公开(公告)号：US20120325783A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-27

申请号：US13602267

申请日：2012-09-03

Applicant: Peter Morrisroe

Inventor： Peter Morrisroe

IPC: B23K10/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/73 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/68 ,  G01N2201/126 ,  H01J49/105

Abstract: A device for sustaining a plasma in a torch is provided. In certain examples, the device comprises a first electrode configured to couple to a power source and constructed and arranged to provide a loop current along a radial plane of the torch. In some examples, the radial plane of the torch is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the torch.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于在割炬中维持等离子体的装置。 在某些示例中，该装置包括被配置为耦合到电源并被构造和布置成沿着焊炬的径向平面提供回路电流的第一电极。 在一些示例中，焊炬的径向平面基本上垂直于焊炬的纵向轴线。

公开(公告)号：US08264687B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-11

申请号：US13102551

申请日：2011-05-06

Applicant: Paul Lundquist ,  Denis Zaccarin ,  Yves Lacroix ,  Mark Maxham ,  Mathieu Foquet ,  Stephen Turner

Inventor： Paul Lundquist ,  Denis Zaccarin ,  Yves Lacroix ,  Mark Maxham ,  Mathieu Foquet ,  Stephen Turner

IPC: G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01N21/6452 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01N21/6445 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: Methods and systems for real-time monitoring of optical signals from arrays of signal sources, and particularly optical signal sources that have spectrally different signal components. Systems include signal source arrays in optical communication with optical trains that direct excitation radiation to and emitted signals from such arrays and image the signals onto detector arrays, from which such signals may be subjected to additional processing.

Abstract translation: 用于实时监测来自信号源阵列的光信号的方法和系统，特别是具有频谱不同信号分量的光信号源。 系统包括与光学列车光学通信的信号源阵列，其将激发辐射引导到来自这种阵列的信号和从这些阵列发出的信号，并将信号映射到检测器阵列上，从而可以对这些信号进行额外的处理。

公开(公告)号：US07511246B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-31

申请号：US11218912

申请日：2005-09-02

Applicant: Peter J. Morrisroe

Inventor： Peter J. Morrisroe

IPC: B23K10/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/73 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/68 ,  G01N2201/126 ,  H01J49/105

Abstract: A device for sustaining a plasma in a torch is provided. In certain examples, the device comprises a first electrode configured to couple to a power source and constructed and arranged to provide a loop current along a radial plane of the torch. In some examples, the radial plane of the torch is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the torch.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于在割炬中维持等离子体的装置。 在某些示例中，该装置包括被配置为耦合到电源并被构造和布置成沿着焊炬的径向平面提供回路电流的第一电极。 在一些示例中，焊炬的径向平面基本上垂直于焊炬的纵向轴线。

公开(公告)号：US20080030628A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11704689

申请日：2007-02-09

Applicant: Paul Lundquist ,  Denis Zaccarin ,  Yves Lacroix ,  Mark Maxham ,  Mathieu Foquet ,  Stephen Turner

Inventor： Paul Lundquist ,  Denis Zaccarin ,  Yves Lacroix ,  Mark Maxham ,  Mathieu Foquet ,  Stephen Turner

IPC: H04N5/74

CPC classification number: G01N21/6452 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01N21/6445 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: Methods and systems for real-time monitoring of optical signals from arrays of signal sources, and particularly optical signal sources that have spectrally different signal components. Systems include signal source arrays in optical communication with optical trains that direct excitation radiation to and emitted signals from such arrays and image the signals onto detector arrays, from which such signals may be subjected to additional processing.

