公开(公告)号：US06870617B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-22

申请号：US10796322

申请日：2004-03-09

Applicant: Adam Norton ,  Abdurrahman Sezginer ,  Fred E. Stanke ,  Rodney Smedt

Inventor： Adam Norton ,  Abdurrahman Sezginer ,  Fred E. Stanke ,  Rodney Smedt

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/55

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/55

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for determining characteristics of a sample. The system and method provide for detecting a monitor beam reflected off a mirror, where the monitor beam corresponds to the intensity of light incident upon the sample. The system and method also provide for detecting a measurement beam, where the measurement beam has been reflected off the sample being characterized. Both the monitor beam and the measurement beam are transmitted through the same transmission path, and detected by the same detector. Thus, potential sources of variations between the monitor beam and the measurement beam which are not due to the characteristics of the sample are minimized. Reflectivity information for the sample can be determined by comparing data corresponding to the measurement beam relative to data corresponding the monitor beam.

Abstract translation: 本发明是用于确定样品特性的方法和装置。 该系统和方法提供用于检测从反射镜反射的监视光束，其中监视光束对应于入射在样本上的光的强度。 该系统和方法还提供了用于检测测量光束，其中测量光束已经从被表征的样品反射出来。 监测光束和测量光束都通过相同的传输路径传输，并由相同的检测器检测。 因此，监测光束和测量光束之间不是由于样品特性引起的变化的潜在来源被最小化。 可以通过将与测量光束相对应的数据相对于监视光束对应的数据进行比较来确定样本的反射率信息。

公开(公告)号：US6057923A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-02

申请号：US290954

申请日：1999-04-13

Applicant: Glen W. Sachse

Inventor： Glen W. Sachse

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G02B5/30

CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3518

Abstract: A system and method are provided for detecting one or more substances. An optical path switch divides sample path radiation into a time series of alternating first polarized components and second polarized components. The first polarized components are transmitted along a first optical path and the second polarized components along a second optical path. A first gasless optical filter train filters the first polarized components to isolate at least a first wavelength band thereby generating first filtered radiation. A second gasless optical filter train filters the second polarized components to isolate at least a second wavelength band thereby generating second filtered radiation. The first wavelength band and second wavelength band are unique. Further, spectral absorption of a substance of interest is different at the first wavelength band as compared to the second wavelength band. A beam combiner combines the first and second filtered radiation to form a combined beam of radiation. A detector is disposed to monitor magnitude of at least a portion of the combined beam alternately at the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band as an indication of the concentration of the substance in the sample path.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于检测一种或多种物质的系统和方法。 光路开关将采样路径辐射分为交替的第一偏振分量和第二偏振分量的时间序列。 第一偏振分量沿着第一光路传播，第二偏振分量沿着第二光路传输。 第一无气体光学滤波器组对第一极化分量进行滤波以隔离至少第一波长带，从而产生第一滤波辐射。 第二无气体光学滤波器组对第二极化分量进行滤波以隔离至少第二波长带，从而产生第二滤波辐射。 第一波长带和第二波长带是唯一的。 此外，与第二波长带相比，感兴趣的物质的光谱吸收在第一波长带处不同。 光束组合器组合第一和第二滤波辐射以形成组合的辐射束。 检测器被设置为在第一波长带和第二波长带上交替地监测组合光束的至少一部分的大小作为样品路径中物质浓度的指示。

公开(公告)号：US6017122A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-25

申请号：US38413

申请日：1998-03-11

Applicant: Richard Andrew Bone ,  John Thomas Landrum ,  Wenlue Huang ,  Carlos Manuel Orta

Inventor： Richard Andrew Bone ,  John Thomas Landrum ,  Wenlue Huang ,  Carlos Manuel Orta

IPC: A61B3/02 ,  A61B3/06 ,  G01J3/08 ,  A61B3/10

CPC classification number: A61B3/02

Abstract: A flicker photometer comprises generating means (1, 8, 4) for generating two beams of light of different colors. Both beams are directed to a viewing means (190), and a subject can vary the intensity of light from one beam relative to the other. The color of the light seen by the subject is caused to alternate by a shutter (18) which is rotated about an axis by a motor, the shutter having a portion which extends non-perpendicularly relative to the axis to facilitate a compact construction of photometer. The performance of the photometer is improved by screens which scatter light before it reaches the subject. A first of the screens reflects light from one beam, whilst a second screen transmits light from the other. If light of wavelengths to which the eye is less sensitive is passed through the second screen, whilst light of a wavelength to which the eye is more sensitive passes through the first screen, the screens help to make it practicable for the generating means to use a single lamp (1) to produce the light for both beams.

