Abstract:
A grating for EUV-radiation includes a plurality of reflecting lines. Each reflecting line includes a plurality of first reflecting dots, and a plurality of second reflecting dots arranged between each other. The first reflecting dots and the second reflecting dots are configured to reflect EUV-radiation with a mutual phase difference of 180±10 degrees mod 360 degrees.
Abstract:
A radiation system comprising a beam splitting apparatus configured to receive a main radiation beam and split the main radiation beam into a plurality of branch radiation beams and a radiation alteration device arranged to receive an input radiation beam and output a modified radiation beam, wherein the radiation alteration device is configured to provide an output modified radiation beam which has an increased etendue, when compared to the received input radiation beam, wherein the radiation alteration device is arranged such that the input radiation beam which is received by the radiation alteration device is a main radiation beam and the radiation alteration device is configured to provide a modified main radiation beam to the beam splitting apparatus, or wherein the radiation alteration device is arranged such that the input radiation beam which is received by the radiation alteration device is a branch radiation beam output from the beam splitting apparatus.
Abstract:
An apparatus for receiving an input radiation beam at a beam receiving location and outputting from the beam receiving location one or more output radiation beams. The apparatus comprises: an optical element; and a movement mechanism. The optical element comprises a plurality of portions for receiving the input radiation beam. The movement mechanism is operable to move the plurality of portions so as selectively position each of the plurality of portions at the beam receiving location. When one of the plurality of portions is disposed in the beam receiving location it is configured to receive the input radiation beam and to scatter the input radiation beam so as to form the one or more output radiation beams. A direction of each of the one or more output radiation beams formed by each of the plurality of portions is substantially the same as a direction of a corresponding output radiation beam formed by each of the other portions. One or more properties of each of the plurality of portions differs from that of the other portions such that a power of at least one of the one or more output radiation beams formed by each of the plurality of portions is different to that of the corresponding output radiation beam formed by at least one of the other portions.
Abstract:
A delivery system for use within a lithographic system. The beam delivery system comprises optical elements arranged to receive a radiation beam from a radiation source and to reflect portions of radiation along one or more directions to form a one or more branch radiation beams for provision to one or more tools.
Abstract:
A measurement system to determine a deformation of an object having a front surface and a back surface and being provided with a pattern is described, the measurement system comprising: ∙ a processor and ∙ an interferometer system comprising a light source and a detector system; the light source being configured to emit, to each of a plurality of locations on the object, measurement beams in order to generate, at each of the respective plurality of locations, reflected measurement beams off the front and back surfaces of the object respectively; the detector system being configured to receive the respective reflected measurement beams and output signals representative of the received reflected measurement beams to the processor; the processor being configured to: ∙ receive the signals; ∙ determine, based on the signals as received, a characteristic of the object; and ∙ determine a deformation of the pattern based on the characteristic.
Abstract:
A method of patterning lithographic substrates, the method comprising using a free electron laser to generate EUV radiation and delivering the EUV radiation to a lithographic apparatus which projects the EUV radiation onto lithographic substrates, wherein the method further comprises reducing fluctuations in the power of EUV radiation delivered to the lithographic substrates by using a feedback-based control loop to monitor the free electron laser and adjust operation of the free electron laser accordingly.
Abstract:
A delivery system for use within a lithographic system. The beam delivery system comprises optical elements arranged to receive a radiation beam from a radiation source and to reflect portions of radiation along one or more directions to form a one or more branch radiation beams for provision to one or more tools.
Abstract:
A method of patterning lithographic substrates that includes using a free electron laser to generate EUV radiation and delivering the EUV radiation to a lithographic apparatus which projects the EUV radiation onto lithographic substrates. The method further includes reducing fluctuations in the power of EUV radiation delivered to the lithographic substrates by using a feedback-based control loop to monitor the free electron laser and adjust operation of the free electron laser accordingly, and applying variable attenuation to EUV radiation that has been output by the free electron laser in order to further control the power of EUV radiation delivered to the lithographic apparatus.