Abstract translation: 用于实时监测来自信号源阵列的光信号的方法和系统，特别是具有光谱不同的信号分量的光信号源。 系统包括与光学列车光学通信的信号源阵列，其将激发辐射引导到来自这种阵列的信号和从这些阵列发出的信号，并将信号映射到检测器阵列上，从而可以对这些信号进行额外的处理。

公开(公告)号：US5401977A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

申请号：US674365

申请日：1991-06-11

Applicant: Peter Schwarz

Inventor： Peter Schwarz

IPC: G01N21/57 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N21/55

CPC classification number: G01N21/57 ,  G01N2201/126 ,  G01N2201/12753

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring the gloss of a surface with a light source projecting light in the direction of the surface and a light-sensitive sensor receiving the light reflected from the surface and converting it into an electrical signal value. A memory storing a program for calculating the characteristic gloss value, a computer for calculating a characteristic gloss value from the electrical signal value, and a display for visually displaying the calculated characteristic gloss value are provided. Five or more reference value pairs are stored in the memory, each pair consisting of a reference characteristic gloss value and a corresponding reference electrical signal value measured by the apparatus on the basis of the reference surface. The measured electrical signal value is compared with the reference signal values and at least the next higher and the next lower value for interpolating the measured gloss.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP89 / 01218 Sec。 371日期1991年6月11日 102（e）日期1991年6月11日PCT提交1989年10月13日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 04166 日期：1990年04月19日。一种用于测量具有在表面方向上投射光的光源的表面的光泽的装置和方法以及接收从表面反射的光并将其转换成电信号的光敏传感器 值。 存储存储用于计算特征光泽值的程序的存储器，用于从电信号值计算特征光泽值的计算机和用于在视觉上显示所计算的特征光泽值的显示器。 五个或更多个参考值对存储在存储器中，每对由参考特征光泽值和由该装置基于参考表面测量的对应参考电信号值组成。 将测量的电信号值与参考信号值进行比较，并至少在下一个较高值和下一个较低值下进行内插测量光泽度。

公开(公告)号：US5387977A

公开(公告)日：1995-02-07

申请号：US754905

申请日：1991-09-04

Applicant: Bernard J. Berg ,  Thomas J. Boes ,  Mark A. Cargill

Inventor： Bernard J. Berg ,  Thomas J. Boes ,  Mark A. Cargill

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/504 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01N2021/4711 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2021/4757 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A spectrophotometer apparatus (200) is adapted to provide spectral reflectance measurements of an object sample (236) under test, particularly optical characteristics of colored surfaces comprising metallic or pearlescent particles. The apparatus (200) comprises a source light (226) and a reflection optics assembly. Signals representative of reflected light are analyzed and data is generated representative of the spectral response characteristics of the object sample (236). The apparatus (200) employs a plurality of fiber optic bundles (248, 250, 252) for receiving light reflected from the object sample (236), with each of the fiber optic bundles (248, 250, 252) being positioned at one of a corresponding plurality of fixed angles different from the angle of illumination of the source light (226). Reflectance is measured at each angle by sequential switching such that light is impaired from being received by all but a subset of the plurality of multiple angles. Light received from the fiber optic bundles is transferred to a single array of integral interference-filter/photodiode devices (284) which modulate the light and determine the spectral characteristics thereof. With the use of fiber optic devices, a single source of illumination and a single optical detector arrangement, the spectrophotometer apparatus (200) is employed within an optimally small packaging configuration, and the apparatus (200) can be maintained in a portable mode while maintaining relatively high accuracy and repeatability.

Abstract translation: 分光光度计装置（200）适于提供被测样品（236）的光谱反射率测量，特别是包括金属或珠光颗粒的着色表面的光学特性。 设备（200）包括源光（226）和反射光学组件。 分析代表反射光的信号，并生成代表对象样品（236）的光谱响应特性的数据。 设备（200）采用多个光纤束（248,250,252）来接收从物体样品（236）反射的光，其中每个光纤束（248,250,252）定位在 与源光（226）的照明角度不同的相应的多个固定角度。 通过顺序切换在每个角度测量反射率，使得光被除了多个多个角度的子集之外的全部受到损害。 从光纤束接收的光被传送到单个阵列的积分干涉滤光器/光电二极管器件（284），其调制光并确定其光谱特性。 通过使用光纤装置，单一照明源和单个光学检测器装置，分光光度计装置（200）被采用在最小的封装结构内，并且可以将装置（200）保持在便携式模式，同时保持 相对较高的精度和重复性。