Abstract translation: 闪烁光度计包括用于产生不同颜色的两束光的发生装置（1,8,4）。 两个光束被引导到观察装置（190），并且被摄体可以改变来自一个光束相对于另一个光束的光的强度。 由受试者所看到的光的颜色由通过马达围绕轴线旋转的快门（18）交替引导，闸板具有相对于轴线非垂直延伸的部分，以便于光度计的紧凑结构 。 通过在光到达被摄体之前散射光的屏幕改善了光度计的性能。 屏幕中的第一个屏幕反射来自一个光束的光，而第二个屏幕则透射来自另一个光束的光。 如果眼睛较不敏感的波长的光通过第二屏幕，而眼睛更敏感的波长的光通过第一屏幕，屏幕有助于使生成装置使用 单灯（1）产生两束光。

公开(公告)号：US5831742A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US659328

申请日：1996-06-06

Applicant: Joseph Watson ,  Reza Tamadoni ,  Barbara L. Jones ,  Kenneth W. Peter ,  Thomas F. Wylie

Inventor： Joseph Watson ,  Reza Tamadoni ,  Barbara L. Jones ,  Kenneth W. Peter ,  Thomas F. Wylie

IPC: G01N21/78 ,  G01J3/08

CPC classification number: G01N21/783

Abstract: A method and apparatus for instantaneously measuring the level of carbon dioxide (and other gases) in automotive combustion exhaust analysis is provided in the form of a portable battery driven roadside diagnostic instrument in which the CO.sub.2 level is measured by a calorimetric technique utilizing light as the energy source and a piezoelectric bimorph to vibrate a single fiber-optic element to multiplex between two fiber-optic receptors delivering the light to a measurement cell and a reference cell. The measurement cell comprises a salt of an acid-base indicator dye which provides proportional color change on contact with CO.sub.2. The dye is supported on a polymetric film in the cell.

Abstract translation: 以便携式电池驱动的路边诊断仪器的形式提供用于瞬时测量汽车燃烧排气分析中的二氧化碳（和其他气体）的水平的方法和装置，其中通过使用光作为测量的量热技术来测量CO 2水平 能量源和压电双压电晶片，以振动单个光纤元件以将两个光纤传感器之间的光纤传递到测量单元和参考单元。 测量单元包括酸碱指示剂染料的盐，其在与CO 2接触时提供成比例的颜色变化。 染料负载在电池中的聚甲醛膜上。

公开(公告)号：US5386295A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-31

申请号：US005321

申请日：1993-01-15

Applicant: Steven C. Switalski ,  David S. Uerz ,  Alan J. Lowne ,  James R. Sandifer ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

Inventor： Steven C. Switalski ,  David S. Uerz ,  Alan J. Lowne ,  James R. Sandifer ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/65

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N2021/3133 ,  G01N2021/3159 ,  G01N2021/3174 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N2201/0826 ,  G01N2201/1283

Abstract: A postacquired spectrophotometer, for use with a sample and reference. The spectrophotometer has a filter unit, defining an axis of movement, and pluralities of designated sites and dark sites disposed in uniform relation to the axis. The designated and dark sites are disposed in alternation. Alternating designated sites have apertures and filters covering the apertures. Further, a main member, coaxial with the filter unit, has sample and reference beam paths, which are intersected by the sites. The main member has disposed, in operative relation to the actuators, an actuator sensor, which generates an integration actuator signal upon alignment with each integration actuator and a clamping actuator signal upon alignment with each clamping actuator. Moreover, a drive continuously moves the filter unit relative to the axis and beam paths. Further, a light distribution system directs light separately from the sample and reference to respective beam paths, and then to a detector, which produces a detector signal responsive to light received. Finally, means for processing the signals is provided, including a clamping circuit, integrators, and a demultiplexer.

