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    Methods for characterizing gems or precious stones using a probe having a plurality of light receivers
    42.
    发明授权
    Methods for characterizing gems or precious stones using a probe having a plurality of light receivers 有权
    使用具有多个光接收器的探针表征宝石或宝石的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06958810B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-10-25

    申请号：US10453832

    申请日：2003-06-02

    Applicant: Wayne D Jung ,  Russell W. Jung ,  Alan R. Loudermilk

    Inventor： Wayne D Jung ,  Russell W. Jung ,  Alan R. Loudermilk

    IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/57 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N21/55

    CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  A61B5/0088 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0278 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/1217 ,  G01J2003/1234 ,  G01J2003/468 ,  G01N21/251 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/57 ,  G06F19/00

    Abstract: Optical characteristic measuring systems and methods such as for determining the color or other optical characteristics of teeth are disclosed. Perimeter receiver fiber optics are spaced apart from a source fiber optic and receive light from the surface of the object/tooth being measured. Light from the perimeter fiber optics pass to a variety of filters. The system utilizes the perimeter receiver fiber optics to determine information regarding the height and angle of the probe with respect to the object/tooth being measured. Under processor control, the optical characteristics measurement may be made at a predetermined height and angle. Various color spectral photometer arrangements are disclosed. Translucency, fluorescence, gloss and/or surface texture data also may be obtained. Audio feedback may be provided to guide operator use of the system. The probe may have a removable or shielded tip for contamination prevention. A method of producing dental prostheses based on measured data also is disclosed. Measured data also may be stored and/or organized as part of a patient data base.

    Abstract translation: 公开了用于确定牙齿的颜色或其他光学特性的光学特性测量系统和方法。 周边接收器光纤与源光纤间隔开并且接收来自被测量物体/齿表面的光。 来自周边光纤的光通过各种滤光片。 该系统利用周边接收器光纤来确定关于探头相对于被测量物体/齿的高度和角度的信息。 在处理器控制下，可以以预定的高度和角度进行光学特性测量。 公开了各种颜色光谱光度计布置。 也可以获得半透明度，荧光，光泽度和/或表面纹理数据。 可以提供音频反馈以指导操作者使用该系统。 探头可能具有可移除或屏蔽的尖端，以防止污染。 还公开了一种基于测量数据生产牙科假体的方法。 测量的数据也可以存储和/或组织为患者数据库的一部分。

    Computer-readable medium for automated tooth shade analysis and matching
    45.
    发明申请
    Computer-readable medium for automated tooth shade analysis and matching 有权
    用于自动化牙齿分析和匹配的计算机可读介质

    公开(公告)号：US20050037314A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-02-17

    申请号：US10946666

    申请日：2004-09-21

    Applicant: Alan Morris ,  Craig Mabrito ,  Matthew Roberts

    Inventor： Alan Morris ,  Craig Mabrito ,  Matthew Roberts

    IPC: A61C19/10 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/50 ,  A61C5/00

    CPC classification number: A61C19/10 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/524

    Abstract: A method of making a patient's dental prosthesis (e.g., a prosthesis tooth, crown, veneer, or bridge) by acquiring an image of the patient's teeth that contains black and white normalization references. These references are black and white porcelain, for example, that allow software of the invention to determine absolute black and absolute white within the color image. The acquired color image is then normalized in accordance with the normalization references, which corrects the image for variations in lighting conditions and image source. The normalized image is then standardized by matching the pixels of the normalized image to selected shade standards. The dental prosthesis can then be manufactured by a lab technician by referring to the standardized image. The tooth shade analysis and matching system is also applicable to direct restorations of natural teeth, such as repair of chipped or broken teeth. Methods of whitening teeth are also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 通过获取包含黑白规范化参考的患者牙齿的图像来制造患者的牙科假体（例如，假体牙，冠，贴面或桥）的方法。 这些参考文献是黑白瓷，例如，允许本发明的软件确定彩色图像内的绝对黑色和绝对白色。 所获得的彩色图像然后根据归一化参考进行归一化，该归一化参考校正图像以获得照明条件和图像源的变化。 然后通过将标准化图像的像素与所选择的阴影标准进行匹配来标准化图像。 然后可以由实验室技术人员通过参考标准化图像来制造牙科假体。 牙齿分析和匹配系统也适用于直接修复天然牙齿，如修复牙齿碎裂或断裂。 还公开了牙齿美白的方法。