公开(公告)号：US5316727A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US936079

申请日：1992-08-28

Applicant: Yoshiro Suzuki ,  Hitoshi Tanaka ,  Noriyuki Kurihara ,  Yutaka Saito

Inventor： Yoshiro Suzuki ,  Hitoshi Tanaka ,  Noriyuki Kurihara ,  Yutaka Saito

IPC: G01N21/01 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N21/86

CPC classification number: G01N21/8483 ,  G01N21/272 ,  G01N2021/478 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N2201/0256 ,  G01N2201/1241 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A measuring apparatus of the present invention measures the constituent concentration of a specimen after loading into the apparatus a test piece having a test material which develops coloring as a result of a reaction with the constituents of a specimen. When the apparatus detects that the test piece having the test material has been loaded, it automatically begins to measure the constituent concentration of the specimen. That is, after the loading of the test piece is detected, a predetermined time period is measured. During this time measurement, the time period is displayed at a predetermined time interval. After the time measurement of this predetermined time period is terminated, the test material is irradiated with a light, and the intensity of the light from the test material is detected. The constituent concentration of the specimen applied to the test material can be determined on the basis of the reflected light intensity thus detected. Furthermore, this measuring apparatus can detect a reverse insertion of a test piece, and is constructed so as to disable the measurement of the constituent concentration of a specimen if supplementary information to be stored along with measurement information has not been set.

Abstract translation: 本发明的测量装置测量在装入装置之后的样品的成分浓度，该试片具有由于与试样的组分的反应而产生着色的试验材料。 当设备检测到具有测试材料的测试件已经被加载时，其自动开始测量样品的组分浓度。 也就是说，在检测到试件的加载之后，测量预定时间段。 在该时间测量期间，以预定的时间间隔显示时间段。 在该预定时间段的时间测量结束之后，用光照射测试材料，并且检测来自测试材料的光的强度。 可以基于这样检测的反射光强度来确定施加到测试材料上的试样的组分浓度。 此外，该测量装置可以检测试件的反向插入，并且构造成如果尚未设置要与存储的补充信息一起设置的样本的成分浓度的测量，则不能进行测量。

公开(公告)号：US5255071A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-19

申请号：US406726

申请日：1989-09-13

Applicant: Fred H. Pollak ,  Hong-En Shen

Inventor： Fred H. Pollak ,  Hong-En Shen

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J1/24 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/55 ,  H01L21/66 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01N21/1717 ,  G01J1/24 ,  G01J2003/063 ,  G01J2003/066 ,  G01N2021/1725 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N2201/0695 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the characteristics of materials, particularly of semi-conductors, semi-conductor heterostructures and semi-conductor interfaces by the use of photoreflectance, in which monochromatic light and an acousto-optically modulated light beam reflected from the sample is detected to produce a d.c. signal and an a.c. signal, whereby the d.c. signal is applied to one input of a computer and the a.c. signal is used with another input of the computer which controls the light intensity of the monochromatic light impinging on the sample to maintain the d.c. signal substantially constant. The modulation frequency of the modulated pump beam and/or the wavelength of the monochromatic light can also be varied by the computer. Information about trap times can be obtained by determining the dependence of the in-phase signal on the pump modulating frequency, respectively.