Abstract translation: 一个采用分光光度计的分光光度计，用于样品和参考。 分光光度计具有限定运动轴线的过滤器单元以及与轴线均匀关系地设置的多个指定位置和暗点。 指定的和黑暗的地点交替处置。 交替指定的位置具有覆盖孔的孔和过滤器。 此外，与过滤器单元同轴的主构件具有与位置相交的样品和参考光束路径。 主构件以致动器的方式相对于致动器设置致动器传感器，其在与每个积分致动器对准时产生积分致动器信号，并且在与每个夹紧致动器对准时产生夹紧致动器信号。 此外，驱动器相对于轴和梁路连续地移动过滤单元。 此外，配光系统将光从样品分开引导并参考各个光束路径，然后引导到检测器，该检测器响应于所接收的光产生检测器信号。 最后，提供用于处理信号的装置，包括钳位电路，积分器和解复用器。

公开(公告)号：US5311292A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-10

申请号：US915599

申请日：1992-07-21

Applicant: Tatsumi Sato ,  Osamu Ando

Inventor： Tatsumi Sato ,  Osamu Ando

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring color transmissivities of a color separation prism P includes (where the color separation prism P receives a measurement light S on an incident path and emits three color lights Sr, Sg and Sb on three exit paths of different directions): a photomultiplier 21 and an integrating sphere I for measuring an intensity of light entering the integrating sphere I on an entrance path, where the entrance path is set detached from an extension of the incident path; a first movable mirror 9 located in one of four paths including an extension of the incident path and the three exit paths for reflecting the light on each path to the second movable mirror 10; and a second movable mirror 10 placed on the entrance path of the integrating sphere I (with the photomultiplier 21) and oriented in one of four directions for reflecting the light from the first movable mirror 9 to the integrating sphere I. Because the 100%-transmission light and the three color lights transmitted through the color separation prism P undergo the same optical history, absolute transmissivities of the color lights can be measured, and the two-beam method can be used since the integrating sphere I is fixed.

Abstract translation: 用于测量分色棱镜P的颜色透射率的装置包括（其中分色棱镜P接收入射路径上的测量光S并在不同方向的三个出口处发射三色光Sr，Sg和Sb）：光电倍增管 21和用于测量在入射路径上进入积分球I的光的强度的积分球I，其中入射路径与入射路径的延伸部分离开; 第一可移动镜9，其位于包括入射路径的延伸部的四个路径中的一个中，以及用于将每条路径上的光反射到第二可移动镜10的三个出射路径; 以及放置在积分球I（与光电倍增管21）的入射路径上的第二可移动镜10，并且在四个方向中的一个方向上定向，以将来自第一可移动镜9的光反射到积分球I.由于100％ - 透射光和通过分色棱镜P透射的三色光经历相同的光学历史，可以测量彩色光的绝对透射率，并且可以使用双积分方法，因为积分球I是固定的。

公开(公告)号：US5184193A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-02

申请号：US293218

申请日：1989-01-04

Applicant: David A. LeFebre

Inventor： David A. LeFebre

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2003/068 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N2201/04 ,  G01N2201/0833

Abstract: Spectrophotometric apparatus and methodology suitable for continuous and long-term use. The apparatus includes a monochromator providing pre-dispersed monochromatic light to the optical inputs of a pair of fiber optic cables and a translator for alternatively positioning the fiber optic cables at the same location with respect to the monochromator output. One of the cables conducts light to a sample under study while the other cable provides a reference for light intensity measurements. The methodology includes the steps of performing two scans through the monochromator output for each measurement on the sample. The fiber optic cables are moved between scans so that the cable employed in the latter scan occupies the former position of the cable employed in prior scan.

Abstract translation: 分光光度仪和方法适用于连续和长期使用。 该装置包括单色仪，其将预分散的单色光提供给一对光纤电缆的光输入端，以及用于相对于单色仪输出将光纤缆线替代地定位在相同位置处的转换器。 其中一根电缆对正在研究的样品进行光照，而另一根电缆为光强测量提供参考。 该方法包括通过单色仪输出进行两次扫描以对样本进行每次测量的步骤。 光纤电缆在扫描之间移动，使得在后一扫描中使用的电缆占据先前扫描中使用的电缆的前一位置。

公开(公告)号：US5128797A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-07

申请号：US653605

申请日：1991-02-11

Applicant: Glen W. Sachse ,  Liang-Guo Wang

Inventor： Glen W. Sachse ,  Liang-Guo Wang

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01N21/3518 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01N2021/3509

Abstract: A non-mechanical optical switch is provided for alternately switching a monochromatic or quasi-monochromatic light beam along two optical paths. A polarizer polarizes light into a single, e.g., vertical component which is then rapidly modulated into vertical and horizontal components by a polarization modulator. A polarization beam splitter then reflects one of these components along one path and transmits the other along the second path. In the specific application of gas filter correlation radiometry, one path is directed through a vacuum cell and one path is directed through a gas correlation cell containing a desired gas. Reflecting mirrors cause these two paths to intersect at a second polarization beam splitter which reflects one component and transmits the other to recombine them into a polarization modulated beam which can be detected by an appropriate single sensor.

