Abstract:
Disclosed herein are radio frequency (RF) cavities and systems including such RF cavities. The RF cavities are characterized as having an insert with at least one sidewall coated with a material to prevent charge build up without affecting RF input power and that is heat and vacuum compatible. One example RF cavity 206 includes a dielectric insert 222, the dielectric insert having an opening extending from one side of the dielectric insert to another to form a via 230, and a coating layer disposed on an inner surface of the dielectric insert, the inner surface facing the via 230, wherein the coating layer has a thickness and a resistivity, the thickness less than a thickness threshold, and the resistivity greater than a resistivity threshold, wherein the thickness and resistivity thresholds are based partly on operating parameters of the RF cavity.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a holder assembly for cooperating with a nanoreactor (100) and an electron microscope, the electron microscope in working irradiating the nanoreactor with a beam of electrons, said holder assembly having a distal end (120) for holding the nanoreactor(100), the nanoreactor (100) having a first chip (102) with a first electron transparent window (104), and a second chip (106) having a second electron transparent window (108), the first chip and the second chip enclosing an enclosed volume (112), the first electron transparent window aligned with the second electron transparent window, the first chip (102) having a fluid inlet (114) for entering a fluid into the enclosed volume (112) and optionally a fluid outlet (214), the distal end (120) of the holder assembly in working placed in an evacuated part of the electron microscope, the nanoreactor (100) in working attached to the distal end (120), the distal end (120) having a fluid supply channel (126) in working connected to the fluid inlet (114) and optionally a fluid outlet tube (226) connected to the fluid outlet (214), the connection between the fluid inlet (114) and the fluid supply channel (126) in working sealed by a fluid supply sealing element (128), characterized in that the holder assembly comprises a recess (138) that, when the nanoreactor is attached to the holder assembly, forms a sealed pre-vacuum volume between the distal end (120) and the first flat layer (102), the pre-vacuum volume evacuated via a pre-vacuum channel (132) ending in the recess (138), and the fluid supply sealing element (128) and optionally a corresponding fluid outlet sealing element (228) are exposed to the evacuated pre-vacuum volume such that any leakage of the fluid via the fluid supply sealing element (128) and the optional fluid outlet sealing element is pumped away via the pre-vacuum channel (132) without entering the evacuated part of the electron microscope.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a holder assembly for cooperating with an environmental cell ( 101 ) and an electron microscope, the environmental cell showing a fluid inlet (103), the electron microscope showing a vacuum wall (110) for separating an evacuable part of the electron microscope from the outside of the electron microscope, the holder assembly comprising an electron microscope interface for forming a sealing interface with the electron microscope, the holder assembly comprising an environmental cell interface for forming a sealing interfacing with the fluid inlet (103) of the environmental cell ( 101 ), and the holder assembly comprising a tube (126) for connecting a fluid supply to the fluid inlet (103) of the environmental cell ( 101 ), The holder assembly comprises a first (122) and a second (121) part, the first part detachable from the second part, the first part comprising the tube (126) and the environmental cell interface and the second part comprising the electron microscope interface, as a result of which the first part (122) can be cleaned at high temperatures without exposing the second part (121) to said high temperature. By forming the holder assembly from to detachable parts, one part can be cleaned by heating it to a high temperature of, for example, 1000 °C, clogging in the tubes can be removed by reduction of carbon, while keeping the other part (often comprising mechanical fittings, ball bearing, sliders, or such like) cool. The cleaning can be enhanced by blowing, for example, oxygen or hydrogen through the tubes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a holder assembly for cooperating with an environmental cell ( 101 ) and an electron microscope, the environmental cell showing a fluid inlet (103), the electron microscope showing a vacuum wall (110) for separating an evacuable part of the electron microscope from the outside of the electron microscope, the holder assembly comprising an electron microscope interface for forming a sealing interface with the electron microscope, the holder assembly comprising an environmental cell interface for forming a sealing interfacing with the fluid inlet (103) of the environmental cell (101), and the holder assembly comprising a tube (126) for connecting a fluid supply to the fluid inlet (103) of the environmental cell (101), characterized in that the holder assembly comprises a first and a second part, the first part detachable from the second part, the first part comprising the tube (126) and the environmental cell interface and the second part comprising the electron microscope interface, as a result of which the first part can be cleaned at high temperatures without exposing the second part to said high temperature. By forming the holder assembly from to detachable parts, one part can be cleaned by heating it to a high temperature of, for example, 1000 °C, clogging in the