Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, whereby at least one complex of a metal of subgroup VIII is used as the hydroformylation catalyst, having at least one compound containing phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony as a ligand. Each compound comprises two groups having a P, As, or Sb atom and at least two other heteroatoms, said groups being bound to a xanthene-type molecular structure. The invention also relates to novel compounds of this type and catalysts comprising at least one complex of a metal of subgroup VIII having at least one such compound as a ligand.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for the production of hydroform ylation products from olefins having at least four carbon atoms. A high amou nt of the linear Ci-olefins with terminal double bonds that are present in t he inlet comprising olefins, and also of the linear Ci-olefins having intern al double bonds are converted to hydroformylation products. The invention fu rther relates to a method for the production of 2-propylheptanol, comprising said hydroformylation method.
Abstract:
Preparation of a composition of 9-21C primary alcohol comprises: dimerization of 4-10C monoolefin containing internal and/or terminal double bonds in the presence of an aluminum catalyst (I); hydroformylation of the obtained olefin dimer composition by means of a carbon dioxide/hydrogen mixture in presence of a hydroformylation catalyst, which is homogeneously dissolved in a reaction medium; and catalytic hydrogenation of the obtained aldehyde composition to the corresponding alcohol. Preparation of a composition of 9-21C primary alcohol comprises: catalytic dimerization of 4-10C monoolefin containing internal and/or terminal double bonds; hydroformylation of the obtained olefin dimer composition by means of a carbon dioxide/hydrogen mixture in presence of hydroformylation catalyst, which is homogeneously dissolved in a reaction medium; and catalytic hydrogenation of the obtained aldehyde composition to the corresponding alcohol; where the dimerization is carried out at 160-260[deg]C in the presence of an aluminum catalyst (I) of formula AlRx(ORy)3x, and the hydroformylation is carried out in the presence of a rhodium complex dissolved in the reaction medium with a ligand containing phosphacyclohexane group, free ligand and optionally in the presence of a solvent at 50-250[deg]C and 10-100 bar. R, Ry : 1-10C alkyl; and x : 0-3.
Abstract:
New pnicogen compounds (I) comprise two pnicogen (i.e. phosphorus, arsenic or antimony) atoms covalently bonded (optionally via oxygen) to the terminal flanking methylene groups of a bridge having at least 4 bridging atoms and forming part of an alicyclic or aromatic group. Pnicogen compounds of formula (I) are new. R1 - R4 = heteroatom-containing groups bonded to Pn via O or optionally substituted N; or R1 + R2 and/or R3 + R4 = divalent heteroatom-containing group bonded to Pn via two of O and/or optionally substituted N; a, b = 0 or 1; Pn = P, As and Sb; Ra - Rd = H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; Y = divalent bridging group having 2-10 bridging atoms between the terminal bonds, at least two of the bridging atoms being part of an alicyclic or aromatic group. An Independent claim is included for new catalysts (A) comprising at least one complex of a Group VIII transition metal (specifically cobalt, rhodium, ruthenium or iridium) containing at least one compound (I) as ligand.
Abstract:
Selective synthesis of new linear alpha -olefins comprises: (1) reaction of a linear, internal olefin with a trialkyl Al compound; (2) reaction of the linear alkyl Al compound formed with an olefin; (3) introduction of the linear alpha -olefin into a self-metathesis reaction; (4) reaction of the formed olefin with a trialkyl Al compound; (5) reaction of the linear alkyl Al compound formed with an olefin and formation of a trialkyl Al compound; and (6) isolation of the desired linear alpha-olefin. New linear alpha -olefins of 6-20 carbons are synthesized selectively in the following steps: (1) reaction of a linear, internal olefin or a mixture of these and having a carbon number of (n/2)+1, where n = the number of C atoms of the desired linear alpha -olefin in a transalkylation reaction with a trialkyl Al compound in isomerization conditions, where an olefin corresponding to the alkyl radical is released and the linear olefin thus added becomes attached to the Al during isomerization with formation of a corresponding linear alkyl Al compound; (2) reaction of the linear alkyl Al compound formed with an olefin, on release of the corresponding linear alpha -olefin having a carbon number of (n/2)+1, and formation of a trialkyl Al compound; (3) introduction of the linear alpha -olefin formed into a self-metathesis reaction, in which a linear internal olefin with the desired carbon number n is formed; (4) reaction of the formed olefin of carbon number n with a trialkyl Al compound under isomerizing conditions, in which an olefin corresponding to the alkyl radical is released, and the linear internal olefin becomes attached to the Al on isomerization and formation of a corresponding linear alkyl Al compound; (5) reaction of the linear alkyl Al compound formed with an olefin on release of the linear alpha-olefin having the desired carbon number n and formation of a trialkyl Al compound; and (6) isolation of the desired linear alpha -olefin having a carbon number n. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) preparation of hexene from butene-containing streams, preferably raffinate (II), comprises: (a) metathesis of the insertion product with optional addition of ethene; (b) removal, by distillation, of the stream obtained in a 2-3C olefin containing light boiling fraction and in a 4-6C olefin and butane containing high boiling fraction; (c) separation, by distillation, of the low boiling fraction obtained in an ethene containing fraction and a propene containing fraction, where the ethene containing fraction is returned to step a' and the propene containing fraction is removed; (d) separation, by distillation, of the high boiling fraction in a butene and butane containing low boiling fraction, a pentene containing medium boiling fraction, and in a hexene containing high boiling fraction; and (e) removal of the hexene containing high boiling fraction and optional returning of the remaining fraction to step a; (2) a process in which 2-pentene from butene containing streams, preferably raffinate II, where in the educt stream the ratio of 2-butene to 1-butene is preferably at least 1, is prepared preferably using the steps: a' to e' as above; and (3) a process in which the catalyst used in metathesis can have an inorganic support and contains a compound of a group VI, VII, or VIII metal, preferably an oxide of a group VIb or VIIb metal, especially a metathesis catalyst selected from: Re2O7, WO3, and MoO3, most preferred catalyst Re2O7, on gamma -Al2O3, or Al2O3/B2O3/SiO2 mixed supports.
Abstract:
Procedimiento para el hidroformilado, empleándose como catalizador de hidroformilado al menos un complejo de un metal del grupo secundario VIII con al menos un ligando, que es seleccionado entre compuestos de la fórmula general I. donde A1 y A2, independientemente entre sí, representan O, S, SiRaRb, NRc o CR5R6, representando Ra, Rb, Rc, R5 y R6, independientemente entre sí, hidrógeno, alquilo, cicloalquilo, arilo o hetarilo, Y1 e Y2, independientemente entre sí, representan respectivamente un resto de la fórmula OP(OR7) (OR8), donde R7 y R8, independientemente entre sí, representan alquilo, cicloalquilo, arilo o hetarilo, que presentan, en caso dado, uno, dos o tres substituyentes seleccionados entre alquilo, cicloalquilo, arilo, het arilo, COORf, COO-M+, SO3Rf, SO-3M+, NE4E5, alquilen-NE4E5, NE4E5E6+X-, alquilen-NE4E5E6+X-, ORf, SRf, (CHRgCH2O)yRf, (CH2N(E4))yRf, (CH2CH2N(E4))yRf, halógeno, trifluormetilo, nitro, acilo o ciano.
Abstract:
In a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII. with at least one phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compound as ligand is used as hydroformylation catalyst, where the compound used as ligand in each case comprises two groups which comprise a P, As or Sb atom and at least two further hetero atoms and are bound to a xanthene-like molecular framework. New compounds of this type and catalysts which comprise at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII. with at least one such compound as ligand are also provided.