    Tooth shade analyzer system and methods
    46.
    发明授权
    Tooth shade analyzer system and methods 有权
    牙垢分析仪系统及方法

    公开(公告)号：US06832913B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-12-21

    申请号：US10407165

    申请日：2003-04-07

    Applicant: Maryann Lehmann

    Inventor： Maryann Lehmann

    IPC: A61C1910

    CPC classification number: A61C19/10 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01J3/52 ,  G01N21/25

    Abstract: The invention relates to a computer readable medium comprising one or more programs for carrying out a method for determining a patient's tooth shade. The method generally includes the steps of generating an image of a patient's tooth wherein the image includes color information representative of the patient's tooth shade; storing color information representative of a plurality of tooth shades; and comparing the color information of the image with the stored tooth shade color information to identify one or more tooth shades having a combined color that corresponds to the patient's tooth shade, and the color information that is obtained may be displayed to identify one or more tooth shades having a combined color corresponding to the determined tooth color. Preferably, the displayed data includes RGB chromaticities of the color image, and the patient's tooth color is determined by averaging the color information at selected locations of the image which correspond to different spatial locations of the patient's tooth. If desired, the color information of the patient's tooth can be electronically stored for use at a later time.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种计算机可读介质，其包括一个或多个程序，用于执行用于确定患者牙齿阴影的方法。 该方法通常包括产生患者牙齿的图像的步骤，其中图像包括表示患者牙齿色调的颜色信息; 存储表示多个牙齿色调的颜色信息; 以及将图像的颜色信息与所存储的牙线颜色信息进行比较，以识别具有与患者牙齿阴影相对应的组合颜色的一个或多个牙齿，并且可以显示所获得的颜色信息以识别一个或多个牙齿 具有对应于确定的牙齿颜色的组合颜色的阴影。 优选地，显示的数据包括彩色图像的RGB色度，并且通过平均对应于患者牙齿的不同空间位置的图像的选定位置处的颜色信息来确定患者的牙齿颜色。 如果需要，可以电子地存储患者牙齿的颜色信息以供稍后使用。

    Optical measurement device and related process
    47.
    发明授权
    Optical measurement device and related process 有权
    光学测量装置及相关工艺

    公开(公告)号：US06750971B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

    申请号：US10236305

    申请日：2002-09-06

    Applicant: James L. Overbeck ,  Richard J. Van Andel

    Inventor： James L. Overbeck ,  Richard J. Van Andel

    IPC: G01N2125

    CPC classification number: A61B1/24 ,  A61B1/00052 ,  A61B1/00186 ,  A61B1/0669 ,  A61B5/0088 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0278 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/51

    Abstract: An instrument and related process for measuring color, shade, gloss, shape and/or translucence of a tooth. First, the instrument uses searchlight illumination to illuminate a tooth with constant irradiance. Second, the instrument uses colorimetric imaging to collect time-separated frames of different wavelengths of light reflected from a tooth and to combine those frames into a color image. Third, the instrument includes a sanitary shield to establish a reference color and a predetermined distance to a target tooth. Fourth, the instrument provides line-of-sight viewing so an operator may simultaneously view a display of the image on the instrument and the object being measured. Fifth, the instrument is impervious to pollutants because it incorporates a sealed measurement window. Sixth, optical measurements of a tooth taken by a dentist are compared to optical measurements of a prosthetic restoration for that tooth to confirm satisfactory matching of optical characteristics of the tooth and restoration.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量牙齿的颜色，阴影，光泽，形状和/或半透明度的仪器和相关过程。 首先，仪器使用探照灯照明照射具有恒定辐照度的牙齿。 其次，仪器使用比色成像来收集从牙齿反射的不同波长的光的时间分隔的帧，并将这些帧组合成彩色图像。 第三，仪器包括卫生护罩以建立参考颜色并且与目标牙齿具有预定距离。 第四，仪器提供视线观看，因此操作者可以同时观察仪器上的图像显示和正被测量的物体。 第五，仪器不含污染物，因为它包含一个密封的测量窗口。 第六，将由牙医取得的牙齿的光学测量值与该牙齿的假体修复体的光学测量值进行比较，以确认牙齿和修复体的光学特性的令人满意的匹配。

    Interactive dental restorative network
    48.
    发明申请
    Interactive dental restorative network 有权
    互动牙科修复网

    公开(公告)号：US20030207228A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-11-06

    申请号：US09918056

    申请日：2001-07-30

    Applicant: Shade Analyzing Technologies, Inc.

