Abstract:
The invention relates to a tube bundle reactor having a flat feed dome. Alternatively, the discharge dome can also be designed flat. The flat design reduces the reaction heat developing in the hood in reaction types that take place not only in the tube bundle (non-catalyzed reactions and reactions with homogenously distributed catalyst). Undesired reactions that already take place in the dome due to accumulated heat are thus heavily suppressed, whereby greater selectivity in temperature-sensitive reactions is achieved. Additionally, the temperature distribution within the domes can be precisely controlled. The tube bundle reactor comprises a tube bundle that has a feed end connected to a feed dome of the tube bundle reactor, wherein the feed dome is designed in a flat shape having a cross-sectional surface at the feed end and an inner volume, and the ratio of the inner volume to the cross-sectional surface is less than 0.35 m. The invention is furthermore implemented by a method for operating a tube bundle reactor, comprising: introducing a reactant mixture into a tube bundle and converting at least a portion of the reactant mixture into a product inside the tube bundle. The introduction step comprises: feeding the reactant mixture into an inner space of a feed dome of the tube bundle reactor and forwarding the reactant mixture into a feed end of the tube bundle in the form of a fluid flow. The fluid flow has a cross-sectional surface upon entering the feed end and the inner space of the feed dome through which the fluid flows has an inner volume; wherein the ratio of the inner volume to the cross-sectional surface is less than 0.35 m.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing at least one monocyclic ketone having 4 to 20 carbon atoms by reacting a mixture G1 comprising at least one monocyclic olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms with a mixture G2 comprising at least dinitrogen monoxide, this reaction being carried out adiabatically.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor (1) in the form of a horizontal cylinder for carrying out autothermal gas phase dehydrogenbation of a hydrocarbon-containing gas flow (2) by means of an oxygen-containing gas flow (3), with a reaction mixture being obtained, on a heterogeneous catalyst in the form of a monolith (4), characterized in that the interior of the reactor (1) is divided by a detachable cylindrical or prismatic housing G, which is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (1), gastight in the circumferential direction and open at both end faces thereof, into an inner area A, having one or a plurality of catalytically active zones (5), in which are provided a packing of monoliths (4) stacked on, adjacent, and above one another, and, in front of each catalytically active zone (5), a mixing zone (6) having fixed installations, and an outer area B disposed coaxially to the inner area A.
Abstract:
In a process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of propene to acrylic acid, the propene-containing starting reaction gas mixture is oxidized in a first reaction stage using a fixed catalyst bed 1 which consists of a plurality of fixed catalyst bed zones and is accommodated in two successive temperature zones A, B, and the acrolein-containing product gas mixture of the first reaction stage is then oxidized in a second reaction stage using a fixed catalyst bed 2 which consists of a plurality of fixed catalyst bed zones and is accommodated in two successive temperature zones C, D, and the transition from one temperature zone to another temperature zone within one reaction stage does not spatially coincide with a transition from one fixed catalyst bed zone to another fixed catalyst bed zone.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for converting an aromatic hydrocarbon which comprises aromatic sulfur compounds, or a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons which comprises aromatic sulfur compounds, if appropriate in the presence of hydrogen, wherein, in a first step, aromatic sulfur compounds are removed (step a), and, in a second step, the aromatic hydrocarbon or the mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons is hydrogenated in the presence of a supported ruthenium catalyst in the presence of hydrogen (step b). (No suitable figure)
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la obtención de ácido cianhídrico (HCN) mediante deshidratación catalítica de formamida gaseosa en presencia de oxígeno ambiental en un reactor, que presenta una superficie de reactor interna constituida por un acero que contiene hierro, así como cromo y níquel, llevándose a cabo el procedimiento a una presión de 200 a 250 mbar, y no conteniendo el reactor elementos de inserción y/o catalizadores adicionales.
Abstract:
A process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon, in which a reaction gas mixture input stream comprising a hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated is conducted through a fixed catalyst bed disposed in a shaft and the reaction gas mixture input stream is generated in the shaft by metering a molecular oxygen-comprising input gas II into an input gas stream I which flows into the fixed catalyst bed in the shaft and comprises molecular hydrogen and the hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated upstream of the fixed catalyst bed.