Abstract translation: 提供非机械光学开关用于沿着两个光路交替地切换单色或准单色光束。 偏振器将光线偏振成单个例如垂直分量，然后通过偏振调制器将光快速调制成垂直和水平分量。 偏振分束器然后沿着一个路径反射这些分量中的一个，并沿第二路径传输另一个。 在气体过滤器相关辐射测量的具体应用中，一条路径被引导通过真空室，一条路径被引导通过含有所需气体的气相关池。 反射镜使得这两条路径在第二偏振分束器处相交，​​第二偏振分束器反射一个分量并透射另一个分量，将它们重新组合成可由适当的单个传感器检测的偏振调制束。

公开(公告)号：US4795256A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-03

申请号：US23567

申请日：1987-03-09

Applicant: Andrew W. Krause ,  Charles G. Marianik ,  Ronald J. Kovach

Inventor： Andrew W. Krause ,  Charles G. Marianik ,  Ronald J. Kovach

IPC: G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/4406

Abstract: A dual wavelength spectrophotometer produces a relatively small, high power, high duty cycle light spot from a single relatively low power multi-chromatic light source. A Xenon arc lamp light source is focused by an ellipsoidal mirror onto a rotating partially reflective optical chopper. The chopper comprises a wheel having mirrored segments alternately separated by transparent segments. Light reflected by the mirrored segments passes through a first monochromator which produces a first monochromatic light beam. Light transmitted through the transparent segments passes through a second monochromator and emerges as a second monochromatic light beam having a wavelength different from the wavelength of said first monochromatic light beam. The first and second monochromatic light beams are recombined into a single dual wavelength light beam that is reflected through a sample to be analyzed. Reflective front surfaces are employed throughout the system in order to minimize power loss.

Abstract translation: 双波长分光光度计从单个相对低功率的多色光源产生相对较小的高功率，高占空比的光斑。 氙弧灯光源通过椭圆面镜聚焦到旋转的部分反射的光斩波器上。 斩波器包括具有由透明段交替分开的镜像段的车轮。 由镜像段反射的光穿过产生第一单色光束的第一单色仪。 透过透明区段的光通过第二单色仪，并作为具有不同于所述第一单色光束的波长的波长的第二单色光束而出射。 第一和第二单色光束被复合成单个双波长光束，其被反射通过要分析的样品。 在整个系统中采用反射前表面，以最大限度地减少功率损耗。

公开(公告)号：US4739167A

公开(公告)日：1988-04-19

申请号：US875857

申请日：1986-06-18

Applicant: Heinz Riegler

Inventor： Heinz Riegler

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J1/36 ,  G02B26/04

CPC classification number: G01J1/36

Abstract: Device for synchronous modulation, synchronous light-path switch-over and control-signal derivation for step-drive controlled modulation and switch-over devices, especially for multibeam spectral analysis equipment and preferably for the infrared region of the spectrum, in which the radiation modulation is effected by a rotating light stop and the light path switch-over between a measuring beam and a reference beam is effected by pivoting mirrors. The device provides for the use of only a single photosensor. The synchronization between the stepping motor for moving the light stop and the stepping motors for moving the mirrors is effected via a counting logic and common clocking. Moreover, set pulses are generated to set the mirrors in defined positions, and control signals are generated for further processing.

Abstract translation: 用于步进驱动控制调制和切换装置的同步调制，同步光路切换和控制信号导出装置，特别是用于多光谱光谱分析设备，优选用于光谱的红外区域，其中辐射调制 通过旋转的光停止来实现，并且测量光束和参考光束之间的光路切换通过枢转反射镜来实现。 该设备仅使用单个光电传感器。 用于移动光停止的步进电机和用于移动反射镜的步进电机之间的同步通过计数逻辑和通用时钟来实现。 此外，产生设置脉冲以将反射镜设置在限定位置，并且产生控制信号用于进一步处理。