Abstract:
The invention relates to an improved method for producing an animal food supplement containing D-panthothenic acid and/or salts thereof, in addition to the use thereof.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Filtration und Entwässerung von Klärschlämmen (1) in einer Membranfilterpresse (9), bei dem Klärschlamm (1), gegebenenfalls mit Zuschlagstoffen (2), wie Kohle oder Asche, unter Zugabe eines Flockungshilfsmittels, zB einem organischen Polymer, in einem Kontaktwerk (3) vermischt und geflockt und über eine Pumpe (4) der Membranfilterpresse (9) zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der, gegebenenfalls mit Zuschlagstoffen (2), versetzte Klärschlamm (1) über eine Leitung (5) einem Zylinderrührer (7) mit rotierenden, im Durchmesser über die Zylinderlänge veränderten Zylinderdurchmessern, vorzugsweise mit abgestuften Zylindern (7a, 7b, 7c), zugeführt wird, das Flockungshilfsmittel über eine Leitung (6) in den Zylinderrührer (7) eingeführt wird, daß unter angepaßten Schergefällen bzw. Energieeinträgen zunächst der gegebenenfalls mit Zuschlagstoffen (2) versetzte Klärschlamm (1) und das Flockungshilfsmittel im ersten Bereich (7a) intensiv durchmischt, dann im Zylinder mit einem geringeren Durchmesser (7b) gezielt die Flocke aufgebaut und die Flocke abschließend, im Bereich des letzten Zylinders (7c), mechanisch stabilisiert, und der so geflockte Klärschlamm (1) über eine Ableitung (8) der Membranfilterpresse (9) zugeführt wird.
Abstract:
In a process for concentrating an at least partially crystalline solid containing at least one zeolite in a mixture comprising at least one auxiliary, for example a template compound, and said solid, the mixture is ultrafiltrated in a step (II) to divide the mixture into a retentate and a permeate, the solids content in the retentate being higher than that in the mixture and the solids content in the permeate being lower than that in the mixture. This procedure allows auxiliaries, in particular template compounds, present in the permeate to be recycled into a crystallizing step (I) upstream of step (II).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for concentrating an at least partially crystalline solid containing at least one zeolite in a mixture, said mixture containing at least one auxiliary agent, for example a template compound, an d the cited solid. The inventive method is characterised in that the mixture i s divided into a retentate and a permeate in one step (II) by means of ultrafiltration, the solid content in the retentate being higher than that i n the mixture and the solid content in the permeate being lower than that in t he mixture. Said method enables auxiliary agents in the permeate, especially template compounds, to be redirected into a crystallisation step (I) which precedes the cited step (II).
Abstract:
IN A PROCESS FOR CONCENTRATING AN AT LEAST PARTIALLY CRYSTALLINE SOLID CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE ZEOLITE IN A MIXTURE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE AUXILIARY, FOR EXAMPLE A TEMPLATE COMPOUND, AND SAID SOLID , THE MIXTURE IS ULTRAFILTRATED IN A STEP (II) TO DIVIDE THE MIXTURE INTO A RETENTATE AND A PERMEATE, THE SOLIDS CONTENT IN THE RETENTATE BEING HIGHER THAN THAT IN THE MIXTURE AND THE SOLIDS CONTENT IN THE PERMEATE BEING LOWER THAN THAT IN THE MIXTURE. THIS PROCEDURE ALLOWS AUXILIARIES, IN PARTICULAR TEMPLATE COMPOUNDS , PRESENT IN THE PERMEATE TO BE RECYCLED INTO A CRYSTALLIZATION STEP (I) UPSTREAM OF STEP (II).
Abstract:
In a process for concentrating an at least partially crystalline solid containing at least one zeolite in a mixture comprising at least one auxiliary, for example a template compound, and said solid, the mixture is ultrafiltrated in a step (II) to divide the mixture into a retentate and a permeate, the solids content in the retentate being higher than that in the mixture and the solids content in the permeate being lower than that in the mixture. This procedure allows auxiliaries, in particular template compounds, present in the permeate to be recycled into a crystallizing step (I) upstream of step (II).
Abstract:
In a process for concentrating an at least partially crystalline solid containing at least one zeolite in a mixture comprising at least one auxiliary, for example a template compound, and said solid, the mixture is ultrafiltrated in a step (II) to divide the mixture into a retentate and a permeate, the solids content in the retentate being higher than that in the mixture and the solids content in the permeate being lower than that in the mixture. This procedure allows auxiliaries, in particular template compounds, present in the permeate to be recycled into a crystallizing step (I) upstream of step (II).
Abstract:
In a process for separating suspended catalysts from a liquid reaction mixture by cross-flow filtration of the catalyst-containing reaction mixture on a membrane, the membrane is made of an inorganic material and has a mean pore diameter of less than 1000 nm. These membranes can be used for separating suspended catalysts from catalyst-containing reaction mixtures used for catalytically hydrogenating 2-butin-1,4-diol and producing 1,4-butanediol.