Abstract:
An optical lens comprising a lens body that transmits light in an optical path there through, wherein the lens body consists of an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and a medium there between, further wherein one of the anterior surface and the posterior surface has a single curvature and the other of the anterior surface and the posterior surface has at least two optical zones each having a different curvature. An optical system, comprising a multi-photon endoscope having a distal end, and the optical lens disposed in the distal end. A method for obtaining an image of an object comprising providing the multi-photon endoscope, propagating light from the endoscope scanner one optical zone of the lens to focus the light at a focus location, and propagating light from the scanner through a different optical zones of the lens to focus the light at a different focus location.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for measuring the attenuation and dispersion introduced by a sample into an optical signal are disclosed. The apparatus includes a chirped light source, a beam splitter and an optical detector. The beam splitter splits the optical signal generated by the light source into a reference optical signal and a sample optical signal. The sample and reference optical signals are mixed on the detector after the sample optical signal has traversed an experimental sample thus generating a signal having an AC component related to an attenuation and a dispersion introduced by the experimental sample. The optical paths traversed by the reference and sample optical signals between the beam splitter and the detector are chosen such that the reference optical signal and the sample optical signal overlap in time but do not arrive at the optical detector at the same time.
Abstract:
A gas absorption spectroscopy system and method are provided. A sealed chamber is provided with a reference gas having a known moisture concentration. An illumination source is disposed in the sealed chamber and is configured to generate an illumination beam. A measurement cell is coupled to the sealed chamber and is configured for exposure to a gas sample such that illumination travelling through the measurement cell passes through the gas sample. A process window is disposed between the sealed chamber and the measurement cell. The process window is configured to receive the illumination beam from the illumination source and reflect a first portion of illumination while allowing a second portion of illumination to pass into the measurement cell. A reference detector is disposed to receive the first portion of illumination and provide a reference detector signal. A measurement detector is disposed to receive the second portion of illumination after the second portion of illumination has passed through the measurement cell and provide a measurement detector signal. A controller is coupled to the reference detector and the measurement detector and is configured to provide a compensated moisture output based on the reference detector signal and the measurement detector signal.
Abstract:
Novel systems and methods for performing treatment (e.g., coloration) of keratinous fibers are disclosed. The methods and systems utilize one or more of a dispensing device which is configured to provide customized composition for treating keratinous fibers (e.g., a coloring composition), optionally formed from tablets; an optical reader, for obtaining sufficient characteristics of the keratinous fibers to make a realistic prediction of the outcome of a treatment (e.g., coloring treatment); a computational units for predicting an outcome of a treatment, optionally being interfaced with the dispensing device and for selecting a customized treatment; and tablet formulations which are useful in preparing customized composition for treating keratinous fibers. Further disclosed are rapidly disintegrating tablets for use in the preparation of compositions for treating keratinous fibers.
Abstract:
A dual source system and method includes a high power laser used to determine elemental concentrations in a sample and a lower power device used to determine compounds present in the sample. A detector subsystem receives photons from the sample after laser energy from the high power laser strikes the sample and provides a first signal. The detector subsystem then receives photons from the sample after energy from the lower power device strikes the sample and provides a second signal. The high power laser is pulsed and the first signal is processed to determine elemental concentrations present in the sample. The lower power device is energized and the second signal is processed to determine compounds present in the signal. Based on the elemental concentrations and the compounds present, the compounds present in the sample are quantified.
Abstract:
A terahertz spectrometer includes: a terahertz-wave emitter and a terahertz receiver elements. The terahertz wave generated by means of generating beat frequency corresponding to the difference between two rapidly tunable continuous wave lasers. Having a difference in time between the interrogating signal and the reference signal at the receiver end side, which corresponds to intermediate frequency (IF), not centered around the baseband, i.e. zero Hertz. The offset step size of the intermediate frequency from zero Hertz is linearly correlated to the position of the interrogated object position.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a ring-down spectrometry apparatus in absorption saturation condition, for measuring the concentration of a gas through a measurement of the spectrum of a molecular transition of said gas. The apparatus includes a laser source, an adjuster for varying the wavelength of said radiation emitted by said laser, and a resonant cavity. A photodetector is adapted to detect an electromagnetic radiation beam and is adapted to generate a decay signal. An electronic circuit receives the signal from the photodetector and is adapted to convert it to a processor. A processor is adapted to receive said decay signal from the photodetector and perform interpolation to obtain a concentration of said gas.
Abstract:
A spectrometer includes a light source that emits a beam into a sample volume comprising an absorbing medium. Thereafter, at least one detector detects at least a portion of the beam emitted by the light source. It is later determined, based on the detected at least a portion of the beam and by a controller, that a position and/or an angle of the beam should be changed. The beam emitted by the light source is then actively steered by an actuation element under control of the controller. In addition, a concentration of the absorbing media can be quantified or otherwise calculated (using the controller or optionally a different processor that can be local or remote). The actuation element(s) can be coupled to one or more of the light source, a detector or detectors, and a reflector or reflectors intermediate the light source and the detector(s).
Abstract:
An apparatus including: an element configured to generate or detect a terahertz wave; a semi-spherical lens configured to guide the terahertz wave outgoing from the element or entering the element; and a holder configured to hold the semi-spherical lens and the element in a state in which a flat surface of the semi-spherical lens and the element are in contact with each other or in a state in which the flat surface of the semi-spherical lens and the element clamp a substance which allows the terahertz wave to pass therethrough and the flat surface of the semi-spherical lens and the element are in contact with the substance, wherein the holder includes: a resiliently deformable portion; and a position adjusting unit configured to adjust a relative position between the semi-spherical lens and the element in a direction parallel to the flat surface of the semi-spherical lens by resiliently deforming the resiliently deformable portion.
Abstract:
There is provided a method of manufacturing a light emitting device including preparing a light source including a wavelength conversion unit and an optical member applied to the light source. Light is irradiated to the wavelength conversion unit to excite the wavelength conversion unit and positional information regarding the light source is obtained from light emitted from the wavelength conversion unit. A mounting position of the optical member is determined based on the obtained positional information regarding the light source. The method of manufacturing a light emitting device having excellent light characteristics can be obtained.