Abstract:
A method of inspecting a phase shift mask is disclosed. The method includes receiving a mask having an alternating phase shift pattern. The method also includes forming the alternating phase shift pattern on a wafer. The method further includes analyzing the alternating phase shift pattern on the wafer to determine the phase difference of the alternating phase shift pattern.
Abstract:
Disclosed are overlay targets having flexible and symmetric characteristics and metrology techniques for measuring the overlay error between two or more successive layers of such targets. In one embodiment, the semiconductor target comprises a plurality of first structures having a first center of symmetry or a first line of symmetry being arranged to determine the relative shift in an x direction by analyzing an image of the first structure. The target further comprises a plurality of second structures having a second center of symmetry or a second line of symmetry being arranged to determine the relative shift in an x direction by analyzing an image of the second structures, wherein the first center of symmetry or first line of symmetry has a different location than the second center of symmetry or second line of symmetry.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of determining an overlay error between two layers of a multiple layer sample. For a plurality of periodic targets that each have a first structure formed from a first layer and a second structure formed from a second layer of the sample, an optical system is employed to thereby measure an optical signal from each of the periodic targets. There are predefined offsets between the first and second structures. An overlay error is determined between the first and second structures by analyzing the measured optical signals from the periodic targets using a scatterometry overlay technique based on the predefined offsets. The optical system comprises any one or more of the following apparatuses: a reflectometric, a ellipsomertic, imaging, interferometric, and/ or scanning angle system.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods and apparatus for analyzing the quality of overlay targets. In one embodiment, a method of extracting data from an overlay target is disclosed. Initially, image information or one or more intensity signals of the overlay target are provided. An overlay error is obtained from the overlay target by analyzing the image information or the intensity signal(s) of the overlay target. A systematic error metric is also obtained from the overlay target by analyzing the image information or the intensity signal(s) of the overlay target. For example, the systematic error may indicate an asymmetry metric for one or more portions of the overlay target. A noise metric is further obtained from the overlay target by applying a statistical model to the image information or the intensity signal(s) of the overlay target. Noise metric characterizes noise, such as a grainy background, associated with the overlay target. In other embodiments, an overlay and/or stepper analysis procedure is then performed based on the systematic error metric and/or the noise metric, as well as the overlay data.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of determining an overlay error between two layers of a multiple layer sample. For a plurality of periodic targets that each have a first structure formed from a first layer and a second structure formed from a second layer of the sample, an optical system is employed to thereby measure an optical signal from each of the periodic targets. There are predefined offsets between the first and second structures. An overlay error is determined between the first and second structures by analyzing the measured optical signals from the periodic targets using a scatterometry overlay technique based on the predefined offsets. The optical system comprises any one or more of the following apparatuses: a reflectometric, a ellipsomertic, imaging, interferometric, and/ or scanning angle system.
Abstract:
Disclosed are techniques, apparatus, and targets for determining overlay error between two layers of a sample. A plurality of targets is provided. Each target includes a portion of the first and second structures and each is designed to have an offset between its first and second structure portions. The targets are illuminated with electromagnetic radiation to thereby obtain spectra from each target at a −1st diffraction order and a +1st diffraction order. It is determined whether there are any overlay error between the first structures and the second structures using a scatterometry technique based on the detected spectra by (i) for each target, determining a first differential intensity between the −1st diffraction order and a +1st diffraction order, (ii) for a plurality of pairs of targets each having a first target and a second target, determining a second differential intensity between the first differential intensity of the first target and the first differential intensity of the second target, and (iii) determining any overlay error between the first structures and the second structures using a scatterometry technique based on the second differential intensities determined from each target pair.