公开(公告)号：US4805641A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-21

申请号：US837096

申请日：1986-03-06

Applicant: Andrzej Radzio ,  Wolfgang Siems

Inventor： Andrzej Radzio ,  Wolfgang Siems

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  A24C5/34 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N21/952 ,  A24C5/14

CPC classification number: G01N9/24 ,  A24C5/3412 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N2021/1744 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/952 ,  G01N2201/1245 ,  G01N2201/126 ,  Y10S131/905

Abstract: The density of successive increments of a cigarette rod is measured by an apparatus which employs one or more photocells operating with ultraviolet, infrared or visible light. The radiation source of each photocell emits a beam of ultraviolet, infrared or visible light which penetrates through the wrapper and the filler of the rod and thereupon impinges upon one or more transducers which transmit signals denoting the density of the monitored portion of the rod to an evaluating circuit. The beams which are emitted by two or more discrete radiation sources are or can be angularly offset with reference to each other, and the evaluating circuit processes the signals from the photocells to generate a single signal which is indicative of the density of the monitored increment of the rod and is used to adjust the trimming device and/or the ejector for defective cigarettes.

Abstract translation: 香烟棒的连续增量的密度通过使用一个或多个用紫外线，红外线或可见光操作的光电池的装置来测量。 每个光电池的辐射源发射紫外线，红外线或可见光束，其穿透包裹物并且杆的填料随后撞击在一个或多个换能器上，该换能器将表示杆的监测部分的密度的信号传递到 评估电路。 由两个或更多个离散辐射源发射的光束或者可以相互参考地成角度地偏移，并且评估电路处理来自光电管的信号以产生指示所监视的增量的密度的单个信号 该杆用于调整修整装置和/或用于有缺陷的香烟的喷射器。

公开(公告)号：US4770530A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-13

申请号：US855168

申请日：1986-04-23

Applicant: Harold Van Aken ,  William L. Weber

Inventor： Harold Van Aken ,  William L. Weber

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/0254 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2201/065 ,  G01N2201/0696 ,  G01N2201/0806 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A spectrophotometer (10) is provided having the capability to accurately measure spectral reflectance at relatively long sample distances. A first illumination optics arrangement (14) assures uniform illumination to a portion of the sample and a second optical arrangement (20) focuses the reflected image of part of the illuminated sample onto a polychromator (22). Reference beam means are provided so that the polychromator sequentially measures the spectral characteristics of the reference beam and the sample. Continuous monitoring of the illumination at select wavelengths provides illumination normalization data so that a microprocessor (40) can normalize the illumination and compare the reference beam and sample measurements to accurately determine the spectral reflectance characteristics of the sample. Angular and raster scanning capability is also provided.

Abstract translation: 提供分光光度计（10），其具有在相对长的取样距离下精确地测量光谱反射率的能力。 第一照明光学装置（14）确保对样品的一部分的均匀照明，并且第二光学装置（20）将被照射样品的一部分的反射图像聚焦到多色淀粉（22）上。 提供参考光束装置，使得多色板顺序测量参考光束和样品的光谱特性。 对选择波长的照明的连续监测提供照明归一化数据，使得微处理器（40）可以对照明进行标准化，并比较参考光束和样品测量值，以准确地确定样品的光谱反射特性。 还提供角度和光栅扫描功能。

公开(公告)号：US4713964A

公开(公告)日：1987-12-22

申请号：US887022

申请日：1986-07-16

Applicant: Gregor Ioannides

Inventor： Gregor Ioannides

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/32 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G05D25/02 ,  G01M15/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G01N2201/08 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A device for measuring the optical turbidity, i.e., the soot components in discharge gases of diesel engines, which is relatively simply constructed, operates safely and enables a simple handling even with differently structured measuring devices. This result is achieved in that a controller for controlling the light density of the measuring light beam is optically coupled with a light source. A sample and hold circuit is provided with the values of a measuring detector and the control detector fed to a sample and hold circuit in a time multiplex manner with the measuring values processed in a computer unit. Control values are fed to the light source by means of a control loop. In addition, the computer unit is capable of storing a plurality of measuring values or turbidity values and average value of the stored peak values, whereby the peak values are determined by a dynamic measuring of a defined number of measuring cycles. Moreover, a device is provided which feeds motor related parameter to the computer unit for triggering of measuring value determination and measuring value calculation.

Abstract translation: 用于测量光学混浊度的装置，即相对简单构造的柴油发动机的排放气体中的烟灰分量，安全地运行，并且即使使用不同结构的测量装置也能够进行简单的处理。 该结果的实现是，用于控制测量光束的光密度的控制器与光源光学耦合。 采样和保持电路具有测量检测器和控制检测器的值，其以与计算机单元中处理的测量值以时间复用方式馈送到采样和保持电路。 通过控制回路将控制值馈送到光源。 此外，计算机单元能够存储多个测量值或浊度值和所存储的峰值的平均值，由此通过定义数量的测量循环的动态测量来确定峰值。 此外，提供了一种将电动机相关参数馈送到计算机单元的装置，用于触发测量值确定和测量值计算。

公开(公告)号：US4621204A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-04

申请号：US634574

申请日：1984-07-26

Applicant: Mark C. Loessel ,  Randall W. Miller ,  Robert W. Myers

Inventor： Mark C. Loessel ,  Randall W. Miller ,  Robert W. Myers

IPC: H03M1/52 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01N21/27 ,  H03M1/00 ,  H03K19/14 ,  H03K5/00 ,  H03K5/22

CPC classification number: G01N21/27 ,  G01J1/44 ,  H03M1/445 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01J2001/446 ,  G01N2021/478 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A sensor-integrator circuit having a sensor for producing a current varying in accordance with the sensed parameter or a reference current source, a comparator having inverting and noninverting inputs and an output and charge storage device coupled to the inverting input. The circuit is energized to obtain a given positive steady state reset voltage, a reference voltage is applied to the noninverting input of a comparator which is less positive than the steady state voltage and integration is initiated solely by alternately applying the current from the sensor and the reference current to the inverting input of the comparator.

Abstract translation: 一种传感器积分电路，其具有用于产生根据感测参数或参考电流源变化的电流的传感器，具有反相和同相输入的比较器以及耦合到反相输入的输出和电荷存储装置。 电路通电以获得给定的正稳态复位电压，参考电压施加到比稳态电压小正比的比较器的非反相输入，并且仅通过交替施加来自传感器的电流和 参考电流到比较器的反相输入。

公开(公告)号：US4613938A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

申请号：US695169

申请日：1985-01-25

Applicant: Donald F. Hansen ,  William K. Shubert

Inventor： Donald F. Hansen ,  William K. Shubert

IPC: G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01W1/14 ,  G06F15/54 ,  G01N21/51 ,  G01W1/00

CPC classification number: G01N15/0227 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A present weather observing system including a radiation source for providing a beam of radiation in the atmosphere and a detector for detecting scattered radiation from suspended or precipitating particles within a sample volume, the detector having a field of view intersecting the beam to define the sample volume. The invention further includes a device for determining the size and velocity of at least one particle precipitating through the sample volume, and an element responsive to the device for determining size and velocity for identifying the type of precipitation.

Abstract translation: 一种当前的天气观测系统，包括用于在大气中提供辐射束的辐射源和用于检测来自样品体积内的悬浮或沉淀颗粒的散射辐射的检测器，所述检测器具有与光束相交的视场以限定样品体积 。 本发明还包括用于确定通过样品体积沉淀的至少一个颗粒的尺寸和速度的装置，以及响应于该装置的用于确定降水类型的尺寸和速度的元件。