant: Gerard DiTaranto ,  James LaGrotta ,  Frank Vallese

Inventor： Gerard DiTaranto ,  James LaGrotta ,  Frank Vallese

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01J5/06 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2005/0048

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving measurement accuracy of infrared imaging radiometers utilizing a small infrared detector array, for example 160×120 pixels. The detector offset is changed so that the detector output, when observing a particular object, is constant over a range of ambient temperatures resulting in a constant dynamic range. A radiometric deconvolution is used in order to correct for measurement inaccuracies due to an object's small size.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种利用小型红外探测器阵列（例如160×120像素）提高红外成像辐射计测量精度的方法。 检测器偏移被改变，使得在观察特定物体时检测器输出在环境温度范围内是恒定的，导致恒定的动态范围。 使用辐射去卷积来纠正由于物体的小尺寸引起的测量不准确。

公开(公告)号：US5517302A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

申请号：US231445

申请日：1994-04-20

Applicant: Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

Inventor： Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/4742

Abstract: A reflectometer for measuring absorption of light in selected regions of the light spectrum by a diffuse reflector. The reflectometer is adapted to precisely measure absorption resulting from the constituents present in body fluids. The sample to be measured is illuminated by a focussed light source at an angle of 45.degree. to its surface. The light diffusely reflected about the normal to the sample falls on a small round bundle of optical fibers. At the opposite end of the bundle, the fibers are arranged into a narrow rectangle. This rectangle forms the entrance slit for a concave holographic diffraction grating. The grating forms images of this entrance slit spectrally separated over a flat field suitable for recording the spectrum on film or on an array of discrete detectors.

Abstract translation: 用于通过漫反射器测量光谱的选定区域中的光的吸收的反射计。 反射计适用于精确测量由体液中存在的成分引起的吸收。 要测量的样品被聚焦光源以与其表面成45度的角度照射。 围绕样品的法线漫反射的光落在小圆形光纤束上。 在束的另一端，纤维被布置成窄的矩形。 该矩形形成凹面全息衍射光栅的入口狭缝。 光栅形成在适合于在胶片上或在离散检测器阵列上记录光谱的平坦场上光谱分离的入口狭缝的图像。

公开(公告)号：US5365313A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-15

申请号：US32299

申请日：1993-03-17

Applicant: Katsuya Nagamochi ,  Rintaro Nakane

Inventor： Katsuya Nagamochi ,  Rintaro Nakane

IPC: G01N21/88 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N21/952 ,  G03G15/00 ,  G03G15/08

CPC classification number: G03G15/5041 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01N2021/4769 ,  G01N2021/8433 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N2201/1232 ,  G03G2215/00042

Abstract: A toner depositing amount measuring apparatus for measuring the amount of toner deposited on a photosensitive drum includes a light source for irradiating the surface of the photosensitive drum with light and a photoelectric converting section for receiving the reflected light and converting the received reflected light into an electric signal. A logarithmic calculation is applied to the output signal of the photoelectric converting section in a logarithm-compressing section. The temperature characteristics of the logarithm-compressing section are compensated for in a temperature compensating section. The amount of the toner deposition is calculated in a toner depositing amount calculating section based on a difference between the data during non-deposition of the toner and the data during deposition of the toner, the data being obtained from the logarithm-compressing section. Further, image forming conditions are changed in a control section in accordance with an output signal denoting the calculated deposition amount of the toner so as to control the density of the image formed.

Abstract translation: 用于测量沉积在感光鼓上的调色剂量的调色剂沉积量测量装置包括用于用光照射感光鼓的表面的光源和用于接收反射光的光电转换部分，并将接收的反射光转换成电 信号。 在对数压缩部中对光电转换部的输出信号进行对数运算。 在温度补偿部中补偿对数压缩部的温度特性。 调色剂沉积的量基于调色剂非沉积期间的数据与沉积调色剂期间的数据之间的差异在调色剂沉积量计算部分中计算，该数据从对数压缩部分获得。 此外，根据表示计算出的调色剂沉积量的输出信号，在控制部分中改变图像形成条件，以便控制形成的图像的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5262840A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-16

申请号：US781

申请日：1993-01-04

Applicant: Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

Inventor： Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/4742

Abstract: A reflectometer for measuring absorption of light in selected regions of the light spectrum by a diffuse reflector. The reflectometer is adapted to precisely measure absorption resulting from the constituents present in body fluids. The sample to be measured is illuminated by a focused light source at an angle of 45.degree. to its surface. The light diffusely reflected about the normal to the sample falls on a small round bundle of optical fibers at the opposite end of the bundle, the fibers are arranged into a narrow rectangle. This rectangle forms the entrance slit for a concave holographic diffraction grating. The grating forms images of this entrance slit spectrally separated over a flat field suitable for recording the spectrum on film or on an array of discrete detectors.