tubes can be removed by reduction of carbon, while keeping the other part (often comprising mechanical fittings, ball bearing, sliders, or such like) cool. The cleaning can be enhanced by blowing, for example, oxygen or hydrogen through the tubes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of determining the temperature of a sample carrier in a charged particle-optical apparatus, characterized in that the method comprises the observation of the sample carrier with a beam of charged particles, the observation giving information about the temperature of the sample carrier. The invention is based on the insight that a charged particle optical apparatus, such as a TEM, STEM, SEM or FIB, can be used to observe temperature related changes of a sample carrier. The changes may be mechanical changes (e.g. of a bimetal), crystallographic changes (e.g. of a perovskite), and luminescent changes (in intensity or decay time). In a preferred embodiment the sample carrier shows two bimetals (210a, 21 0b), showing metals (208, 210) with different thermal expansion coefficients, bending in opposite directions. The distance between the two bimetals is used as a thermometer.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of determining the temperature of a sample carrier in a charged particle-optical apparatus, characterized in that the method comprises the observation of the sample carrier with a beam of charged particles, the observation giving information about the temperature of the sample carrier. The invention is based on the insight that a charged particle optical apparatus, such as a TEM, STEM, SEM or FIB, can be used to observe temperature related changes of a sample carrier. The changes may be mechanical changes (e.g. of a bimetal), crystallographic changes (e.g. of a perovskite), and luminescent changes (in intensity or decay time). In a preferred embodiment the sample carrier shows two bimetals (210a, 21 0b), showing metals (208, 210) with different thermal expansion coefficients, bending in opposite directions. The distance between the two bimetals is used as a thermometer.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a transfer mechanism for transferring a specimen (2) from a first position in a first holder ( 40 ) to a second position in a second holder (10) and/or vice versa, each holder ( 10 , 40 ) equipped to detachably hold the specimen, the transfer of the specimen between the holders taking place in a transfer position different from the second position, characterized in that when the specimen is transferred between the holders ( 10 , 40 ) a mechanical guidance mechanism positions the holders with a mutual accuracy higher than the mutual accuracy in the second position, and said mechanical guidance mechanism not positioning at least one of the holders ( 10 , 40 ) when the specimen is in the second position. The mechanical guidance mechanism may comprise extra parts ( 50 ). At least one of the holders ( 40 ) may be equipped to hold a multitude of specimens.
Abstract:
Systems for reducing the generation of thermal magnetic field noise in optical elements of microscope systems, are disclosed. Example microscopy optical elements having reduced Johnson noise generation according to the present disclosure comprises an inner core composed of an electrically isolating material, and an outer coating composed of an electrically conductive material. The product of the thickness of the outer coating and the electrical conductivity is less than 0.01Ω -1 . The outer coating causes a reduction in Johnson noise generated by the optical element of greater than 2x, 3x, or an order of magnitude or greater. In a specific example embodiment, the optical element is a corrector system having reduced Johnson noise generation. Such a corrector system comprises an outer magnetic multipole, and an inner electrostatic multipole. The inner electrostatic multipole comprises an inner core composed of an electrically isolating material and an outer coating composed of an electrically conductive material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a charged particle detector, comprising the steps of providing a sensor device, such as an Active Pixel Sensor (APS). Said sensor device at least comprises a substrate layer and a sensitive layer. The method further comprises the step of providing a mechanical supporting layer and connecting said mechanical supporting layer to said sensor device. After connection, the sensitive layer is situated in between said substrate layer and said mechanical supporting layer. By connecting the mechanical supporting layer, it is possible to thin said substrate layer for forming said charged particle detector. The mechanical supporting layer forms part of the manufactured detector. The detector can be used in a charged particle microscope, such as a Transmission Electron Microscope for direct electron detection.
Abstract:
An Electron Microscope M comprising: - A specimen holder H, for holding a specimen S; - A source 4, for producing a beam B of electrons; - An illumination system 6, for directing said beam so as to irradiate the specimen; - An elongate beam conduit B", through which the beam is directed; - A detector 26, 30, 32, 34, for detecting radiation emanating from the specimen in response to said irradiation, wherein at least a longitudinal portion of said beam conduit has a composite structure comprising: - An outer tube 50 of electrically insulating material; - An inner skin 52 of electrically conductive material. In an alternative but related structure, at least a longitudinal portion of said beam conduit is comprised of an aggregate composite material comprising intermixed electrically insulating material and electrically conductive material.