公开(公告)号：US07400405B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-15

申请号：US11062048

申请日：2005-02-18

Applicant: Darius Akbar Sadeghi ,  Herbert L. Berman

Inventor： Darius Akbar Sadeghi ,  Herbert L. Berman

IPC: G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/1217 ,  G01N21/645 ,  G01N2021/6471 ,  G01N2021/6484 ,  G01N2201/0221

Abstract: Highly portable, handheld instrument which can be pointed at the produce to be checked. Light from a source within the instrument is directed onto the produce to induce fluorescent emission from the produce, and fluorescent emissions from the produce are monitored with a detector within the instrument to detect the presence of pesticide residue on the produce. The light from the source is filtered to selectively pass light of a wavelength which induces maximum fluorescent emission from the pesticide to be detected, and the emissions from the produce are filtered to selectively pass emissions having a spectral content characteristic of the pesticide to be detected.

Abstract translation: 高度便携的手持式仪器，可以指向要检查的产品。 来自仪器内的源的光被引导到产品上以诱导来自产品的荧光发射，并且用仪器内的检测器监测来自产物的荧光发射以检测产物上农药残留的存在。 来自源的光被过滤以选择性地通过从被检测的农药引起最大荧光发射的波长的光，并且过滤来自产物的排放物以选择性地通过具有要检测的农药的谱含量特征的发射。

公开(公告)号：US20070177145A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-02

申请号：US11698047

申请日：2007-01-26

Applicant: Kazushi Ohishi ,  Hiroshi Ohta ,  Yoshinobu Sugihara

Inventor： Kazushi Ohishi ,  Hiroshi Ohta ,  Yoshinobu Sugihara

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/1804 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J2001/4242

Abstract: An optical spectrum analyzer has a deflection section for changing an incidence angle of measured light on a diffraction grating, a plurality of light detection sections for detecting the dispersed measured light and outputting an electric signal responsive to the light strength, and a signal processing section for finding an optical spectrum of the measured light based on the electric signal from the light detection sections. The light detection sections are arranged along the wavelength dispersion direction of the diffraction grating and output electric signals independently of each other.

Abstract translation: 光谱分析仪具有用于改变衍射光栅上的测量光的入射角的偏转部分，用于检测分散的测量光并响应于光强度输出电信号的多个光检测部分，以及用于 基于来自光检测部的电信号，求出测定光的光谱。 光检测部沿着衍射光栅的波长色散方向排列并且彼此独立地输出电信号。

公开(公告)号：US06999165B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-14

申请号：US09848614

申请日：2001-05-03

Applicant: Thomas W. Hagler

Inventor： Thomas W. Hagler

IPC: G01J3/04 ,  G02B26/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/2846 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2021/6423 ,  G01N2021/6463 ,  G01N2021/6471

Abstract: Method and apparatus for analyzing radiation using analyzers and encoders employing the spatial modulation of radiation dispersed by wavelength or imaged along a line.

公开(公告)号：US06388794B2

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09846583

申请日：2001-05-01

Applicant: Thomas W. Hagler

Inventor： Thomas W. Hagler

IPC: G02B2602

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0213 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A disc serving as a spatial radiation modulator has dispersed radiation filters thereon. Each filter has a transmittance or reflectance modulation function of the form sin2(m&thgr;+p&pgr;/4), where m is a positive integer and p has one of the four values 0, 1, 2, 3. A radiation beam including selected wavelength components is diffracted into an elongated image dispersed according to wavelength. Different wavelength components are focused onto different filters on the modulator and are encoded by correspond filters. Since the modulation functions of the filters are orthogonal to one another, it is possible to extract the amplitude of each wavelength component after it has been encoded or modulated by corresponding filter from the total detected signal during one measurement.

Abstract translation: 用作空间辐射调制器的盘在其上具有分散的辐射滤波器。 每个滤波器具有形式为sin2（mtata + ppi / 4）的透射率或反射率调制函数，其中m是正整数，p具有四个值0,1,2,3中的一个。包括选择的波长分量 被衍射成根据波长分散的细长图像。 不同的波长分量聚焦在调制器上的不同滤波器上，并由相应的滤波器编码。 由于滤波器的调制功能彼此正交，因此可以在一次测量期间从总检测信号对相应的滤波器进行编码或调制之后提取每个波长分量的振幅。