Abstract translation: 用于通过漫反射器测量光谱的选定区域中的光的吸收的反射计。 反射计适用于精确测量由体液中存在的成分引起的吸收。 要测量的样品被聚焦光源以与其表面成45度的角度照射。 围绕样品的法线漫反射的光落在束的相对端的小圆形光纤束上，纤维被排列成窄的矩形。 该矩形形成凹面全息衍射光栅的入口狭缝。 光栅形成在适合于在胶片上或在离散检测器阵列上记录光谱的平坦场上光谱分离的入口狭缝的图像。

公开(公告)号：US4955946A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-11

申请号：US306234

申请日：1989-02-02

Applicant: Bruce E. Mount ,  Douglas P. Becker

Inventor： Bruce E. Mount ,  Douglas P. Becker

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/497

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01N2201/069 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: A respiratory CO.sub.2 detector (10) comprising an infrared lamp source (44) and an infrared detector (50) responsive thereto forming an optical path for detecting the change in CO.sub.2 concentration, or an obstruction in a cuvette (42). The output of the infrared detector (50) provides a high and low voltage signal to be applied to a feedback control loop (12) and to an output circuit (14).The feedback control loop (12) includes a peak detector (22), a contamination detector (24), a pulse-width modulator (26) and a low pass filter (28), the latter providing a DC bias on the infrared lamp (44). The peak detector (22) is connected to the pulse-width modulator (26) to maintain the lamp voltage constant and is connected to comparators (56,62) to compare both outputs of the peak and contamination detectors (22,24). The contamination detector (24) will respond to blockage in the cuvette (42).The output control circuit (14) includes a sample-and-hold circuit (30) and a subtractor (32) connected to the output of said infrared detector to receive the high and low voltage signal from the infrared detector, the outputs of which produce an output signal without the DC bias which is then inverted to provide a high quality waveform.

Abstract translation: 一种呼吸二氧化碳检测器（10），包括红外灯源（44）和响应于此的红外检测器（50），形成用于检测CO 2浓度变化的光路或者比色皿（42）中的阻塞物。 红外检测器（50）的输出提供要施加到反馈控制回路（12）和输出电路（14）的高电压和低电压信号。 反馈控制回路（12）包括峰值检测器（22），污染检测器（24），脉冲宽度调制器（26）和低通滤波器（28），后者在红外灯上提供DC偏置 44）。 峰值检测器（22）连接到脉冲宽度调制器（26）以保持灯电压恒定并连接到比较器（56,62）以比较峰值和污染检测器（22,24）的两个输出。 污染检测器（24）将响应于比色皿（42）中的阻塞。 输出控制电路（14）包括采样保持电路（30）和连接到所述红外检测器的输出端的减法器（32），以从红外检测器接收高电压和低电压信号，其输出产生 没有DC偏置的输出信号然后被反转以提供高质量的波形。

公开(公告)号：US4924081A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-08

申请号：US247364

申请日：1988-09-21

Applicant: Jiro Arima ,  Yoshihiro Okui

Inventor： Jiro Arima ,  Yoshihiro Okui

IPC: G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/44 ,  H03M1/06 ,  H03M1/46 ,  H03M1/52

CPC classification number: H03M1/0607 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  H03M1/46 ,  H03M1/52

Abstract: A photo-electric converter according to the present invention has a switching element connected between a photosensitive element and a photo-electric converting circuit and another switching element connected in parallel with the photosensitive element, and an output from the photo-electric converting circuit obtained by turning on and off the switching element is analogue-to-digital converted and arithmetically processed. Thereby an offset voltage in the photo-electric converter circuit can be corrected and an accurate output can be obtained by the photo-electric conversion.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的光电转换器具有连接在光敏元件和光电转换电路之间的开关元件和与感光元件并联连接的另一开关元件，以及由光电转换电路的输出，其通过 开关元件的导通和关断是模拟数字转换和算术处理的。 由此可以校正光电转换器电路中的偏移电压，并且可以通过光电转换获得精确的输出。

公开(公告)号：US4917500A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-17

申请号：US278092

申请日：1988-11-30

Applicant: Attila Lugos

Inventor： Attila Lugos

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/466 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G01N2201/12753

Abstract: The color sensor system has at least three electronic light transmitters each emitting light of a determined narrow-band range of wavelengths, which under the control of a transmission control device in the course of a control cycle, illuminate successively the colored surface of the object in question for a brief period of time with light pulses of a predetermined intensity. The light reflected in each case from the colored surface upon the arrival of the light pulses is received by an electronic light receiver and converted into electrical signals. The electrical signals that are emitted successively by the light receiver in the course of a control cycle are conducted to an evaluation device for a color determination.

Abstract translation: 色彩传感器系统具有至少三个电子光发射器，每个电子光发射器发射确定的窄带波长范围的光，其在控制周期的过程中在传输控制装置的控制下，依次照亮对象的着色表面 在短时间内用预定强度的光脉冲进行问题。 在光脉冲到达时从彩色表面反射的光被电子光接收器接收并转换为电信号。 在控制周期中由光接收器连续发射的电信号被传送到用于颜色确定的评估装置。