    Inventor： Maryann Lehmann ,  Curtis A. Vock

    IPC: A61C019/10

    CPC classification number: G06F19/3425 ,  A01K2217/05 ,  A61C19/00 ,  C07K14/705 ,  C07K16/18 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06F19/321 ,  G06F19/325 ,  G06F19/3418 ,  G06F19/3475 ,  G06F19/3481 ,  G16H10/60 ,  G16H50/50 ,  G16H80/00 ,  Y10S715/971

    Abstract: The invention relates to a method for restoration of a patient's tooth. An electronic image of a patient's tooth or tooth preparation is generated in a dentist's office by the dentist. The image includes color information of the tooth preparation or of the patient's tooth shade. The electronic image is forwarded to a dental laboratory by direct computer link or e-mail. A technician at the laboratory evaluates the image and suggests restorative options to the dentist, including whether further tooth preparation is required. The technician also selects the appropriate restoration tooth shade(s) so that the dental prosthesis matches the color of the patient's tooth. The laboratory then manufactures the prosthesis utilizing a plurality of porcelain coatings. If desired, an image of the prosthesis can be generated in the laboratory and forwarded to the dentist for verification of color and/or fit prior to finalizing manufacture of the prosthesis.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于恢复患者牙齿的方法。 由牙科医生在牙医诊所生成患者牙齿或牙齿准备的电子图像。 该图像包括牙齿准备物的颜色信息或患者的牙齿遮蔽物的颜色信息。 电子图像通过直接计算机链接或电子邮件转发到牙科实验室。 实验室的技术人员评估图像，并向牙医提出修复选择，包括是否需要进一步的牙齿准备。 技术人员还选择适当的修复牙齿，以使牙科假体与患者牙齿的颜色相匹配。 实验室然后使用多个瓷器制造假体。 如果需要，可以在实验室中产生假体的图像，并且在完成假体的制造之前转发给牙医以验证颜色和/或贴合。

    Colorimeter for dental applications
    50.
    发明授权
    Colorimeter for dental applications 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06525819B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-02-25

    申请号：US09365438

    申请日：1999-08-02

    Applicant: S. Brett Delawter ,  Gregg A. Wagner ,  Gary Emerson ,  Brian Franklin

    Inventor： S. Brett Delawter ,  Gregg A. Wagner ,  Gary Emerson ,  Brian Franklin

    IPC: G01J350

    CPC classification number: A61B5/0088 ,  A61B5/742 ,  A61B2560/0233 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/524

    Abstract: The invention is a colorimeter for dental applications comprising a hand-held probe, similar in size to a dental drill, attached by an electrical cable to a small self-contained display module. The calorimeter provides the capability for measuring the colors of a number points along a line on the surface of an object such as a tooth. A measurement is made while placing the tip of the probe against, or in close proximity to, the surface of the object. The display module to which probe attaches contains a microprocessor and provides a control, display and data interface to the operator. The display module can be adapted for fastening to the wrist of the operator thereby leaving both hands free to manipulate the probe and other tools. The calorimeter is particularly well suited for measuring the color of teeth in a dentist's office in preparation for making dental prostheses which accurately match the color of natural teeth. The colorimeter generates from a single measurement an array of color data points measured along a line on the surface of an object. From those data points, the processor can perform statistical analysis yielding a single color value, generate and display a color profile along a surface, compare measured values with a preloaded table of values, or upload color data to a remote location for laboratory or manufacturing purposes. The colorimeter can also use variations in the color values measured along a line to identify boundaries of areas on a surface. For example, the color profile can be used to identify the gum line on a tooth. The probe comprises multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs) for successively emitting light of different colors toward a surface, a linear photosensor array for receiving light reflected from the surface, and a lens for directing light from the target to the array, all contained within the probe itself. The calorimeter may also comprise a cradle for storing the probe and display module when not in use. The cradle may provide a battery charger, calibration references, and data links for uploading or downloading data from a remote location.

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