公开(公告)号：US6080983A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-27

申请号：US125564

申请日：1998-12-21

Applicant: Augustyn Waczynski ,  Mark L. Hendrickson ,  David J. Hartwick

Inventor： Augustyn Waczynski ,  Mark L. Hendrickson ,  David J. Hartwick

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/30 ,  G01D5/34

CPC classification number: G01J5/28 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/044 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J5/30 ,  G01J1/0266 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0289

Abstract: Disclosed is a radiation detector which includes at least one photoconductive detector and a modulator, which modulates in an on-off manner radiation passing to the photoconductive detector from a radiation source. A bias source is connected to one terminal of the photoconductive detector. A first amplifier is connected to the other terminal of the photoconductive detector, and a second amplifier receives an output of the first amplifier. A first phase detector detects the phase of modulation of the radiation source by the modulator and generates a reference signal relating thereto. A switch in the second amplifier changes, in response to the reference signal generated by the first phase detector, the second amplifier between an inverting state and a non-inverting state as the modulator changes the phase of modulation of the radiation.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / US97 / 02637第 371 1998年12月21日第 102（e）日期1998年12月21日PCT提交1997年2月21日PCT公布。 出版物WO97 / 31245 日期1997年8月28日公开是一种辐射检测器，其包括至少一个光电导检测器和调制器，其调制从辐射源通过光电导检测器的开关方式的辐射。 偏置源连接到光电检测器的一个端子。 第一放大器连接到光电导检测器的另一个端子，第二放大器接收第一放大器的输出。 第一相位检测器通过调制器检测辐射源的调制相位并产生与其相关的参考信号。 响应于由第一相位检测器产生的参考信号，第二放大器随着调制器改变辐射的调制相位而在反相状态和非反相状态之间改变开关。

公开(公告)号：US5585626A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-17

申请号：US276002

申请日：1994-07-15

Applicant: James L. Beck ,  Malcolm L. Kinter

Inventor： James L. Beck ,  Malcolm L. Kinter

IPC: A01M7/00 ,  A01M21/00 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/25 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  A01M21/00 ,  A01M7/0089 ,  G01C3/085 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G01J1/0422 ,  G01J1/0437 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01N2021/8466

Abstract: An optical proximity sensor generates information indicative of a distance to an object in a field and in some embodiments also generates information indicative of a spectral reflectance characteristic of the object. The information indicative of the spectral reflectance characteristic can be used to determine whether the object in the field is a living plant or another object such as soil. Light emitted from the optical sensor for reflection off the object is modulated so that reflected light from the optical sensor can be discriminated from reflected ambient sunlight. The optical sensor is scanned over the field to map objects in the field and/or to determine the location of rows of crop plants. A sensor in accordance with the present invention has many uses in agriculture including spraying, cultivation and vehicle guidance.

Abstract translation: 光学接近传感器产生指示到场中对象的距离的信息，并且在一些实施例中还产生指示对象的光谱反射特性的信息。 可以使用表示光谱反射率特性的信息来确定现场的物体是活的植物还是土壤等物体。 从光学传感器发出的用于从物体反射的光被调制，使得来自光学传感器的反射光可以被区分为反射的环境阳光。 光学传感器在场上扫描以在现场绘制物体和/或确定作物植物的行的位置。 根据本发明的传感器在农业中具有许多用途，包括喷雾，栽培和车辆引导。

公开(公告)号：US5408314A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-18

申请号：US21927

申请日：1993-02-24

Applicant: Jeffrey Perry ,  Richard J. Pittaro

Inventor： Jeffrey Perry ,  Richard J. Pittaro

IPC: A61M16/01 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: H04N5/361 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/44 ,  H04N5/3651 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01N2021/8578

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing dark signal correction on a photoelectric conversion device. A flow of light to the device is alternately conducted and interrupted. The device generates an intermixed signal while the flow of light is conducted to the device, the intermixed signal including a desired signal intermixed with an unwanted dark signal. The device generates a dark signal alone while the flow of light to the device is interrupted. The dark signal alone is filtered to produce a filtered dark signal. The filtered dark signal is subtracted from the intermixed signal to produce a corrected signal, which is representative of the desired signal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在光电转换装置上执行暗信号校正的方法和装置。 交替传导和中断到设备的光流。 该装置在将光流传导到装置时产生混合信号，混合信号包括与不需要的暗信号混合的期望信号。 该设备单独产生暗信号，同时中断到设备的光流。 单独的暗信号被滤波以产生滤波的暗信号。 从混合信号中减去滤波后的暗信号，以产生校正信号，该校正信号代表期望信号。

