Abstract:
An additive concentrate for use in fuels, especially in gasoline for internal combustion engines, comprising (a) 0.2 to 10 wt. % ashless friction modifier which is liquid at room temperature and pressure selected from (i) n-butylamine oleate or derivatives thereof, (ii) a substance comprising tall oil fatty acid or derivatives thereof, and (iii) mixtures of (i) and (ii); (b) 10 to 80 wt. % deposit inhibitor, and (c) carrier fluid. The particular selection of friction modifier (a) enables a stable additive concentrate to be formulated without the need for additional solubilising agent for the friction modifier, while containing sufficient friction modifier to achieve a significant benefit in fri loss, when incorporated in gasoline used to fuel an internal combustion engine, and hence an improvement in fuel economy.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a fuel lubricity additive, made by a two-step process wherein the first step is co-reacting an unsaturated base oil, predominantly from vegetable oil sources, and a compound having a diene structure and a carboxylic acid group, wherein the second step is esterifying or amidifying the free carboxylic acid group of anhydride group with a poly-hydroxy-containing compound or poly-amine compound to form the final fuel lubricity additive useful in diesel fuels. The inventive fuel lubricity additive also is useful as a dispersant.
Abstract:
A process for reacting olefinic compounds, certain carboxylic reactants, and aldehydes or ketones and products prepared by the process. The compositions of the process are useful as intermediates for the preparation of additives for lubricants and fuels.
Abstract:
Compositions are provided which comprise heavy cut methyl esters and copolymer additives. The compositions of the present invention have pour points which are lower than compositions containing only heavy cut methyl esters without copolymer additives. In particular, alkyl methacrylate copolymer additives are used to achieve desirable pour points. The present invention also encompasses processes for making methyl ester compositions having depressed pour points and methods of using said compositions.
Abstract:
The invention relates to combustion catalyst compositions which when blended into liquid hydrocarbon-base fuels reduce deposits in fuel combustion systems, inhibit corrosion in fuel systems and facilitate a more efficient oxidation of fuel. The combustion catalyst compositions comprise a surface-active/emulsifier agent, a lubricating oil and a liquid saturated hydrocarbon having the general formula C.sub.n H.sub.2n+2 wherein n is from 14 to 17.
Abstract:
Compounds comprising a Mannich reaction product ofa) polyisobutene-substituted alkylated succinimide, wherein the alkylated succinimide is derived from a succinate and an alkylene polyamine;b) an aldehyde;c) an alkyl substituted phenol;are disclosed, which are shown to have good detergency properties in hydrocarbon fuels.
Abstract:
Reaction products of polyisobutenes having an average degree of polymerization P of from 10 to 100 and a content E of from 60 to 90% of double bonds which can react with maleic anhydride, E=100% corresponding to the theoretical value for the case where each molecule of the polyisobutene has such a reactive double bond, with oxides of nitrogen or mixtures of oxides of nitrogen and oxygen, are suitable as additives for fuels, in particular for gasoline engines, and for lubricants.
Abstract:
An additive composition comprising: (a) an ashless dispersant comprising an acylated nitrogen compound; and (b) a carboxylic acid, or an ester of the carboxylic acid and an alcohol wherein the acid has from 2 to 50 carbon atoms and the alcohol has one or more carbon atoms, which provides an improvement in the lubricity of fuel oils and exhibits improved solubility in the fuel oil.
Abstract:
Polyalkylene substituted carboxylic acylating agents which contain chlorine are synthesized by chlorine induced condensation of polyalkylenes and .alpha.-.beta. unsaturated carboxylic groups are treated with sulfur to reduce chlorine content of the carboxylic acylating agent.