Abstract:
The disclosure relates to measuring a parameter of a lithographic process and a metrology apparatus. In one arrangement, radiation from a radiation source is modified and used to illuminate a target formed on a substrate using the lithographic process. Radiation scattered from a target is detected and analyzing to determine the parameter. The modification of the radiation comprises modifying a wavelength spectrum of the radiation to have a local minimum between a global maximum and a local maximum, wherein the power spectral density of the radiation at the local minimum is less than 20% of the power spectral density of the radiation at the global maximum and the power spectral density of the radiation at the local maximum is at least 50% of the power spectral density of the radiation at the global maximum.
Abstract:
An optical system (OS) for focusing a beam of radiation (B) on a region of interest in a metrology apparatus is described. The beam of radiation (B) comprises radiation in a soft X-ray or Extreme Ultraviolet spectral range. The optical system (OS) comprises a first stage (S1) for focusing the beam of radiation at an intermediate focus region. The optical system (OS) comprises a second stage (S2) for focusing the beam of radiation from the intermediate focus region onto the region of interest. The first and second stages each comprise a Kirkpatrick-Baez reflector combination. At least one reflector comprises an aberration- correcting reflector.
Abstract:
An optical system arranged to receive a radiation beam (Ba). The optical system comprising a reflective element (101) comprising a plurality of reflective regions (105), wherein different reflective regions (105a, 105b) are configured to reflect incident radiation in different directions, and wherein the reflective regions are configured such that at a given position of the reflective element the radiation beam is only incident on a subset of the reflective regions and an actuator (103) configured to move the reflective element, relative to the radiation beam, thereby changing the one or more reflective regions on which the radiation beam is incident.
Abstract:
A radiation sensor comprising a chamber (110) for containing a gas, the chamber having a first opening (108a) and a second opening (108b) such that a radiation beam can enter the chamber through the first opening, propagate through the chamber and exit the chamber through the second opening, a gas supply mechanism (112, 114, 116, 118) configured to supply hydrogen or helium into the chamber, a first electrode (121) situated in the chamber, a second electrode (122) situated in the chamber, a voltage source (141) configured to maintain a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electrical sensor (143a, 145a, 143b, 145b) configured to measure an electrical current flowing through at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrical current resulting from ionization of the hydrogen or helium in the chamber caused by a radiation beam propagating through the chamber and a processor operable to determine, from the measured electrical current, at least one of a power and a position of a radiation beam propagating through the chamber.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a substrate support for an apparatus of the type which projects a beam of EUV radiation onto a target portion of a substrate. The substrate support comprises a substrate table constructed to hold a substrate, a support block for supporting the substrate table, and a cover plate disposed around the substrate table. The top surface of the cover plate and the top surface of a substrate mounted on the substrate table are all substantially at the same level. At least one sensor unit is located on the substrate support and its top surface is also at the same level as that of the cover plate and substrate. Also disclosed is an EUV lithographic apparatus comprising such a substrate support.
Abstract:
A radiation source comprises: an emitter for emitting a fuel target towards a plasma formation region; a laser system for hitting the target with a laser beam to generating a plasma; a collector for collecting radiation emitted by the plasma; an imaging system configured to capture an image of the target; one or more markers at the collector and within a field of view of the imaging system; and a controller. The controller receives data representative of the image; and controls operation of the radiation source in dependence on the data.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus can include an illumination system (IL) that conditions a radiation beam (B), a first stationary plate (412) having a first surface (426), and a reticle stage defining, along with the first stationary plate, a first chamber (404). The reticle stage supports a reticle (402) in the first chamber, and the reticle stage includes a first surface (424) spaced apart from a second surface of the first stationary plate, thereby defining a first gap (414) configured to suppress the amount of contamination passing from a second chamber (406) to the first chamber. The first stationary plate is between the reticle stage and both the illumination system and a projection system (PS) configured to project a pattern imparted to the radiation beam by the patterning device onto a substrate.
Abstract:
A measurement system to determine a deformation of an object having a front surface and a back surface and being provided with a pattern is described, the measurement system comprising: ∙ a processor and ∙ an interferometer system comprising a light source and a detector system; the light source being configured to emit, to each of a plurality of locations on the object, measurement beams in order to generate, at each of the respective plurality of locations, reflected measurement beams off the front and back surfaces of the object respectively; the detector system being configured to receive the respective reflected measurement beams and output signals representative of the received reflected measurement beams to the processor; the processor being configured to: ∙ receive the signals; ∙ determine, based on the signals as received, a characteristic of the object; and ∙ determine a deformation of the pattern based on the characteristic.
Abstract:
A radiation sensor apparatus for determining a position and/or power of a radiation beam comprises: a chamber for containing a gas; one or more sensors; and a processor. The chamber is provided with a first opening and a second opening such that a radiation beam can enter the chamber through the first opening, propagate through the chamber generally along an axis, and exit the chamber through the second opening. Each of the one or more sensors is arranged to receive and detect radiation emitted from a region of the chamber around the axis. The processor is operable to use the radiation detected by the one or more sensors to determine a position and/or power of a radiation beam propagating through the chamber generally along the axis.
Abstract:
A reflector (2) comprising a plate (4) supported by a substrate (8), wherein the plate has a reflective surface (5) and is secured to the substrate by adhesive free bonding, and wherein a cooling channel array (10) is provided in the reflector. The channels (16) of the cooling channel array may be formed from open channels in a surface of the substrate, the open channels being closed by the plate to create the channels.