公开(公告)号：US5081998A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-21

申请号：US522177

申请日：1990-05-11

Applicant: Mark Yelderman ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  James R. Braig

Inventor： Mark Yelderman ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  James R. Braig

IPC: A61B5/083 ,  G01J1/24 ,  G01J5/12 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: A61B5/083 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01J1/24 ,  G01J5/12 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: Improved infrared detectors for use in device such as capnographs are provided. A preferred embodiment of an infrared detector of the invention is comprised of paired thermopiles, connect in opposed relation to each other, which are preceded by an analytical or reference filter for passing a desired wavelength and a neutral density filter in the optical path of one of the thermopiles in the pair. The difference between the outputs can be used to eliminate the effects of background thermal noise, thereby improving performance of the detector. Preferably, a reference channel and an analytical channel are provided so that the respective differences between the detectors in each pair can be used to further cancel the effects of background thermal noise.

Abstract translation: 提供了改进的红外探测器，用于诸如盖帽仪等设备。 本发明的红外检测器的一个优选实施例由成对的热电堆组成，它们彼此相对地连接，其前面是用于使所需波长传递的分析或参考滤波器，以及在 这对热电堆。 输出之间的差异可以用于消除背景热噪声的影响，从而提高检测器的性能。 优选地，提供参考通道和分析通道，使得可以使用每对中的检测器之间的相应差异来进一步抵消背景热噪声的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5015098A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-14

申请号：US534205

申请日：1990-06-07

Applicant: Bernard J. Berg ,  David R. Bowden ,  Mark A. Cargill ,  William R. Given

Inventor： Bernard J. Berg ,  David R. Bowden ,  Mark A. Cargill ,  William R. Given

IPC: G01N21/27

CPC classification number: G01N21/274 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A densitometer apparatus (200) is disclosed and is adapted to provide color density measurements of opaque materials. The densitometer apparatus (200) comprises a light source unit (202) having a source light (204) projecting light through a collimating lens (206). Light rays transmitted through the collimating lens (206) project through an aperture (208). The rays are projected onto an irradiated area surface of an object sample (212) under test. Electromagnetic radiation in the form of reflected light rays (214) are reflected from the sample (212). The reflected light rays are directed through a spectral filter apparatus (216) and impinge on receptor surfaces of photo-voltaic sensor cells (232, 234, 236). The sensors (232, 234, 236) generate electrical currents having magnitudes proportional to the intensities of the sensed light rays. The electrical signals are applied as input signals to amplifiers (244, 246, 248), with the amplified signals applied as input signals to a multiplexer (256) for time multiplexing each of the output signals from the amplifiers. The resultant multiplexed signal is applied as an input signal to an A/D converter (264) to convert the analog multiplexed signal to a digital signal. The digital output signal from the A/D converter (264) is applied as a parallel set of binary information signals to a central processing unit (266). Actual measurements of color reference patches are processed so as to solve for unknown constants of a set of equations representing correction or compensation factors functionally dependent on actual reflectance measurements. The correction factors are then utilized by the densitometer apparatus (200) to compensate measurements of actual object samples.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种密度计装置（200），并且适于提供不透明材料的颜色密度测量。 密度计装置（200）包括具有通过准直透镜（206）投射光的源光（204）的光源单元（202）。 通过准直透镜（206）透射的光线突出通过孔（208）。 射线投射到被测样品（212）的被照射区域表面上。 反射光线（214）形式的电磁辐射从样品（212）反射。 反射光线被引导通过光谱滤光器装置（216）并撞击光电传感器单元（232,234,236）的受体表面。 传感器（232,234,236）产生具有与感测光线的强度成比例的大小的电流。 电信号作为输入信号施加到放大器（244,246,248），放大的信号作为输入信号施加到多路复用器（256），用于对来自放大器的每个输出信号进行时分复用。 将所得到的多路复用信号作为输入信号施加到A / D转换器（264），以将模拟多路复用信号转换为数字信号。 来自A / D转换器（264）的数字输出信号作为并行的二进制信息信号集合被应用于中央处理单元（266）。 处理颜色参考斑块的实际测量结果，以解决表示在功能上取决于实际反射率测量的校正或补偿因子的一组方程式的未知常数。 然后，密度计装置（200）利用校正因子来补偿实际物体样品的测量。