Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing glyoxal diacetal that uses a water- miscible alcohol and permits the continuous operation in high yield. SOLUTION: The reaction of 40-75 wt.% of glyoxal aqueous solution with a monohydric alcohol is carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce a glyoxal diacetal. In this case, a liquid mixture including the alcohol and glyoxal in at least 15:1 molar ratio and water in an amount of ≤8 wt.% at the start of the reaction is brought into contact with an acid catalyst so that the alcohol used may not be distilled off over 5 wt.% until the concentration of the diacetal formed in the reaction mixture attains at least 70% of the equilibrium concentration. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing optionally akyl-substituted 1,4-butandiol by two-stage catalytic hydration in the gaseous phase of C4 dicarboxylic acids and/or the derivatives thereof with the steps of: a) introducing a gaseous flow of a C4 dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof at 200 to 300 °C and 2 to 60 bar in a first reactor and catalytic gas phase hydration to a mainly optionally alkyl-substituted gamma-butyrolactone containing product; b) introducing the product flow so obtained into a second reactor at a temperature of from 150 °C to 240 °C and a pressure of from 15 to 100 bar and catalytic gas phase hydration to optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butandiol; c) removing the desired product from the intermediates, byproducts and possibly not reacted educt; d) optionally returning non-reacted intermediates to one or both hydration stages, whereby in both hydration stages one catalyst each is used which comprises = 5 % by weight, preferably 5 to 95 % by weight, especially 20 to 90 % by weight of an oxidic carrier, the pressure prevailing in the second reactor is higher than in the first reactor, and the product mixture removed from the first reactor is introduced into the second reactor without further purifying it.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst containing from 0.1 to 20 mass % rhenium and 0.05 to 10 mass % platinum in relation to the total mass thereof. The inventive method for producing a support for said catalyst consists in a) treating a support which can be eventually pre-treated with the aid of a solution of rhenium compound, b) drying and annealing said support at a temperature ranging from 80 to 600 DEG C, and c) impregnating the support with a solution of platinum compound and in drying it. The inventive method for producing alcohol by catalytic hydrogenation of carbonyl compound on said catalyst is also disclosed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing aminoalkane acid amines by reacting cyanoalkane acid esters with a) ammonia or an amine and b) hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, the reaction with component b) being started simultaneously or a maximum of 100 minutes after starting to react the cyanoalkane acid ester with component a).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing optically active 2-methylalkane-1-ol of general formula (III), comprising the following steps: (i) carbonyl-selective reduction of 2-methylalk-2-en-1-al of general formula (I) to 2-methylalk-2-en-1-ol of general formula (II), (ii) enantioselective hydration of 2-methylalk-2-en-1-ol to give the compound of general formula (III), (iii) increasing the optical yield of the optically active 2-methylalkane-1-ol (III) obtained in step (ii) by way of a lipase-catalyzed acylation reaction, whereby R represents C 1 -C 10 alkyl.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of orthoesters, wherein a first orthoester and a first alcohol are guided into a rectification column such that in at least one area of the column the first orthoester and the first alcohol react with a second orthoester and a second alcohol, and the second orthoester and the second alcohol are removed from the reaction area.
Abstract:
Continuous processes comprising: oxidizing a ketone with a solution comprising active oxygen in a reactor in the presence of a buffer substance and a stripping gas to form a gas stream comprising a dioxirane and a liquid stream; and continuously drawing the gas stream comprising the dioxirane and the liquid stream from the reactor; wherein a liquid phase residence time of 1 minute to 4 hours and a normalized condensate mass flow rate of at least 500 g/mol of active oxygen are maintained.
Abstract:
A catalyst (I) for the gas phase hydrogenation of 4C-dicarboxylic acids and/or derivatives, preferably maleic acid anhydride, comprises copper oxide (20-94 wt.%), palladium and/or a palladium compound (0.005-5 wt.%) and an oxide support (2-79.995 wt.%) comprising oxides of Al, Si, Zn, La, Ce, Group IIIa-VIIIa elements and/or Group IA and II elements. Independent claims are also included for: (i) a process for the production of the catalyst (I) by impregnation of an oxide supported copper oxide catalyst with a solution of a soluble palladium compound, drying and optionally calcining; and (ii) a process for the gas phase hydrogenation of 4C-dicarboxylic acids and/or derivatives, preferably maleic acid anhydride in the presence of the catalyst (I).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing optionally akyl-substituted 1,4-butandiol by two-stage catalytic hydration in the gaseous phase of C4 dicarboxylic acids and/or the derivatives thereof with the steps of: a) introducing a gaseous flow of a C4 dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof at 200 to 300 °C and 2 to 60 bar in a first reactor and catalytic gas phase hydration to a mainly optionally alkyl-substituted gamma-butyrolactone containing product; b) introducing the product flow so obtained into a second reactor at a temperature of from 150 °C to 240 °C and a pressure of from 15 to 100 bar and catalytic gas phase hydration to optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butandiol; c) removing the desired product from the intermediates, byproducts and possibly not reacted educt; d) optionally returning non-reacted intermediates to one or both hydration stages, whereby in both hydration stages one catalyst each is used which comprises = 5 % by weight, preferably 5 to 95 % by weight, especially 20 to 90 % by weight of an oxidic carrier, the pressure prevailing in the second reactor is higher than in the first reactor, and the product mixture removed from the first reactor is introduced into the second reactor without further purifying it.
Abstract:
Optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol is prepared from C 4 -dicarboxylic acids and/or of derivatives thereof by: a) introducing a gas stream of the C 4 -dicarboxylic acid or the derivative thereof in a first reactor in the gas phase to obtain a product which contains mainly optionally alkyl-substituted gamma-butyro-lactone; b) removing succinic anhydride from the product of step a); c) catalytically hydrogenating the product of step b) in a second reactor in the gas phase to obtain optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol; d) removing the desired product from intermediates, by-products and any unconverted reactants; and e) optionally recycling unconverted intermediates into one or both hydrogenation stages. The catalysts employed in each of the hydrogenation stages comprise