公开(公告)号：US5327356A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-05

申请号：US908525

申请日：1992-06-29

Applicant: Fred D. Lang ,  Steven K. Petrie ,  Arnaldo G. Dall'Era

Inventor： Fred D. Lang ,  Steven K. Petrie ,  Arnaldo G. Dall'Era

IPC: F23N5/00 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/01

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  F23N5/003 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/1234 ,  G01N2201/06186

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the combustion effluent of a fossil-fired system with high accuracy as required for the determination of fuel flow rate and boiler efficiency.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测定燃料流量和锅炉效率所需的高精度的化石燃烧系统的燃烧流出物的装置。

公开(公告)号：US5296702A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-22

申请号：US920942

申请日：1992-07-28

Applicant: Jim Beck ,  Tom Vyse

Inventor： Jim Beck ,  Tom Vyse

IPC: A01M7/00 ,  A01M21/00 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  A01M21/00 ,  A01M7/0089 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J3/0229

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for selectively eliminating weeds in agriculture operations. To provide selective elimination, at least two light (radiation) emitters, powered by an internal power source, are modulated to switch on and off at very high speeds. Each emitter emits radiation of a different emitter wavelength. The on/off modulation of one emitter is phase shifted by approximately 90.degree. with respect to the modulation of the other emitter. The pair of emitters are focused on a particular spot on the ground. The light beams, provided by the emitters, are reflected off a plant or the soil and are intercepted by a photodetector. Because plants have a characteristic spectral reflectance in regions of the electromagnetic spectrum which can be discriminated from the spectral reflectance of the background earth, the relative amplitudes of the reflected radiation at the two emitter wavelengths varies depending on whether the radiation is reflected off a plant or the soil. A ratio of the radiation at the two emitter wavelengths received by the photodetector is converted to a phase. This phase is compared to an initial reference phase of the modulation of one of the emitters. A controller uses this phase information to determine the presence or absence of a plant and then eliminates the weed.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于选择性地消除农业操作中的杂草的装置和方法。 为了提供选择性消除，由内部电源供电的至少两个光（辐射）发射器被调制以以非常高的速度接通和断开。 每个发射器发射不同发射波长的辐射。 一个发射器的开/关调制相对于另一个发射极的调制相移大约90度。 这对发射器聚焦在地面上的一个特定的地点上。 由发射器提供的光束从植物或土壤反射并被光电检测器截取。 由于植物在电磁波谱区域中具有特征光谱反射率，可以与背景地球的光谱反射率进行区分，所以两个发射波长处的反射辐射的相对幅度取决于辐射是否从植物反射而变化 土壤。 由光电检测器接收的两个发射波长处的辐射比被转换成相位。 将该相位与发射器之一的调制的初始参考相位进行比较。 控制器使用该相位信息来确定植物的存在或不存在，然后消除杂草。

公开(公告)号：US5129726A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-14

申请号：US488002

申请日：1990-05-09

Applicant: Bjarne C. Nielsen

Inventor： Bjarne C. Nielsen

IPC: B07C5/342 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/84

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  B07C5/342 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01N2021/845 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: An apparatus for color control of objects (11) has an approximately point-shaped light source in the form of a xenon flash lamp (16), which illuminates a specific, desired area through a diaphragm (17). Light reflected from the object is received by a detector unit (13) having three or more sensors (22) with their respective spectral sensitivities, which are positioned at such a great distance from the object that each receives substantially the same amount of light from all parts of the illuminated area. The detector signals are amplified by amplifiers adapted to filter all signals exhibiting another timewise variation than the light source, so that disturbing influence from the surroundings is avoided. The apparatus is simple and fast and is versatile in use.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DK88 / 00185 Sec。 371日期1990年5月9日 102（e）日期1990年5月9日PCT提交1988年11月9日PCT公布。 出版物WO89 / 04468 日期：1989年5月18日。用于物体（11）的颜色控制的设备具有氙闪光灯（16）形式的大致点状的光源，其通过隔膜（17）照射特定的所需区域。 从物体反射的光由具有三个或更多个传感器（22）的检测器单元（13）接收，具有它们各自的光谱灵敏度，这些传感器位于与物体相距很远的距离处，每个接收器从所有物体接收基本相同量的光 部分照明区域。 检测器信号被放大器放大，适用于滤除所有出现光源的时间变化的信号，从而避免了周围环境的不利影响。 该设备简单快捷，使用方便。